SILVINO JACQUES OR CHRONIC HERO brigand BRAZIL-PARAGUAY AT THE BORDER

This work has as its main purpose to address the literary narrative Silvino Jacques: O último dos bandoleiros by Brígido Ibanhes, which shuffles literary genres, as a mixture of historical account and poetic and / or fictional prose.  The approach consists of the analysis of the stated and enunciation plans of the composition, understanding, therefore, the textual tessitura and the consequent reading of the theme according to protagonist narrator plot, Silvino Jacques, who is seen as a hero / anti-hero character of the Romanesque saga. For both, the methodological perspective seeks to elaborate a reflection subsidized in the field of comparative literature, particularly in theoretical and critical texts of historiography and literary, since search thus retrieve the literary and cultural trajectory of a subject with wide projection in Western literature, articulated to the regional interculturality of Brazil vs. Paraguay border in highlighted dialogue with different cultural places.  It is, ultimately, a construction of reading bolstered by the practice of Intertextuality, as the own corpus of analysis, comes from the dialogue with a previous text, Décimas Gaúchas, assigned to the "brigand" Silvino Jacques, and linked to the popular Songbook.

A LITTLE HISTORY OF LINGUISTIC IN BRAZIL: INTERVIEW WITH JOSÉ BORGES NETO

We are pleased to present this edition of the journal Language & Letters, interview courtesy Professor José Borges Neto, researcher recognized for the excellent work that develops in Linguistics with an emphasis in Philosophy of Language. Professor holds a degree in Literature from the Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (1972), MA in Linguistics from the State University of Campinas (1979) and PhD in Linguistics from the State University of Campinas (1991). Professor of the Federal University of Paraná between 1999 and 2010. Retired in 2010, continues to serve as Senior Lecturer in the Graduate Program in Linguistics UFPR and a senior professor at Unioeste in the period 2012-2016. Has experience in the area of ​​linguistics, with an emphasis on semantics, acting on the following topics: Epistemology of Linguistics, Linguistics Historiography, Formal Semantics and Categorial Grammars.

Paraná in the guidebook: a cultural markers analysis

Even nowadays, with the access to information through the internet or even by means of apps on the cellphone, the market of printed tourist guidebooks, as a way of advertising tourist destinations, continues to work. In a global scope, one of the most recognized publishing companies is Lonely Planet, with publications about a great number of destinations, in until 11 languages, commercialized in various parts of the world. One of its theme is Brazil. The titles Brazil (2013), in Portuguese, Brasil (2014) and in the Italian guidebook, Brasile (2014) were selected. The manuals were analyzed in a post-doctorate research entitled, “Analyzes of tourist guidebooks about Brazil in the light of the Translation Studies Based on Corpus”. However, the analyzed chapters are just the ones that make up the South of Brazil, that is, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. The aim was to analyze the cultural markers with the highest level of keyness, presented in them and its respective translations in the guidebooks in Portuguese and in Italian. Nevertheless, for this article just the chapters referring to Paraná were selected. The theoretical basis were the Corpus Linguistic (Berber Sardinha, 2004), the Translation Studies Based on Corpus (BAKER, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2000; CAMARGO, 2005, 2007a, 2007b), as well as the studies about cultural markers (AUBERT, 1981, 1995, 2006). It was noted that even on the source language corpus there were markers in Portuguese language, such as “Curitiba” and “Iguaçu”, whereas the toponyms are quite frequent in this textual genre.

Letter of discovery of Brazil: bodies, sexuality and power

This essay, starting from the description of the indigenous in the letter of discovery of Brazil of Pero Vaz de Caminha (1500), tries to define the clear tensions in the relationship between the first seafarers went to Brazil and the local population.It will be defined the relationship with the otherness, starting from the bodies, in their double function: they are at the same time filter (the eye of the colonizer) and filtered (the bodies of the colonized). It will be analyzed the way the sensorial perception can contribute to the construction of the representation of the world.  The description of the bodies and the perception of them, that the Portuguese writer will give though his own senses, will be the basis to observe the relation of the power and the tensions between colonizers and colonized, tensions that will persist in the future Brazilian society. Finally starting from the production of desire that this bodies excite and from the relationship between genders, will be speculated the function of sexuality in the society and the way the the power tries control it for its strengthness and establishment. The perception of the body will be also the reason to analyze the representation that the Portuguese writer will give of the otherness as being or as existing being.  

