856 resultados para Brasil. Estatuto da criança e do adolescente


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This research aims to analyze the punitive pathway taken by youth for committing acts of offense in Fortaleza, capital city of Ceará, in Brazil. Therefore, we focus the analysis in institutions that mark the beginning of punitive “institutionalization” of youth in the city, such as the Child and Adolescent Specialized Police Precinct, the Luis Barros Montenegro Shelter Unit, the Public Prosecutor’s Office for Childhood and Youth, and the Child and Youth Court. Ethnography and semi-structured interviews were used as methodological tools to approach the research subjects and relevant places for the research, seeking to highlight their punitive perspective. As a result, we find that the punishment and control imposed in such loci are an extension of the punishment and control used against these same youths in society. Considering that the analyzed institutions exist in society and are composed by its members, they do not surpass the perspective of repression, control and punishment carried out towards a segment of the population, especially towards those that Souza (2011; 2012) called “subcitizens”.

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This study presents the issue of Children and Youth sexual violence from a critical eye in assessing the actions of the organs of defense and protection in cases of sexual abuse against children and adolescents in the city of Natal / RN. We aimed to perform this evaluation from the investigation of 05 cases of child and adolescent victims of sexual abuse that were answered by Precinct Specializing in Defense of Children and Adolescents (DCA), considering the service flow of cases, the articulation between the organs that make up System Warranty rights (SGD), the record of the complaint, as well as the elapsed time between the record of the complaint and the accountability of the offender. Thus, the present study consists in an analysis from the quantitative and qualitative theoretical-methodological approach assuming 'sexual violence in their social, historical, cultural, legal and economic dimensions. The route established between the knowledge about the object and the method of analysis involved: literature about the conceptual discussion on sexual violence, analyzing quantitative data provided by DCA, as well as semi-structured interviews with victims and those responsible for the professionals working in institutions of the defense agencies. Is apprehended in this study that the situations of violence against children is a multifaceted phenomenon that has expressions from ancient societies, assuming a peculiarity in contemporary society to consider the juvenile population as subjects of rights. Furthermore, it was possible to identify the lack of effectiveness, with respect to the actions of the organs of defense in intervention situations of sexual abuse now investigated as yet not actually configure a process of articulation between these bodies from the perspective of ensuring rights and break the cycle of violence.

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Childhood and adolescence care has frequently caused theoretical and methodological discussions. At national level, the way of dealing with this public has always been on the agenda, either by maintaining a paternalistic treatment, or by coercive and repressive expression with which this public is treated. Given the above, this research presents a thorough study of social policies focused on children and adolescents in Brazil, with the overall purpose of investigating how this process of implementation of public policies for poor children and adolescents in the state of Rio Grande do Norte was. In previous studies, it was identified that there are no official records regarding the policy implementation process for this population in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. A retrospective study about the care towards children and adolescents in Brazil was held. It ranged from the XXVIII century, through the period of assistance, until the historical period in which the child started to be considered from the perspective of a policy. Thus, a certain period was framed, so that, through the historical research method, this study could focus on gathering data about the attention focused on childhood and adolescence in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, between the years 1964 and 1988. Data was listed from newspaper files that circulated in the state during period mentioned above. This time framing corresponds to the regency of the National Policy of Child Welfare. In the state of Rio Grande do Norte, the implementation of institutions such as FUNBERN and then FEBEM did not differ from the national standard, since many projects and care programs for poor children and teenagers were executed in this period. The implementation of these institutions revealed the concern of the state in solving the problem of “minors” regarding to situations of abandonment or "delinquency" which they were involved with. However, the kind of protection provided by the state toward this population was based on the current ideology that supported the political system at the time: the military dictatorship. Thus, the main way to provide care to this population was through its institutionalization, through taking children to daycare centres and adolescents to “reeducational” institutes for “minors”.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the assistance for the female adolescents perpetrators of offences in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. Through the Thematic Oral History and Documentary Analysis methods, we sought to uncover historical aspects of the work provided in women’s units of the Fundação dos Direitos das Crianças e Adolescentes (FUNDAC) [Foundation for the Rights of Children and Adolescents], from the experiences of professionals who have worked in these units since the beginning of their activities. For this, we made visits to FUNDAC and the Centro Educacional Padre João Maria (CEDUC) [Educational Center Father João Maria], to identify professionals who could participate in the study, as well as institutional documents on routine of treatment. Eight professionals were found from three identified units: Granja Santana, Instituto Padre João Maria and CEDUC, who were interviewed according to a semi-structured script. The analysis of the collected material is supported in Marxian theory and feminist perspective on the sexual division of labor. The results are organized into five areas of analysis: (1) the creation of the service units; (2) the deviant “behavior”: reasons for institutionalization of female adolescents; (3) educational proposal: a female version; service strategies and; the rules and punishment: the domesticated teenage girl. The study indicates that the commission of the offense by the female adolescents in state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) has been associated with the conduct of their families, particularly their mothers. Moreover, in general, service strategies, educational proposals, disciplinary measures were and have been developed based on the naturalization of what is female. Therefore, the assistance to adolescent girls in RN, those thirty-five years, left intact the existing hierarchy in social relations between the sexes, it reproduced the subordination of female adolescents in the juvenile justice system.

