Enfoques did??cticos y organizativos de la Educaci??n Especial

Se aborda la Educaci??n Especial desde varios ??mbitos: conceptualizaci??n, curr??culum, organizaci??n, formaci??n de profesionales para la atenci??n a la diversidad, etc. El primer bloque expone los diferentes conceptos de Educaci??n Especial, una persectiva hist??rica de su evoluci??n hasta llegar a una reconceptualizaci??n del t??rmino m??s acorde con los nuevas exigencias educativas que plantea la sociedad; se expone el marco de las ciencias que fundamentan la Educaci??n Especial. La segunda parte de este bloque hace un estudio del sujeto con necesidades educativas especiales y ofrece un marco legal al respecto. El segundo bloque aborda el estudio del curr??culum especial, dise??o, desarrollo y niveles del curr??culum, desde la perspectiva de la atenci??n a los alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales, profundizando en los diferentes niveles de intervenci??n, an??lisis de los documentos y propuestas oficiales y otras propuestas de intervenci??n concretas. En un tercer bloque se desarrollan los aspectos organizativos y funcionales; se tienen en cuenta los factores personales (alumnos, profesionales y familia), funcionales (espacio y tiempo) y materiales; se estudian varios modelos organizativos de integraci??n, la organizaci??n del profesorado y la intervenci??n orientadora. El bloque cuarto est?? dedicado a la formaci??n de profesionales, tanto inicial como permanente, para la atenci??n a la diversidad, practicums en la formaci??n inicial, modelos de formaci??n, perfil del profesor, etc.

Primeros pasos en Competencias Clave : Ciencias, Idioma (Ingl??s), Lengua, Matem??ticas y Tecnolog??as de la Inform??tica y la Comunicaci??n

Resumen basado en la publicaci??n

Propuestas metodol??gicas para la ense??anza de las lenguas extranjeras : texto dram??tico y representaci??n teatral

El volumen reproduce las comunicaciones, conferencias y talleres presentados en estas Jornadas, dedicadas al estudio de los textos dram??ticos y de las representaciones teatrales con fines did??cticos, en las que profesionales de Universidades extranjeras y espa??olas proponen sus m??todos para la ense??anza de las lenguas francesa, inglesa, portuguesa e italiana. Est?? dirigido a profesores de lenguas extranjeras y de teatro y a estudiantes de estas materias, abordando aspectos metodol??gicos actuales y enfoques did??cticos innovadores en el campo de la ense??anza y el aprendizaje de idiomas. La obra se divide en tres apartados tem??ticos: texto dram??tico y explotaci??n did??ctica para la ense??anza de lenguas extranjeras; dramatizaci??n en lengua extranjera como recurso metodol??gico; texto y representaci??n teatral en lengua extranjera: an??lisis hist??rico.

La ense??anza de la lectura en Europa : contextos, pol??ticas y pr??cticas

En la cub.: "Red Espa??ola de Informaci??n sobre Educaci??n"

Enfoques y modelos de educaci??n patrimonial en programas significativos de OEPE

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Metodolog??a did??ctica y tecnolog??a educativa en el desarrollo de las competencias cognitivas : aplicaci??n en contextos universitarios

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Pluriling??ismo y enfoques plurales : el caso de Alemania

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

La traducci??n pedag??gica en la ense??anza del espa??ol como lengua extranjera a estudiantes japoneses : propuesta de unidades did??cticas para trabajar algunos aspectos problem??ticos de la ense??anza del verbo

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Estudio exploratorio de la relaci?n did?ctica-traducci?n en la ense?anza de lenguas extranjeras. [recurso electr?nico]

Resumen: A pesar de que la traducci?n ha experimentado una lenta rehabilitaci?n en el aula de L.E. gracias a la aparici?n de los enfoques comunicativos, nocionales-funcionales, la reticencia hacia un uso consciente de la traducci?n en el aprendizaje y en la ense?anza de lenguas extranjeras a?n sigue latente. Esta monograf?a se propone presentar los resultados del estudio exploratorio sobre las propuestas del uso de la traducci?n pedag?gica en un lapso de 30 a?os, con el fin de abogar por la inclusi?n de esta herramienta en la formaci?n profesional en did?ctica de las lenguas extranjeras, dado que se evidenci? un uso recurrente pero poco sistematizado de la traducci?n pedag?gica de manera que la traducci?n y la did?ctica compartan la misma dimensi?n pedag?gica.

[factors Impacting The Growth And Nutritional Status Of Cystic Fibrosis Patients Younger Than 10 Years Of Age Who Did Not Undergo Neonatal Screening.]

