The Practice of Reading, Writing Papers and Linguistic Analysis in Teaching Portuguese: A Proposal for the Organization of Everyday School Life from the Perspective of Multiliteracies

This paper aims to reflect on the teaching of Portuguese language in the context of twenty-first century, taking as its starting point the proposal of multiliteracies. We propose to discuss the applicability of genres in the classroom as a condition to ensure the construction of fundamental knowledge to social practices of language. For this, we rely on recent studies on the possibilities that the genre can bring to practice reading, writing papers, and linguistic analysis. We intend, therefore, to assist the planning of teachers who still find themselves unsure on curricula that suggest what they have to do, but did not say how. Understand the reason why this work is another contribution to the teaching of Portuguese in the final years of elementary school and high school bringing out a space for discussion about what needs to be taught and some teaching procedures that favor the democratization of school and interaction linguistics. Curricular innovations and new ways of thinking about teaching and learning of mother tongue are already part of the reflections of most professionals, but there is still an open field to think of more effective alternatives through multimodality an interactionist conception of language.

Online forums of a course in health sciences: a linguistic analysis

This article aimed at investigating the participation of healthcare professionals in online forums conducted in the discipline of Educative Practices in health sciences, in the University of Brasilia-UNB in order to check the occurrences of evaluative lexis presented in the participants’ discourses. For this, it used the theoretical and methodological approaches that underpin the mediated communication computer as well as the model proposed by the research community (Garrison, et al (2000) among others). It was presented the general characteristics of the Presences (Social, Cognitive and Learning), but the focus was on social one. As regards the linguistic analysis, this study was supported by the assumptions of Systemic Functional Grammar (Halliday, 1994/2004; Appraisal- Martin e Rose, 2003).

THE SCHOOL TEXTUAL PRODUCTION PROCESS MEDIATED BY LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS WITH FOCUS ON ARGUMENTATION

It is showed in this text, discussion about the textual (re)writing process in activity that was propitiated through the development of a research project applied in a public school of Parana state, whose goal was to develop the argumentative writing production at the 9th year students, of the basic education. The research project focused on the teaching of a scientific paper and the use of conjunctions as constituent elements of argumentation. It was applied strategies grounded on Argumentative Semantics which were concerned with the conjunctions use as argumentative elements and, for the expansion of ideas. After the produced material analysis, it was selected this work’s corpus, which is constituted of the last version of the written text by one student whose production was well qualified. It was verified that the textual genre suggested and the conjunctions usage as argumentation organizer element was considered by the student, at the writing activities. 

THE ASSUMPTION IN STATEMENTS QUESTIONING SPEECH OF CLASSROOM

This study aims to make a linguistic analysis, in a semantic-discursive perspective, of the assumptions that are encoded in the question-answer pair (P-R) in the classroom discourse in terms of Ducrot (1987), Levinson (1983), Moura (2006). For this, we made an analysis and a description of the interrogative utterrances, qualitatively, using data which are part of the corpus The Study of Discourse Interaction in classes of elementary school (Cf. Santos, 2002), consist of ten classes recorded, to identify the interrogative contexts in which the assumptions are encoded; and the relationship that these establish with the activities developed in the classroom. The results show that the assumptions encoded in the questions are related to the structuring of the discourse, with regard to return information given, to project  the topic that will be developed and establish contact with students through interactivity.

LOGO: GRAMMATICALIZATION AND SEMANTICS IN MEDIA TEXTS

It is a fact that the study and the correct application of the rules of Portuguese grammar are necessary for the issuer to communicate adequately in most discursive genres. However this same grammar imposes certain rules that now left to be used due to historical developments that pervade any language, now began to be employed so not always equal to those advocated by the normative grammar. Wherefore to understand situations which are not justified by traditional grammar, theories that are sought to assist this understanding. The current adopted will be the Functionalism, which promotes linguistic analysis beyond established by normative grammar, it covers other aspects not considered by her. Looking enlarger the discussions about the different uses, this study is aimed at ascertaining what is mentioned by the normative and functionalists studies with respect to the word logo, traditionally defined as a coordinating conjunction conclusive. Furthermore, we seek to show the process of grammaticalization whereby the term came and expose the different semantic relations that he can express in language use. To prove this, was used everyday examples, took out from media texts, such as magazine Isto É and the newspaper Folha de S. Paulo.