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Apresenta-se a metodologia de intervenção promovida no Centro de Acolhimento Casa do lnfantado, enquanto resposta social dirigida a crianças vítimas de maus tratos, abandono e outras situações de risco e desproteção sócio-familiar. Enfatiza-se o estatuto da criança como sujeito de direitos e na qualidade de cidadã, e das responsabilidades parentais, no contexto da legislação internacional e nacional.

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Este audiolivro foi gravado no aplicativo Balabolka, com o uso da voz Microsoft Heloísa.

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Seminário realizado pela Comissão de Finanças e Tributação da Câmara dos Deputados, com a participação da Comissão de Assuntos Econômicos do Senado Federal e apoio da Frente Parlamentar Mista das Micro e Pequenas Empresas, com o objetivo de "sintetizar as propostas acumuladas pela sociedade, com relação aos projetos que tramitam na Câmara dos Deputados e no Senado Federal acerca das possíveis alterações na Lei Complementar no 123/2006".

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Consultoria Legislativa - Área XI - Meio Ambiente e Direito Ambiental, Organização Territorial, Desenvolvimento Urbano e Regional.

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Consultoria Legislativa - Área VII - Sistema Financeiro, Direito Comercial, Econômico e Defesa do Consumidor

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Consultoria Legislativa - Área XV - Educação, Cultura e Desporto.

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Consultoria Legislativa - Área XV - Educação, Cultura, Desporto, Ciência e Tecnologia.

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Consultoria Legislativa - Área XV - Educação, Cultura, Desporto, Ciência e Tecnologia.

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Estudo sobre o Plenarinho, portal infanto-juvenil da Câmara dos Deputados. O Plenarinho desenvolve ações educomunicativas voltadas à educação política de crianças de sete a 14 anos por meio de estratégias de comunicação dirigida e aproximativa. Uma dessas ações é o Eleitor Mirim - edição 2010 aqui enfocado, projeto implementado nos anos eleitorais por meio do incentivo e orientação para práticas pedagógicas por professores do ensino fundamental. As temáticas abordadas são política, democracia, cidadania e legislativo. Os dados são aqui analisados por meio de abordagens e técnicas metodológicas da análise de conteúdo e da teoria fundamentada nos dados. Busca-se em conhecimentos teóricos de diferentes áreas, referências para a compreensão do problema estudado. Nesse sentido, a mídia-educação e a educomunicação são analisadas devido ao perfil do projeto e dada a centralidade da mídia na formação cultural brasileira. Estas áreas de estudo também contribuem para a percepção da inter-relação entre educação e da comunicação, e do potencial formativo e esclarecedor da leitura crítica dos meios e da apropriação destes no meio escolar. Outro campo teórico utilizado é a cultura política, com ênfase à vertente culturalista. Esta área contribui para o entendimento dos processos relacionados à formação dos conhecimentos, crenças e sentimentos que conformam os valores políticos. A função principal dessa vertente está na identificação de quais valores são mais relevantes para a manutenção e fortalecimento da democracia. Essa mesma intenção está presente no terceiro campo teórico presente neste estudo - educação política. Esta linha de estudo justifica os esforços realizados pela Câmara dos Deputados por meio do projeto Plenarinho, pois apresentam a educação política como uma regra da coletividade perante cada indivíduo. Essa prática é apontada como imprescindível para a formação do cidadão ativo e para o aprimoramento da democracia.

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Aborda a possibilidade de a legislação limitar o uso de determinados calibres de armas de fogo exclusivamente para as forças de segurança, aí incluídas, por extensão, as empresas de segurança privada. Analisa a legislação existente, inclusive algumas de direito comparado, bem como as proposições pertinentes apresentadas na Câmara dos Deputados. Discute quais seriam ou deveriam ser os critérios utilizados para a definição dessas armas de calibre de uso exclusivo, partindo dos pressupostos insertos no Estatuto do desarmamento e considerando os cenários de atuação das forças da União e dos Estados.