27 resultados para mielikuvat - mainonta


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There is only little information available on the 4-6-year-old child s hospital-related fears, and on the coping with such fears, as expressed by the children themselves. However, previous data collected from parents and hospital personnel indicate that hospitalization is an anxiety-producing experience for young children. The purpose of this study was to describe the experience of hospital-related fears and the experience of coping with hospital-related fears of 4-6-year-old children. The aim of this study was to form a descriptive model of the subjective experience of hospital-related fears and coping strategies of 4-6-year old children. The data were collected by interviewing 4-6-year-old children from a hospital and kindergarten settings in Finland from 2004 to 2006. Ninety children were interviewed in order to describe the hospital-related fear and the experience of fear, and 89 to describe their coping with the fear and the experience of coping. The children were chosen through purposive sampling. The data were gathered by semi-structured interview, supported by pictures. The data about hospital-related fears and on strategies for coping with hospital-related fears were reviewed by qualitative and quantitative methods. The experience of hospital-related fears and coping with these fears were analyzed using Colaizzi s Method of Phenomenological Analysis. The results revealed that more than 90 % of the children said they were afraid of at least one thing in hospital. Most of the fears could be categorized as nursing interventions, fears of being a patient, and fears caused by the developmental stage of the child. Children interviewed in the hospital expressed substantially more fears than children interviewed in kindergarten. Children s meanings of hospital-related fears were placed into four main clusters: 1) insecurity, 2) injury, 3) helplessness, 4) and rejection. The results also showed that children have plenty of coping strategies, to deal with their fears, especially such strategies in which the children themselves play an active role. Most often mentioned coping strategies were 1) the presence of parents and other family members, 2) the help of the personnel, 3) positive images and humour, 4) play, and 5) the child s own safety toy. The children interviewed in the hospital mentioned statistically significantly more often play, positive imagination and humour as their coping strategy than children interviewed in kindergarten. The meaning of coping with hospital fears consisted of six clusters: pleasure, security, care, understanding the meaning of the situation participating, and protecting oneself. Being admitted to a hospital is an event which may increase the fears of a 4-6-year-old child. Children who have personal experience of being admitted to a hospital describe more fears than healthy children in kindergarten. For young children, hospital-related fear can be such a distressing experience that it reflects on their feelings of security and their behaviour. Children can sometimes find it difficult to admit their fear. Children need the help of adults to express their hospital-related fears, the objects of the fears, and to cope with the fears. Personnel should be aware of children s fears and support them in the use of coping strategies. In addition to the experiences of security and care, pre-school-aged children need active coping strategies that they can use themselves, regardless of the presence of the parents or nurses. Most of all, children need the possibility to play and experience pleasure. Children can also be taught coping strategies which give them an active, positive role.

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Infertility treatments are relatively easily available in most Western countries today, but the psychological consequences of these high-tech treatments have scarcely been addressed. The purpose of this controlled longitudinal study was to explore the early environment of the infant born by assisted reproductive treatment (ART). We focused on the parents mental well-being, marital relations and experience of parenting. In addition to this, we assessed parent child interaction and parents mental representations of their child after long-standing infertility and several unsuccessful ART attempts. The subjects were infertile couples who achieved a singleton pregnancy by in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The control group comprised of spontaneously conceiving couples with singleton pregnancies. ART women showed fewer depressive symptoms than controls during pregnancy and after delivery, but the difference vanished by the end of the child s first year. ART men consistently had lower levels of anxiety symptoms, sleeping difficulties, and social dysfunction than control men. Control women experienced a decrease in dyadic consensus during the child s first year, which did not happen among ART women. After the child was born, ART men reported a higher level of sexual affection compared with control men. Psychic symptoms and stressful life events were differently related to marital relations in ART and control groups. The parenting experiences of ART mothers were in general at a higher level, compared with controls, and they changed in a positive direction during the child s first year. Fathering experiences were at the same level in both groups, and they changed positively in both groups by the end of the child s first year. The parenting experiences of ART mothers and fathers were more resilient to certain child-related stressors than those of control group. Both mothers and fathers with long-term infertility showed more sensitive behaviour with their child in toddler-age than in infancy. Correspondingly, children s cooperation increased. Mothers often mentioned a fear of miscarriage and difficulty in creating representations of the child during pregnancy. Descriptions of the infants were mainly rich, vivid and loaded with positive features. In conclusion, ART parents in general seem to adapt well to the transition to parenthood. Former infertility and ART do not seem to constitute a risk for parents mental health, marital relations or experience of parenting. Even longstanding infertility with several unsuccessful treatment attempts did not create a risk as regards parenting behaviour or parents mental representations of their child. In this group, however, women were found to have fear for losing the child and difficulty in creating representations of the child during pregnancy, which in some cases may indicate need for psychosocial support. Even though our results are encouraging, infertility and infertility treatments are generally considered as a stressful experience. It is a challenge for health authorities to recognize those couples who need professional help to overcome the distressing experiences of infertility and ART.