A DISCURSIVE STUDY ON STATEMENTS THAT ROCKED THE BRAZIL IN 2013 YEAR

This paper aims to take a discursive study upon two widely repeated statements in the streets of Brazilian cities in June, 2013, when the rise of urban transportation costs caused popular demonstrations to begin. However, this rise of rates seems to have served as a mere trigger to mobilize citizens to add up other agendas to the demonstrations, such as the right to health, education, good public safety, as well as the corruption installed in the country. Thus, we sought to verify the effects of erupted in the statements “Come to the streets” and “The Giant has woken up”, used to summon the citizens subject to the fight and to leave the state of moral inertia to them history. From our point of view, these statements are a discursive event, because slip of a discursive domain to another and produce effects of citizenship and that another country was possible. In addition, they attest to the ideology material character in the language and operation of discursive memory, which enables not only the memory and repetition, but also the refutation and oblivion. By this bias, we take the city not as territorial extension, but as a large text that is given to read, that is, as a symbolic space in which history and the language are linked producing senses determined by application of the subject in memory networks and that claim by interpreting gestures.

A fé contra o crime: A bakhtinian analysis of the image of evangelicals in Brazil in the cover of Veja magazine

The present paper, based on the concept of surplus of vision discussed in some works of the bakhtinian Circle, as, mainly Bakhtin (2010a) and Bakhtin (2010b), has the main aim to analyse the image of evangelicals in a cover delivered by Veja magazine from the bakhtinian categories of exotopy, otherness and expressive intonation and, consequently, the meaning effects resulting from them. Therefore, anchored by the perspective of Bakhtinian Studies (BS), we analysed the magazine cover, seeking to apprehend the meanings constructed by this genre of verb-visual basis. To the constitution of the corpus of analysis, we selected the cover of the edition 1555, published on July, 15, 1998, entitled A fé contra o crime: Numa cruzada em presídios e redutos de traficantes, os evangélicos estão convertendo bandidos em soldados de Jesus, to analyse in which way the magazine, from its discursive place, appropriates the image of the evangelicals and represents it with its intonations in its statements. From the analysis, we can state that Veja constructs an image that tends to the homogenization of the evangelicals in Brazil, from its surplus of vision, with its tone of sarcasm, prejudice and vilification of this group, attempting to position the consumer/reader of Veja against the protestant sphere. The conclusion of this research, therefore, is that the exotopic position assumed by Veja with regard to its otherness, the evangelical discursive sphere, articulates axiologic aprehensions materialized in the form of intonation on the cover of the magazine that we analysed, disseminating, with the character of truth, the protestant group as integrant of mere dualities. Although the cover figures the group as an agent of change in society, this change gets the intonation by the magazine so that it seems false or, at least, incomplete, which equips the Veja readers of mistrust and, therefore, discredit to the actions of the discussed discursive sphere.

INTERDISCURSIVE CONFIGURATION OF COOPERATIVE MOVEMENT IN BRAZIL

The current study has two complementary aims. On the one hand, it was to develop a semiotic analysis under a perspective of the interdircourse; on the other hand, it was to study the structure and functioning of the discourse and the discursive pratictice of the two most important cooperative currents in Brazil nowadays, the Solidarity Economy and the Official Cooperativism and verify the interdiscursive relationship which is at the basis of its constitution. For this, it was analyzed some doctrinal texts of both movements, which socially have different kinds of conflicts, including the discursive. The results have shown that a discourse is the opposite of the other. Therefore, while the Official Cooperativism emphasizes economic success and keeps relationships with the discourse of capitalist companies, the Solidarity Economy adopts the point of view of fighting against social inequalities, establishing a discontinuous relationship with the capitalist discourse. 