The aim of this study was to evaluate by clinical and laboratory parameters how cystic fibrosis (CF) affects growth and nutritional status of children who were undergoing CF treatment but did not receive newborn screening. A historical cohort study of 52 CF patients younger than 10 years of age were followed in a reference center in Campinas, Southeast Brazil. Anthropometric measurements were abstracted from medical records until March/2010, when neonatal screening program was implemented. Between September/2009 and March/2010, parental height of the 52 CF patients were also measured. Regarding nutritional status, four patients had Z-scores ≤ -2 for height/age (H/A) and body mass index/age (BMI/A). The following variables were associated with improved H/A ratio: fewer hospitalizations, longer time from first appointment to diagnosis, longer time from birth to diagnosis and later onset of respiratory disease. Forced vital capacity [FVC(%)], forced expiratory flow between 25-75% of FVC [FEF25-75(%)], forced expiratory volume in the first second [FEV1(%)], gestational age, birth weight and early respiratory symptoms were associated with IMC/A. Greater number of hospitalizations, diagnosis delay and early onset of respiratory disease had a negative impact on growth. Lower spirometric values, lower gestational age, lower birth weight, and early onset of respiratory symptoms had negative impact on nutritional status. Malnutrition was observed in 7.7% of cases, but 23% of children had nutritional risk.

Treatment with paracetamol, ketorolac or etoricoxib did not hinder alveolar bone healing: a histometric study in rats

Prostaglandins control osteoblastic and osteoclastic function under physiological or pathological conditions and are important modulators of the bone healing process. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) activity and consequently prostaglandins synthesis. Experimental and clinical evidence has indicated a risk for reparative bone formation related to the use of non-selective (COX-1 and COX-2) and COX-2 selective NSAIDs. Ketorolac is a non-selective NSAID which, at low doses, has a preferential COX-1 inhibitory effect and etoricoxib is a new selective COX-2 inhibitor. Although literature data have suggested that ketorolac can interfere negatively with long bone fracture healing, there seems to be no study associating etoricoxib with reparative bone formation. Paracetamol/acetaminophen, one of the first choices for pain control in clinical dentistry, has been considered a weak anti-inflammatory drug, although supposedly capable of inhibiting COX-2 activity in inflammatory sites. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether paracetamol, ketorolac and etoricoxib can hinder alveolar bone formation, taking the filling of rat extraction socket with newly formed bone as experimental model. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The degree of new bone formation inside the alveolar socket was estimated two weeks after tooth extraction by a differential point-counting method, using an optical microscopy with a digital camera for image capture and histometry software. Differences between groups were analyzed by ANOVA after confirming a normal distribution of sample data. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Histometric results confirmed that none of the tested drugs had a detrimental effect in the volume fraction of bone trabeculae formed inside the alveolar socket.

Incidental Encoding Strategies Did Not Improve Contextual Memory in Parkinson`s Disease Patients

Background. This study investigated the performance of patients with idiopathic Parkinson`s disease (PD) without dementia for incidental recognition memory and the effect of encoding strategies on contextual memory. Methods. The authors studied 21 patients with PD (ages 60-85, 12 women; Hoehn and Yahr I-III, Activities of Daily Living 70%-100%) and 22 healthy controls (ages 60-84, 18 women). Participants completed the vocabulary subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). To assess the incidental recognition memory for item (object) and context (location of the object), participants of each group were assigned to 1 of 2 encoding conditions: (a) an incidental associative instruction to bind the object to its location or (b) a nonassociative, nonspecific instruction. Results. PD patients showed performance comparable to the control group`s on the vocabulary subtest and WCST. In contrast to controls, PD patients were unable to take advantage of the associative encoding instruction, which also had a deleterious effect on item recognition. Conclusion. This sample of participants with PD showed diminished item and context recognition memory and an impaired ability to use incidental memory encoding strategy, suggesting a compromised cognitive reserve. The fact that these alterations occurred in early stages of PD, and prior to more general cognitive alterations such as executive dysfunction, should be considered in the management of patients by using specific cognitive rehabilitation interventions.

THERAPEUTIC ULTRASOUND DID NOT INCREASE THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FLEXOR TENDONS AFTER THEIR REPAIR

Objective: Experimental study idealized to investigate the mechanical properties of deep flexor tendons of rabbits that underwent the tenotomy followed by tenorrhaphy and early application of therapeutic ultrasound with different intensities, in comparison to tendons submitted to tenorrhaphy only. Material and Method: Forty-four rabbits were divided into four experimental groups according to the ultrasound application. They were all submitted to a section of deep flexor tendon in zone 2 and immobilized with an orthosis maintained throughout the experiment. Group A received ultrasonic treatment with an intensity of 1.4 W/cm(2), group B with 0.6 W/cm(2), both in continuous mode, group C with 0.6 W/cm(2) SATA, in pulsated mode at 50% and group D did not receive any ultrasonic treatment. The ultrasonic frequency employed was 1 MHz. After euthanasia, the tendons were dissected and submitted to the mechanical test of traction and qualitative histological analysis. The evaluated mechanical properties were: maximum force, deformation in maximum force and stiffness. Results: There were no statistically significant differences among the experimental groups. Conclusion: Therapeutic ultrasound did not improve the mechanical properties of the flexor tendons after repair.