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Enchanted by Sources. Henry Biaudet, Liisi Karttunen and Finnish Historical Research in Rome in the Early Twentieth Century This study traces the scholarly endeavours of Henry Biaudet (1870 1915) and Liisi Karttunen (1880 1957) and "La mission historique finlandaise à Rome" which they founded in 1909. They are forgotten in Finnish historiography, but remain internationally renowned for their contribution to the nunciature studies. By investigating their historical work on the Counter- Reformation era, their roles in the scientific communities of Helsinki and Rome as well as the intersection of politics and science in their scholarly practices the study explores the nature of historical research in general at the turn of the twentieth century. The work covers fields such as historiography, university history and the political use of history. Methodologically the research is based on the analysis and contextualization of published and unpublished sources (e.g. correspondences, university records, scholarly publications and reviews in academic journals). Henry Biaudet criticized the previous research on the Nordic Counter-Reformation for its narrow national scope and sources. He sought out a new approach, including the use of sources in archives all over Europe and the inclusion of the Catholic viewpoint. Accordingly, Biaudet and Karttunen searched for records in archives in Southern Europe. Their unorthodox interpretations were denounced in Finland since the picture they gave of late sixteenth-century Sweden was too different from the national narrative. Moreover, Finnish national identity was firmly rooted in Protestantism, and questioning the benevolence of the Reformation and its main actors was considered as an attack not only against historical truth but also national values. The comparison between Biaudet s and Karttunen s arguments and the accepted narrative in Finland shows how traditional interpretations of the Nordic Reformation were influenced by the Lutheran ethos and European anticlerical rhetoric. Historians have recently paid substantial attention to the political use of history, usually focusing on politicized constructions of the national past. This study shows how research that met the criteria of modern historiography also served political purposes. Conducting research in an international community of historians and publishing ambitious scholarly studies that interested an international audience were ways to create a positive image of Finland abroad. These were not uniquely Finnish ideas but rather ideas shared by the international community of historians in Rome. In this context, scientific pursuits were given a clear political meaning. This enhances our understanding of nineteenth-century historiography being firmly rooted between science and politics.

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Abstract

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The main aim of this work was to explore the use of Mao Zedong s (毛泽东, 1893—1976) visual image in contemporary Chinese art during the years 1976—2006. Chairman Mao is the most visually reproduced person in the People's Republic of China (PRC), and the presence of his image is still unquestionable at many levels. Although several scholars have provided insightful observations on this topic, research focusing on Mao's visual image has been neglected. Employing the interdisciplinary approach of visual studies and using image as the main concept, this research combines different theoretical frameworks, deriving from art history, image studies and social sciences, for each chapter in order to explain the origins, intentions and major strategies of the contemporary Chinese artists. The focus of this research was to elucidate how Mao's visual image, deriving from the Maoist era, is re-created and negotiated in contemporary Chinese art works. The material reproductions - the visual images in contemporary art - are created to be juxtaposed with the immaterial mental images of Mao that were created during the Maoist era through the original visual images of Mao. This complex interaction between visual and mental images is further exemplified by art works that do not include Mao's visual image, but still imply his mental image. The methods used derive from both sinology and art history. The research is based on extensive fieldwork in China, which was crucial for gathering new information and materials from this vigorous art scene. The topic is approached through a Chinese cultural, political and historical perspective that is necessary for a further understanding of how the original visual images of Mao obtained their omnipotent status and what kind of iconography was created. Close structural analysis, taking into account the format, style, techniques, composition, colors, materials and space used in the art works, is employed to demonstrate the great variety of visual images created. The analysis is further placed in a continuous dialogue both with the contemporary art works of Mao and with the original visual images of Mao from the past. In this study it is shown that contemporary Chinese art relating to Chairman Mao is a more versatile and multilayered phenomenon than is generally assumed. Although some of the art works seem to fit into the definition of superficial art, the study demonstrates that this reading of the art works is not adequate. The author argues that employing Mao's visual images in contemporary Chinese art is based on three main strategies used by artists: to create a visual dialogue with a traumatizing past, to employ transcontextual parody, and to explore the importance of Tian'anmen through site-dependent art. These strategies are not exclusionary, but instead interdependent and many art works employ more than one of them. In addition, these three main strategies include versatile methods used by artists that make the use of Mao's visual images even more multifaceted.

