Direitos fundamentais sociais no Brasil: desafios e mecanismos para sua concretização

The work referred to above, in order to contribute to the legal issues, economic, political and social of the violation of social rights, performs even firmer approach to various implementation mechanisms of social rights in Brazil. Therefore, it begins the study dealing with aspects and important characters of the rights under discussion, as its normative forecast, concept, classifications; respect of social rights with the existential minimum; the principle of reservation of the possible and the need to use this principle as optimization commandment of state resources and the deficit of the realization of social rights in the country. This, in later chapters, in an interdisciplinary approach, challenges and proposals for the realization of social rights by bringing in each chapter, mechanisms for such implementation. That way, as a general objective, it has been to contribute to the discussed problems, when present proposals for the realization of social rights in the Brazilian context. As specific objectives, as well as record the key aspects of the rights in allusion, the one has to promote the perspective of economic development and taxation as posts instruments that the State must be focused on the promotion of social rights by registering in this context that nonexistent economic development without reducing poverty, misery and social inequality and adding that there should be a directly proportional relationship between the tax burden in the country and the human and social development index; analyze the achievement of budget control as essential and healthy measure for the realization of social rights; highlight the importance of society to the achievement of unavailable social interests, affirming the need for the implementation of participatory democracy and, in this line, brings knowledge of the Constitution and the constitutional sense as elements that provide the constitutional progress. Finally, it presents a study on public policies, considering that these are equivalent to the primary means of the promotion of social rights. That way it analyzes the stages that integrate public policies, ranging from the perception of social problems for evaluation and control of the policies implemented; debate about the administrative discretion in when it comes to public policies; brings the classification of essential public policies, the relationship of these with the existential minimum, control parameters and, finally, the legalization of public policy, regarded as legitimate to remedy the unconstitutional state failure and give normative effectiveness and strength to the defining constitutional rules for fundamental social rights. It uses to achieve the objectives outlined, the bibliographic and normative approach method and performs an analysis of jurisprudence related understandings to matter. In the conclusions, it rescues the most important aspects elucidated at work, with the aim of giving emphasis to the proposals and mechanisms that contribute to the solution of the discussed problems.

A implantação do emissor de cupom fiscal no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte e sua repercussão na arrecadação do ICMS

The present paper has aimed the analysis of a real instrument which offers great impact in the ICMS revenue: The Fiscal Voucher Emitting Equipment (ECF). In this sense, the effects of the commercial automation process in Rio Grande do Norte s ICMS revenue between 2000 and 2006 were investigated. Based on this goal, the methodology adopted was characterized as a study of quantitative, exploratory-qualitative nature, through the collecting of secondary data, provided by the State Taxation Bureau (SET). In the absence of a statistic model in the existing literature about the approached theme, we decided for the elaboration of a suitable model, with tables and graphics. As a way to observe the effects of these programs on the revenue, the comparison between the ECF users and non users, in the same period, has proved to be of great importance. We reached the conclusion that even though the growth rates amongst the activities that use the ECF had ascended in tributary revenue in the related years, from 2004 on, with the introduction of TEF, this participation presented a higher growth, which leads us to suppose that the use of this recent instrument provides a significant impact in the State effective revenue. We stand out that the collected amounts could have been even higher, if the level of adhesion to the instrument had not been so low, mainly amongst the minor entrepreneurs, which may mean a rooted defraudation in the system. In short, through the set of data obtained, it is possible to conclude that the ECF and the recent TEF have significantly influenced the ICMS revenue in the entire State all over the period that was analyzed

A concorrência fiscal num contexto de competitividade

Dissertação de Mestrado em Fiscalidade

O Plano Diretor como instrumento de gestão da cidade: o caso da cidade de Fortaleza/CE

According to article 182 of the Brazilian Federal Constitution, cities should perform social function, what brings the concept that the city should be a place for one to live well. For that to happen, it should be well administered by its public managers. However, so that there is a sound administration, one that really performs that social function, there must be, first, an efficient planning. We understand that such a thing occurs when the master plan is the main planning instrument of a city and serves as basis for its administration. We notice, however, that in most of the cities the master plan is formulated as a law that regulates urban planning but that both the population and the government most of the times are not aware of its importance concerning the relevant issues related to municipal administration, such as its relationship with the economy, taxation, the social issue, land use regulation, and, in summary, with all the aspects that constitute and that a municipal government should manage in the best possible way. One also knows that, in general, the attempt of city planning has always been connected to the duration of a mandate and that way public managers many times implement restricted measures aiming to just attain a political-electoral objective and publicizing their administration. That implies actions and works that in some cases have negative impacts or ones that cannot be removed from the cities. This study intends to show that the master plan should be the planning instrument guiding the municipal administration but that, however, what we note is a lack of connection between that instrument and the government guidelines of the municipal managers. In order to study what happens to the cities that have a planning which is not taken into account in its administration, we will use the city of Fortaleza, capital of the State of Ceará as a case study. Historically, in Fortaleza the public managers have seldom decided to administer the city in according to the master plans developed for it. We should emphasize that planning begins in the city quite late and until the current days it is being substituted by temporary measures. Through the analysis of the planning process and of the urban management of the city of Fortaleza, especially the master plans predicted since 1933, we explain that if such plans had been implemented, they could have been important tools for its administration to attain a social function, becoming therefore a place for one to live well