ACROSS GENRES: JOHN DOS PASSOS’S BRAZIL ON THE MOVE

This article analyses how John Dos Passos’s Brazil on the Move (1963) exemplifies the conventions of travel writing, on the one hand, and how it departs from them, on the other, in its representation of a foreign country and of its culture. I intend to discuss the relevance of this combination of literary genres in this book, considering the writer’s background, his writing techniques and the ideology/ies underlying his work.

Variation and education in Linguistic Atlas of Brazil

This article focuses on one of the aspects treated in the project Linguistic Atlas of Brazil (ALiB Project) – the teaching of Brazilian Portuguese language. Therefore, this paper investigates how individuals’ language presents specific linguistic marks that construct, maintain and project the diversity in the questionnaire of the ALiB Project, based on the use of the linguistic variation. Thereby, it deals with the importance of linguistic atlas for the education process, highlighting the publication of some Brazilian regional atlas and the linguistic atlas of Brazil. Thus, it discusses the relevant contribution of these works to the knowledge of the linguistic reality in Brazil, as the atlas can optimize and motivate classroom activities and they can also be explored by other subjects of school curriculum. The methodology used was based on the performance of the following stages: 1) reading of the theoretical texts related to the proposed theme; 2) choice and formation of the corpus, made up of inquests of the ALiB Project in different capitals; 3) analysis of the corpus in order to verify linguistic marks that transmit the construction, projection and maintenance of the linguistic variation. The analyses of the selected inquiries try to study variation and its relationship to education by the informers from different age-groups in the different capitals of the country. The analysis of the corpus enabled the realization of register and documentation of lexical diversity of Portuguese language spoken in Brazil, according to the principles of the modern Pluridimensional Geolinguistics, in which the register follows specific parameters.

Symbols of Paraná in different kinds of cultural expressions

ABSTRACT: The “azure jay” and the “pine tree” are among the most acknowledged representative symbols from Parana State in Brazil. They have been referenced by many different kinds of artistic expressions, such as theater, poetry and music. Along the years the tales about these cultural images have inspired regional and nationally recognized poets, writers and composers. In this perspective, considering the importance of these local symbols, this paper aims to verify how distinct kinds of artistic production, such as literary and musical works, depict these acknowledged symbols. So, as corpus to this research we took three texts. The first one is the song Gralha azul (1968), composed by Inami Custódio Pinto, which is considered one of the most outstanding songs of the cultural repertoire from Parana State. The second one is the poem Araucária (1999), by Helena Kolody. The third one is A lenda do pinheiro e a gralha azul (1972), which is in the first publication about blue azure jay’s tales, the book A sombra dos pinheirais (1925), by Eurico Branco Ribeiro. We analyze some lexical units such as “azure jay”, “pine tree” and “pinion”, trying to describe their meanings conveyed by the selected artistic work. The theoretical basis that guides this work are the Lexicology and Lexicography studies (BIDERMAN, 2001a, 2001b, 2001c), discussing the existing relation between lexicon, society and culture.   KEYWORDS: Lexicon; Symbols of Parana; Culture of Parana.    

A HISTORY OF PORTUGUESE LANGUAGE TEACHING MANUALS IN BRAZIL, IN THEIR VARIOUS LANGUAGES

This article aims to study the historical constitution of Portuguese Language Teaching Manuals in Brazil (PLT) in Brazil. To do this, we offer firstly an overview view of research on these Teaching Manuals as used in schools and in Portuguese language classes throughout the whole time they have existed. From this extensive period we draw attention to some historical perspectives that have decisively changed the direction of PLT, its classes and the day to day life in schools. From these we shall single out the public policies regarding quality pertaining to the National Program for Teaching Manuals (NPTM) and to the National Program for Teaching Manuals for High Schools, specifically and for 2015 (NPTMHS 2015). We seek theoretical support in: Comenius (1954), Oliveira et al. (1984), Soares (1986, 1998, 2001), Bittencourt (1993), Freitag et al. (1993), Munakata (1997), Coracini (1999), Batista (2001, 2003, 2004), Batista and Costa Val (2004), Bunzen (2001, 2005, 2009), Bunzen and Rojo (2008) Rojo and Batista (2008), among others. The result of this research will give a history of PLT made up of diverse social and political factors, as well as those continually arising.