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Aim of this master's thesis paper for consumer economics, is to research gambling advertisements in Finland over a period of 35 years, from 1970 to 2006. Veikkaus Oy (later Veikkaus), was founded in 1940, as one of the three licensed gambling organizations in Finland. Material for the current research comprised 1494 advertisements published by Veikkaus in newspapers and magazines at that time. Veikkaus has the exclusive licence to organize lotto games, sport games, instant games and other draw games in Finland. The other two operators, The Finnish Slot Machine Association RAY and Fintoto (on-track horse betting), were not included in the current analysis. This study has been completed according to research contract and grand by the Finnish Foundation for Gaming Research (Pelitoiminnan tutkimussäätiö). In general, advertisements reflect surrounding culture and time, and their message is built on stratified meanings, symbols and codes. Advertising draws the viewer's attention, introduces the advertised subject, and finally, affects the individual's consumption habits. However, advertisements not only work on individual level, but also influence public perception of the advertised product. Firstly, in order to assess gambling as a phenomenon, this paper discusses gambling as consumer behaviour, and also reviews history of gambling in Finland. Winning is a major feature of gambling, and dreaming about positive change of life is a centre of most gambling ads. However, perceived excitement through risk of losing can also be featured in gambling ads. Secondly, this study utilizes Veikkaus’ large advertising archives, were advertising data is analyzed by content analysis and the semiotic analysis. Two methods have been employed to support analyzing outcome in a synergistic way. Content analysis helps to achieve accuracy and comprehensiveness. Semiotic analysis allows deeper and more sensitive analysis to emerged findings and occurrences. It is important to understand the advertised product, as advertising is bound to the culture and time. Hence, to analyze advertising, it is important to understand the environment where the ads appear. Content analysis of Veikkaus data discovered the main gambling and principal advertisement style for each.period. Interestingly, nearly half of Veikkaus’ advertisements promoted topic other than “just winning the bet”. Games of change, like Lotto, typically advertised indirectly represented dreams about winning. In the category of skill gambling, features were represented as investment, and the excitement of sporting expertise was emphasized. In addition, there were a number of gambling ads that emphasize social responsibility of Veikkaus as a government guided organization. Semiotic methods were employed to further elaborate on findings of content analysis. Dreaming in the advertisements was represented by the product of symbols, (e.g. cars and homes) that were found to have significance connection with each other. Thus, advertising represents change of life obtained by the winning. Interestingly, gambling ads promoting jackpots were often representing religious symbolisms. Ads promoting social responsibility were found to be the most common during economical depression of the 90’s. Deeper analysis showed that at that time, advertisements frequently represented depression-related meanings, such as unemployment and bank loans. Skill gaming ads were often represented by sports expertise – late 90’s, their number started sky rocketing, and continued increasing until 2006 (when this study ended). One may conclude that sport betting draws its meanings from the relevant consumer culture, and from the rules and features of the betted sport.