USING SEMANTICS AS A WAY TO UNDERSTAND TEXTUAL GENRES

This paper examines the perception of the characteristics of a set of Textual Genres based on Linguistic Analysis, drawing on a Textual Linguistics investigation and offering Semantics considerations as support. This is an attempt to show how relevant semantic investigations are to extend a perception on the characteristics of Textual Genres, without excluding pragmatic and discourse elements. The texts analyzed in this study were taken from a questionnaire designed to assess freshman and senior university students from courses of Bachelor of Arts in Language, in terms of knowledge about different Textual Genres and their characteristics. The analyses focus on the semantic elements that act in respect of question and answer in the questionnaire, and which include: A Semantics-Pragmatics interface, the considerations of the propositional calculus, the theories of tense and aspect of verbal and semantic primitives. On these terms, it is set a relationship between the cognitive mechanisms that operate in the production and reception of texts and a look at the functions that organize semantic text processing. The main analysis in this paper will concern the interface of Textual Linguistics, from authors as Beaugrande and Dressler (1981) and Adam (2011), with Semantic investigations in terms of meaning processing.

O GÊNERO POEMA: UM ESTUDO NA PERSPECTIVA BAKHTINIANA

This paper, linked to the Research Project “Linguistic Analysis Contextualized to Practices of Reading and Production of Texts” (UEL), seeks to disseminate a proposal of approaching the speech genre poem, in terms of scientific domain, in the light of bakhtinian concepts, involving vision of ideological sign, aesthetic communication, and speech genres and its dimensions: theme content – object of sense, evaluatively built; compositional structure – elements of structure and meaning; and style – manifestation of linguistic and expressive resources relatively stable of a genre, among others, mobilized by the enunciator (linguistic and enunciation marks). It considers all characteristics are indissolubly related to the context of production. Such a context stabilizes the use of the genre and holds it collectively as long as necessary, ie, society and discourse are organized in genres that, ultimately, are the realization of the living and can be materialized. More specifically, the paper analyzes, in the aspects above mentioned, the poema “O menino que carregava água na peneira”, by Manoel de Barros, in which the author-creator of the poem brings a very particular universe which marks the literary work: childhood, in a kind of craft with the word-image. The poet feels the child’s universe pulsing in his bowels and represents it. In this sense, the study discusses, in pedagogical field, the spread of such a speech genre. It evaluates, as a result, the getting through of the poem in the school  sphere – mainly via textbook. Finally, it points to the possibility of a new attitude regarding the teaching-learning process of the genre.

Linguistic-discursive analysis of scientific divulgation texts in the contexts of Forensic Sciences

Texts about scientific divulgation have as objective to inform about knowledge from the scientific community. To make this specific discourse, made from scientist to scientist, be understood by the general public, it is necessary do some formals and conceptual modifications in the discourse. In this paper, two texts about forensic sciences were analyzed. One text is from the magazine Ciência Hoje and the other one is from the Superinteressante. It was observed, in the Superinteressante, a major concern about the reformulation and explanation of the scientific terms used in the text. In the other hand, occurrences of authority arguments were bigger in the text from Ciência Hoje. These results are consistent with the communicative purpose of each magazine.  

Consolidation of national grammar: an analysis of the pronoun frame in the eighteenth-century in Minas Gerais context

This article intends to revisit the issue of national genesis of grammar, from the analysis of a corpus of five unpublished documents that was writing in the region of Diamantina (MG) in the second half of the eighteenth century. The data analyzed here according to the assumptions sociolinguistic endorse the hypothesis that destabilization of pronominal framework and the consequent weakening of the agreement of the Portuguese system were already established in this region in the late eighteenth century. From this result, we speculate about the socio-historical role of the Minas Gerais region in implementing linguistic changes determinants for the establishment of a national grammar.

Translation as a resource for the teaching of linguistic diversity in foreign language

Translation has played many roles in foreign language teaching. It has been, on the one hand, considered a fundamental methodological tool, constituting the core of the grammar-translation approach, and, on the other hand, heavily criticized and excluded from the classroom, whether from the practical or the theoretical point of view. Currently, with the communicative approach to language teaching, the study of language varieties has become very important to the learner, and considering the need to understand and interpret the meaning of a word within a specific socio-cultural context during the translation process, it is of paramount importance to acknowledge sociolinguistic variations in the text to be translated. Thus, our goal is to show, through a reflective analysis, that translation can be an educational resource for the teaching of linguistic diversity in foreign language. This study isbased on theoretical assumptions on translation dating from the time of Cicero and Saint Jerome to the present times.