Dos prejuízos no regime de participation exemption: a relação entre estabelecimento estável e filial

Mestrado em Fiscalidade

Comércio electrónico - O tratamento contabilístico e fiscal das transacções via comércio electrómico

Mestrado em Contabilidade Internacional

Desafios interculturais na internacionalização de uma marca

Com a crise económica que se vive hoje em dia, com a luta constante pela sobrevivência no mercado e com a competitividade no tecido empresarial, a maioria das empresas optou pela internacionalização. Assim, com o intuito de analisar os desafios inerentes à comercialização e produção na internacionalização de uma marca, pretendo neste artigo analisar os países nórdicos, com especial destaque para a Finlândia. Internacionalizar significa exportar um produto/serviço, mas também, adquirir uma estratégia operacional sustentada na criação de valores e no relacionamento económico permanente com o exterior, independentemente da forma de estratégia escolhida pela empresa. Esta pode trazer benefícios (ou não) para uma empresa. Contudo, a internacionalização não traz apenas benefícios, pois existem vários desafios inerentes, a que o setor empresarial tem de estar atento e adaptar-se. O mercado internacional é muito exigente e experiente e as empresas nacionais vão ter que se ajustar, de forma a competir, com as empresas que estão voltadas para os conhecimentos mais aprofundados e integrados. É essencial aprender a pensar globalmente, mas também agindo localmente. De forma a colmatar esta lacuna, as empresas nacionais vão ser obrigadas a apostar em diferentes formas de competitividade, tais como a diferenciação, cultura, inovação, eficiência de custos e, em particular, a sua dimensão crítica. Este último aspeto, a dimensão critica, é o mais utilizado em projetos conjuntos de cooperação internacional. Isto é, os promotores agregam-se em complementaridade de competências e criação de sinergias, de forma a potenciar e aumentar a competitividade. Quanto aos incentivos fiscais à internacionalização, estes surgem como um dos instrumentos privilegiados de apoio ao investimento, numa estratégia de internacionalização sólida e planeada. A internacionalização inclui o capital para investir, a demonstração do interesse estratégico da economia portuguesa, a viabilidade técnica e a económico-financeira, com o intuito de não se localizarem em zonas fracas ou em países, territórios e regiões com regimes de tributação privilegiada, e ainda, não implicarem ema diminuição de postos de trabalho em Portugal.

Execução fiscal: eficiência e experiência comparada

Faz uma comparação entre o sistema brasileiro de execução fiscal e o de seis países selecionados: França, Alemanha, Estados Unidos da América (EUA), México, Chile e Argentina. Mediante comparação, busca-se entender se de fato há uma ineficiência crônica no modelo brasileiro e identificar experiências internacionais que permitam aprimorar esse quadro.

A implantação do emissor de cupom fiscal no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte e sua repercussão na arrecadação do ICMS

The present paper has aimed the analysis of a real instrument which offers great impact in the ICMS revenue: The Fiscal Voucher Emitting Equipment (ECF). In this sense, the effects of the commercial automation process in Rio Grande do Norte s ICMS revenue between 2000 and 2006 were investigated. Based on this goal, the methodology adopted was characterized as a study of quantitative, exploratory-qualitative nature, through the collecting of secondary data, provided by the State Taxation Bureau (SET). In the absence of a statistic model in the existing literature about the approached theme, we decided for the elaboration of a suitable model, with tables and graphics. As a way to observe the effects of these programs on the revenue, the comparison between the ECF users and non users, in the same period, has proved to be of great importance. We reached the conclusion that even though the growth rates amongst the activities that use the ECF had ascended in tributary revenue in the related years, from 2004 on, with the introduction of TEF, this participation presented a higher growth, which leads us to suppose that the use of this recent instrument provides a significant impact in the State effective revenue. We stand out that the collected amounts could have been even higher, if the level of adhesion to the instrument had not been so low, mainly amongst the minor entrepreneurs, which may mean a rooted defraudation in the system. In short, through the set of data obtained, it is possible to conclude that the ECF and the recent TEF have significantly influenced the ICMS revenue in the entire State all over the period that was analyzed

Previsão de recursos na Lei Orçamentária de 2016 para projetos de lei de criação de cargos e funções na Justiça do Trabalho

Analisa aspectos da criação de cargos em diversos órgãos no âmbito da Justiça do Trabalho, que foram examinados pela Comissão de Trabalho, Administração e Serviço Público e que encontram-se na Comissão de Finanças e Tributação, aguardando o pronunciamento do colegiado.

O imposto sobre as transações financeiras : uma iniciativa europeia não consensual

Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças Empresariais

Produção de pellets de madeira no Brasil : estratégia, custo e risco do investimento

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais, 2015.

O esverdeamento da economia e os tributos verdes : um duro caminho rumo à sustentabilidade da gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU)

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, 2013.

The introduction of a financial transaction tax in Italy

Mestrado em Finanças