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Tourism is one of important livelihoods in Lapland. Christmas tourism was launched in the early 1980s and it became a success story - being labelled as the most epochal tourism product in Finland. Hence, today Christmas tourists are one of the most significant foreign groups arriving to Lapland during the winter season and contributing considerably to the economics of the northeastern periphery of the EU. Christmas tourism concentrates around Father Christmas who uses reindeer for transportation. The Sämi are the only indigenous people in the EU. They are all stereotypically perceived to be reindeer herders. Somehow these three, that is, Santa Claus, reindeer and the Sämi, have been incorporated into same fairytale dominion. In practice, this has happened by using the most visible cultural but also significant identity marker of the Sämi, the Sämi costume. This, in turn, has created controversy over authenticity due to manners in which the costume is used in tourism - often in imitational, mismatched forms by non-Sämi. In this thesis, after relevant literature review I intend to establish how the Sâmi are represented in Christmas tourism through visual data consisting of ten images from three foreign sources. Then I clarify why and to whom it matters of how the Sâmi are represented in Christmas tourism with the aid of 65 questionnaires and nineteen expert interviews collected mainly in the Finnish Sâmi Home Region in October 2009. Through the multiplicity of the voices of various interest and ethnic groups and by using critical discourse analysis I attempt to give an overview of the respondents' opinions and look at some preliminary solutions to the controversy. Based on my data, the non-Sami appear to accept the Sami costume usage in Christmas tourism most readily. Consequently, respect and attitudinal changes have become the respondents' propositions in addition to common set of rules of how the Sami image could be appropriated without violating the integrity of the Sami people, or a similar system of S¿m¡ Duodji trademark guaranteeing the authenticity of the tourism products. Additionally, though half of the interviewees explicate Sami presence in Christmas tourism by adding local flavour to otherwise commercial enterprise, the other half see no rationale to connect facts with fiction, that is, the Sami with Santa Claus.

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Tutkielmassa tarkastellaan suomalaisten eturivin poliitikkojen blogiviestintää imagonrakennuksen näkökulmasta. Tarkoitus on selvittää, millä tavalla poliitikot käyttävät blogejaan osana imagonrakennusprosessia. Tutkimuskysymyksen taustalla on ajatus yhteiskunnan viestinnällistymisestä, ”medialisoitumisesta”. Mediavälineiden ja -sisältöjen kyllästämässä mielikuvayhteiskunnassa jokainen joutuu pitämään huolta siitä, millainen imago hänelle muiden mielissä muodostuu. Mielikuvayhteiskunnassa imagot kilpailevat toisiaan vastaan ideologioiden sijaan, ja poliitikot pyrkivät erottumaan toisistaan ja kauppaamaan itseään äänestäjille mielikuvien avulla. Koska poliitikot taustaryhmineen voivat kommunikoida yleisöille blogien avulla ilman perinteisten tiedotusvälineiden väliintuloa, blogien merkitys imagoiden rakentamisessa, muokkaamisessa ja ylläpitämisessä on huomionarvoinen. Tutkielma sijoittuu poliittisen viestinnän tutkimuksen kenttään ja siinä hyödynnetään myös retoriikan tutkimuksen perusteita. David Nimmon teoria jakaa imagoviestinnän kolmeen aspektiin: ajatteluun ja tulkintaan liittyvään kognitiiviseen puoleen, tunteisiin vetoavaan affektiiviseen osaan sekä konatiiviseen, eli toimintaan kehottavaan elementtiin. Ferdinand de Saussuren linjaamien semiotiikan käytäntöjen mukaan viestintä puolestaan koostuu semioottisista valinnoista. Blogeissa käytettyjen semioottisen valintojen perusteella imagoviestinnän eri aspektit korostuvat halutuilla tavoilla. Tutkielmassa tarkastellaan imagonrakennuksen näkökulmasta niitä retorisia keinoja ja valintoja, joita blogikirjoituksissa esiintyy. Tutkielman alkuperäislähteinä ovat 24:n näkyvässä asemassa olevan suomalaisen poliitikon blogit tai vastaavat verkkosivut syksyltä 2009 ja keväältä 2010. Mukaan valittiin kaikki sellaiset eduskuntapuolueiden sekä valiokuntien puheenjohtajat, jotka päivittivät sisältöä blogeihinsa säännöllisesti. Tutkielman tärkeimpiä kirjallisuuslähteitä ovat muiden muassa Erkki Karvosen, David Nimmon, Risto Uimosen sekä Pekka Isotaluksen teokset. Tutkielman metodologisena apuvälineenä on sovellettu laadullisen sisällönanalyysin menetelmiä kuten palautesilmukkaa. Palautesilmukan induktiivisessa vaiheessa aineiston pohjalta on ensin toistuvien lukukertojen myötä muodostettu kategoriat, joihin varsinaiset sisällöt on sitten deduktiivisessa vaiheessa lajiteltu lopullista analyysia varten. Näin on saatu esiin erilaisia imagotyyppejä, joihin poliitikot itsensä blogeissaan asemoivat sekä imagonrakennuskeinoja, joita he blogiviestinnässään käyttävät. Tutkimus osoittaa, että useimmat suomalaiset poliitikot pyrkivät rakentamaan imagojaan asiapitoisista lähtökohdista, riskittömästi ja hillitysti. Imagoviestit sisällytetään tiiviisti asia-aiheiden yhteyteen eikä imagotekijöitä tyrkytetä sisältöjen kustannuksella. Kognitiiviset elementit korostuvat affektiivisten kustannuksella. Vaikka provokatiivisia intohimopoliitikkojakin joukosta löytyy, suurin osa pyrkii profiloitumaan imagoltaan viileiksi ja osaaviksi asiantuntijoiksi.