Paraná in the guidebook: a cultural markers analysis

Even nowadays, with the access to information through the internet or even by means of apps on the cellphone, the market of printed tourist guidebooks, as a way of advertising tourist destinations, continues to work. In a global scope, one of the most recognized publishing companies is Lonely Planet, with publications about a great number of destinations, in until 11 languages, commercialized in various parts of the world. One of its theme is Brazil. The titles Brazil (2013), in Portuguese, Brasil (2014) and in the Italian guidebook, Brasile (2014) were selected. The manuals were analyzed in a post-doctorate research entitled, “Analyzes of tourist guidebooks about Brazil in the light of the Translation Studies Based on Corpus”. However, the analyzed chapters are just the ones that make up the South of Brazil, that is, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. The aim was to analyze the cultural markers with the highest level of keyness, presented in them and its respective translations in the guidebooks in Portuguese and in Italian. Nevertheless, for this article just the chapters referring to Paraná were selected. The theoretical basis were the Corpus Linguistic (Berber Sardinha, 2004), the Translation Studies Based on Corpus (BAKER, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2000; CAMARGO, 2005, 2007a, 2007b), as well as the studies about cultural markers (AUBERT, 1981, 1995, 2006). It was noted that even on the source language corpus there were markers in Portuguese language, such as “Curitiba” and “Iguaçu”, whereas the toponyms are quite frequent in this textual genre.

BELIEF AND THE LINGUISTIC ATTITUDE OF CAPANEMENSE

Despite not using the Spanish language, Brazil borders with several countries that speak this language. The State of Paraná, for instance, has nineteen districts bordering with Paraguay and Argentina. In this geographical context is inserted Capanema city, whose multi-ethnic environment not only promotes the exchange of goods but also culture, beliefs, customs, and especially the language. This work takes as its investigation object the speech of Capanemenses with the aim of verifying the positive and negative views of these subjects regarding the multiple languages ​​and varieties with which they live on today. Following the mentalist methodology (LÓPEZ MORALEZ, 1993), the collected data analysis through interviews in locus showed that, compared to Argentines, most Capanemenses presents a positive attitude, both in relation to the Argentine people properly said, as their mother tongue, seen in a prestigious way by the interviewees. As for Paraguayan, a significant amount of informants showed not see them in a positive way, presenting a justification for this refusal the difference in culture, indigenous origin, low technology and education, as well as the language issue - Guarani, Jopará. On the other hand, the German people’s seen as introverted by their lack of emotion, but responsible in everything they do. The German language has not been evaluated positively by the Capanemenses, as it’s considered difficult and awkward. Finally, we note that, believing that Italian culture and language are close to the one existing in Brazil, due to Latin ascendancy, respondents react favorably on the Italians, people judged by Capanemenses as joyful and spontaneous. Keywords: beliefs and linguistic attitudes, language prejudice, languages in contact, Capanema.   

Variation and education in Linguistic Atlas of Brazil

This article focuses on one of the aspects treated in the project Linguistic Atlas of Brazil (ALiB Project) – the teaching of Brazilian Portuguese language. Therefore, this paper investigates how individuals’ language presents specific linguistic marks that construct, maintain and project the diversity in the questionnaire of the ALiB Project, based on the use of the linguistic variation. Thereby, it deals with the importance of linguistic atlas for the education process, highlighting the publication of some Brazilian regional atlas and the linguistic atlas of Brazil. Thus, it discusses the relevant contribution of these works to the knowledge of the linguistic reality in Brazil, as the atlas can optimize and motivate classroom activities and they can also be explored by other subjects of school curriculum. The methodology used was based on the performance of the following stages: 1) reading of the theoretical texts related to the proposed theme; 2) choice and formation of the corpus, made up of inquests of the ALiB Project in different capitals; 3) analysis of the corpus in order to verify linguistic marks that transmit the construction, projection and maintenance of the linguistic variation. The analyses of the selected inquiries try to study variation and its relationship to education by the informers from different age-groups in the different capitals of the country. The analysis of the corpus enabled the realization of register and documentation of lexical diversity of Portuguese language spoken in Brazil, according to the principles of the modern Pluridimensional Geolinguistics, in which the register follows specific parameters.

Educational advertising on youtube: a discursive analysis

The internet has been an increasingly important support for advertising various products. We witness the proliferation of educational advertisements on youtube, aiming for membership of an audience that craves attend university. Thus, the advertising discourse uses linguistic and imagistic strategies increasingly effective. The image constructed in discourse this is a strategy. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to analyze the emerging ethos of sceneries built in educational advertising on youtube. Therefore, we analyzed five videos aimed at pre-university students, adopting as theoretical presuppositions of discourse analysis (AD) French oriented, based on Maingueneau research on the scenes of enunciation. The analysis revealed the variation of topographies and cronografias featuring sceneries, linked to the scenic framework of educational advertising discourse on youtube. Therefore, based on scenes of enunciation, we see the construction of a bold ethos, brave, challenging, among others.