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Since begging East European Roma became a common view in the streets of larger Nordic cities, vivid discussions about their presence and activities have been carried out in the mass media. This thesis examines the public debates in Finland and Norway through a discursive analysis and comparison of press content from the two countries. The aim of the study is firstly to identify the prominent discourses which construct certain images of the beggars, as well as the elements and internal logics that these discourses are constructed around. But in addition to scrutinizing representations of the Roma, also an opposite perspective is applied. In accordance with the theoretical concept of ‘othering’, debates about ‘them’ are assumed to simultaneously reveal something significant about ‘us’. The second research question is thus what kind of images of the ideal Finnish and Norwegian societies are reflected in the data, and which societal values are salient in these images. The analysis comprises 79 texts printed in the main Finnish and Norwegian quality newspapers; Helsingin Sanomat and Aftenposten. The data consists of news articles, editorials, columns and letters to the editor from a three-month period in the summer of 2010. The analysis was carried out within the theoretical and methodological framework of critical discourse analysis as outlined by Norman Fairclough. A customized nine-step coding scheme was developed in order to reach the most central dimensions of the texts. Seven main discourses were identified; the Deprivation-solidarity, Human rights, Order, Crime, Space and majority reactions, Authority control, and Authority critique discourse. These were grouped into two competing normative stances on what an ideal society looks like; the exclusionary and the inclusionary stance. While the exclusionary stance places the begging Roma within a frame of crime, illegitimate use of public space and threat to the social order, the other advocates an attitude of solidarity and humanitarian values. The analysis points to a dominance of the former, although it is challenged by the latter. The Roma are “individualized” by quoting and/or presenting them by name in a fair part of the Finnish news articles. In Norway, the opposite is true; there the beggars are dominantly presented as anonymous and passive. Overall, the begging Roma are subjected to a double bind as they are faced with simultaneous expectations of activity and passivity. Theories relating to moral panics and ‘the good enemy’ provide for a deepened understanding of the intensity of the debates. Keywords: East European Roma, begging, media, newspapers, Helsingin Sanomat, Aftenposten, critical discourse analysis, Norman Fairclough, othering, ideal society, moral panics, good enemy, double bind, Finland, Norway

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Elämme brändien ympäröiminä. Brändit ovat useasti osana mediasisältöjä kuten elokuvia, televisioohjelmia, videopelejä tai aikakauslehtiä. Tämä pro gradu -tutkielma tutkii tuotesijoittelua (engl. product placement) osana digitalisoituvaa mediakulttuuria. Tuotesijoittelu on markkinointiviestintään luettava mainonnan muoto, jossa jokin tuote, brändätty palvelu tai logo esiintyy mainostarkoituksessa osana julkaisua, esitystä tai kulttuurintuotetta. Tuotesijoittelu on melko vähän tutkittu aihepiiri. Aihe on kuitenkin ajankohtainen mm. mediakulttuurin digitalisoitumisesta johtuvan kuluttajien mediakulutuskäyttäytymisen muutosten ja EU:n audiovisuaalisia mediapalveluja koskevan direktiivimuutoksen (AVMSdirektiivi) takia. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on selvittää tuotesijoittelun toimijoita, toimijoiden intressi-ja kausaalisuhteita sekä toimintamekanismeja. Lähtökohtana on näkemys, jossa tuotesijoittelun keskeiset toimijat ovat tuottaja, mainostaja ja yleisö. Tutkielman alussa perehdytään tuotesijoittelun ilmiöön ja muotoihin sekä tehdään lyhyt katsaus länsimaiseen audiovisuaaliseen mediahistoriaan niiltä osin kuin se on pääpiirteissään vaikuttanut tuotesijoittelun kehitykseen. Sen jälkeen perehdytään tuotesijoittelua koskevaan lainsäädäntöön kansallisella ja EU-tasolla sekä tutustutaan tuotesijoittelun valvontaan Suomessa. Tutkimuksen teoreettinen pohja perustuu pääosin kauppa-, viestintä-ja elokuvatieteiden poikkitieteellisille, tuotesijoittelun aihepiiriä koskevalle kirjallisuudelle ja lehtikirjoittelulle. Tutkimuksen tueksi kerätty empiirinen aineisto koostuu seitsemästä suomalaisen media-alan asiantuntijan haastattelusta. Tutkimusmenetelminä ovat teemahaastatteluiden laadulliseen lähilukuun perustuva analyysi ja teemoittelu. Tukea tulkinnoille haetaan populaarikulttuurin tuotesijoittelun toteutuksista elokuvien ja aikakauslehden parista. Tutkimuksen lopussa esitetään malli, joka kuvaa tutkimuksesta esiinnousseita seikkoja tuotesijoittelutoiminnasta, sen toimijoista, mekanismeista, syistä ja reunaehdoista. Mallissa annetaan myös tuotesijoittelun toimintasuositus mainostajatahoja varten. Tutkimus osoittaa, että tuotesijoittelun tärkeimmät toimijat ovat ennakko-oletusten mukaisesti tuottaja, mainostaja ja yleisö. Näiden lisäksi voidaan tutkimuksen perusteella hahmottaa kaksi muuta toimijatahoa. Ensimmäinen näistä on tuottajan kanssa usein yhteistyötä tekevä esittäjä- tai levittäjätaho, joka on taloudellisesti ja juridisesti kytköksissä tuotantoihin, joissa se on mukana. Toinen toimijataho on usein mainostajapuolen kanssa yhteistyötä tekevät brändi- tai viestintäkonsultit, jotka opastavat tuotesijoittelutoiminnassa suhteessa mediakulttuuriin, auttavat näkyvyysneuvotteluissa ja konsultoivat mainostajaa parasta tuotesijoittelun ratkaisua varten. Tutkimus osoittaa lisäksi, että tuotesijoittelun syyt ja motiivit ovat monisyiset ja toimijakohtaiset. Tuottajan ja esittäjän syyt liittyvät yleisöjen miellyttämisen kautta lisääntyneeseen liikevaihtoon sekä tuotesijoittelun kautta parantuvaan mediatuotannon kannattavuuteen. Mainostajan ja brändikonsulttien tuotesijoittelutoiminnan syyt liittyvät brändin hallintaan, myynnin kasvattamiseen ja kuluttajiin vaikuttamiseen. Tuotesijoittelutoiminnan voidaan katsoa olevan muutoksessa; toteutukset ovat yhä enemmän strategisesti harkittuja, kokonaisvaltaisia markkinointiprosesseja, joiden tavoitteena on vaikuttaa katsojiin. Tästä syystä voidaan puhua tuotesijoittelun syventyneen osin mediasisältöjen brändi-integraatioksi.

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Tutkimuksen kohteena oli Finnairin yritysidentiteetin johtamisen onnistuminen. Tutkimusongelmana oli arvioida Finnairin identiteetin johtamisen onnistumista vertaamalla Finnairin kommunikoitua identiteettiä kohderyhmän muodostamaan yrityskuvaan. Tutkimusongelman ratkaisemiseksi pureuduttiin kolmeen osaongelmaan; millainen on Finnairin kommunikoitu identiteetti, millaisen yrityskuvan kohderyhmä on muodostanut Finnairista sekä miten kommunikoitu identiteetti ja yrityskuva eroavat toisistaan. Tutkimuksen teoreettinen perusta pohjautui identiteettityyppien vuorovaikutusta ja niiden välisiä eroja käsittelevään Balmerin AC3ID –teoriakehikkoon sekä sitä täydentävään Balmerin ja Grayn tarkentavaan teoriaan. Tutkimuksessa kerättiin Finnairin kommunikoitua identiteettiä kuvaileva aineisto sekä muodostettiin siitä sisällönanalyysin avulla kohderyhmän mielikuvia mittaavia väittämiä. Kyselytutkimuksessa kartoitettiin kohderyhmän mielikuvat Finnairin kommunikoidun identiteetin sisällöstä. Kyselytutkimuksessa selvinneitä mielikuvia verrattiin kommunikoituun identiteettiin. Tällä saatiin selville, missä määrin kommunikoitu identiteetti ja yrityskuva poikkesivat toisistaan. Finnairin identiteetin johtamisessa oli tutkimuksen perusteella runsaasti kehitettävää. Kohderyhmän muodostama yrityskuva poikkesi vision, kahden arvon sekä brändilupauksen kohdalla kommunikoidusta identiteetistä. Kommunikoidulla identiteetillä ei saavutettu haluttua identiteettiä, eikä sillä onnistuttu viestimään sovittua identiteettiä. Finnair kuitenkin onnistui osittain identiteetin johtamisessa. Kohderyhmän yrityskuva vastasi kommunikoitua identiteettiä yhden arvon sekä mission osalta. Kommunikoidun identiteetin voidaan täten nähdä onnistuneen suhteellisen hyvin ideaalisen identiteetin tavoittelussa.

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Digitalisoituminen on muuttanut kaupankäyntiä merkittävästi viime vuosina. B2B-ostajat käyttävät Internetiä ensisijaisena tiedonlähteenään, ja etenevät itsenäisesti pitkälle ostoprosessissaan. B2B-yritysten markkinoinnin suurin haaste on tuottaa riittävästi laadukkaita liidejä eli tunnistaa potentiaalisia asiakkaitaan. Markkinointiautomaation ja sisältömarkkinoinnin hyödyntäminen ovat keinoja, joiden avulla yritykset voivat saavuttaa liidinsä ja ohjata heitä kohti ostopäätöstä kohdennetun ja oikea-aikaisen viestinnän avulla. Liidien generointia ja yleisesti liidejä käsittelevää akateemista tutkimusta on vähän. Myös digitaalisen markkinoinnin keinojen hyödyntämistä B2B-myynnin tukena on tutkittu hyvin vähän. Tämä tutkimus pyrkiikin tuomaan lisää ymmärrystä näistä aiheista. Tämän tutkielman tavoitteena on selvittää miten B2B-liiketoimintaa harjoittavat yritykset hankkivat uusasiakaskontakteja digitaalisessa toimintaympäristössä. Lisäksi tutkimuksessa selvitetään yritysten keinoja hyödyntää sisältömarkkinointia ja markkinointiautomaatiota osana tätä prosessia. Tutkimus toteutettiin kvalitatiivisena tutkimuksena. Tutkimusta varten haastateltiin yhteensä kuutta eri henkilöä, jotka työskentelevät yrityksissä, jotka harjoittavat B2B-liiketoimintaa ja liidien generointia digitaalisissa kanavissa. Aineisto koostuu kolmesta esihaastattelusta ja kolmesta case-haastattelusta. Aineisto kerättiin teemahaastatteluina, ja aineisto analysoitiin faktanäkökulmaa hyödyntäen. Tutkimuksessa havaittiin, että yritykset käyttävät pääosin digitaalisia menetelmiä generoidessaan liidejä, koska ne ovat perinteisiä menetelmiä kustannustehokkaampia esimerkiksi kohdennettavuutensa vuoksi. Merkittävimpiä menetelmiä ovat hakukonemarkkinointi, sosiaalinen media, mainonta, sisältömarkkinointi ja markkinointiautomaatio. Tutkimuksen johtopäätöksinä voidaan esittää, että sisältömarkkinoinnin ja markkinointiautomaation integroiminen osaksi liidiengenerointiprosessia tuo yritykselle huomattavaa hyötyä. Kyseessä on kuitenkin oppimisprosessi, joka edellyttää pitkäjänteisyyttä. Yritys saa potentiaaliset asiakkaansa tunnistautumaan tuottamalla näille arvoa tuottavaa sisältöä ja välittämällä sitä esimerkiksi sosiaalisen median kanavissa. Tunnistamalla potentiaaliset asiakkaansa ja välittämällä näille lisää relevanttia sisältöä, yritys voi markkinointiautomaatiota hyödyntäen ohjata heitä kohti ostopäätöstä