Lectures adolescents. 'Lecturas adolescentes'

Pertenece a la serie 'Did??ctica de la llengua i la literatura'

Lecciones azules : lengua, literatura y didáctica : (estudios en honor de la profesora Mariluz Escribano Pueo).

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Lecturas adolescentes.

El libro se divide en dos partes. En la primera se trata de la situación bajo el punto de vista de los derechos y la escuela. Sus capítulos se dirigen al conocimiento sobre los hábitos de la lectura de los adolescentes y los criterios establecidos por los diferentes países en relación con al lectura en la etapa secundaria. En la segunda parte se analiza la lectura de ficción dirigida a adolescentes.

La lectura : educación primaria 4 curso : pruebas de evaluación de la comprensión lectora, PIRLS 2001 y 2006.

Se presentan ejemplos de textos y preguntas que la dirección internacional del PIRLS (Estudio Internacional de Progreso en Comprensión Lectora) ha hecho público. Se dirige a profesores de primaria con el objeto de dar a conocer mejor las pruebas de comprensión lectora PIRLS. Se organiza en cuatro apartados, en los que se presentan los cuadros sinópticos de todas las pruebas incluidas en el libro. En ellos se recogen los procesos de comprensión evaluados en cada pregunta, el tipo de pregunta, su nivel de dificultad y los porcentajes de aciertos obtenidos. Proporciona al profesorado de primaria unos ejemplos que les ayuden a reflexionar y mejorar sus actividades de enseñanza y evaluación de la lectura.

La lectura en PISA 2009 : marcos y pruebas de la evaluación.

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Secuencialidad entre Educación Preescolar y primeros años de EGB : problemática pedagógico-didáctica de la lecto-escritura : la importancia de su introducción en Preescolar.

Determinar si el aprendizaje de la lecto-escritura se inicia demasiado tarde (6-7 años), cuando las capacidades lingüísticas están en regresión, a la vista de los resultados y problemas que dicho aprendizaje plantea. Determinar si el período sensible en lo que se refiere a las actividades lingüísticas se sitúa en el período preoperatorio de Piaget (2-5 años). Demostrar que los métodos actuales son inadecuados por su carácter rígido, que atiende más al control que a la educación y la eficacia. No consta explícitamente el tamaño de la muestra. Se dice que se seleccionaron niños de 2-5 años de edad con y sin experiencia lectora y de 6-7 años escolarizados mediante muestreo aleatorio simple de centros estatales y privados de Valladolid capital. En una primera fase se adaptaron las pruebas D-OR-LEC de M. Lobrot a la población escolar de 2 a 5 años. Posteriormente se pasaron estas pruebas a una muestra de niños elegidos según las siguientes variables: edad (2-5 años, 6-7 años), experiencia en el aprendizaje de la lecto-escritura (con, sin), procedencia socio-económica (baja, media) y tipo de centro (estatal, privado). Pruebas para evaluar la capacidad para la lecto-escritura D-OR-LEC de M. Lobrot. Estadística de la enseñanza en España. Curso 1977-78. Datos de la Inspección Técnica de Valladolid.

Continguts, recursos i entorns digitals

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La transici??n primaria-secundaria en los Institutos-Escuela en Catalunya

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Les zones educatives : una idea en marxa

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Oxidized alginate hydrogels as niche environments for corneal epithelial cells

Chemical and biochemical modification of hydrogels is one strategy to create physiological constructs that maintain cell function. The aim of this study was to apply oxidised alginate hydrogels as a basis for development of a biomimetic niche for limbal epithelial stem cells that may be applied to treating corneal dysfunction. The stem phenotype of bovine limbal epithelial cells (LEC) and the viability of corneal epithelial cells (CEC) were examined in oxidised alginate gels containing collagen IV over a 3-day culture period. Oxidation increased cell viability (P

Platelet adhesion to podoplanin under flow is mediated by the receptor CLEC-2 and stabilised by Src/Syk-dependent platelet signalling

Platelet-specific deletion of CLEC-2, which signals through Src and Syk kinases, or global deletion of its ligand podoplanin results in blood-filled lymphatics during mouse development. Platelet-specific Syk deficiency phenocopies this defect, indicating that platelet activation is required for lymphatic development. In the present study, we investigated whether CLEC-2-podoplanin interactions could support platelet arrest from blood flow and whether platelet signalling is required for stable platelet adhesion to lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and recombinant podoplanin under flow. Perfusion of human or mouse blood over human LEC monolayers led to platelet adhesion and aggregation. Following αIIbβ3 blockade, individual platelets still adhered. Platelet binding occurred at venous but not arterial shear rates. There was no adhesion using CLEC-2-deficient blood or to vascular endothelial cells (which lack podoplanin). Perfusion of human blood over human Fc-podoplanin (hFcPDPN) in the presence of monoclonal antibody IV.3 to block FcγRIIA receptors led to platelet arrest at similar shear rates to those used on LECs. Src and Syk inhibitors significantly reduced global adhesion of human or mouse platelets to LECs and hFcPDPN. A similar result was seen using Syk-deficient mouse platelets. Reduced platelet adhesion was due to a decrease in the stability of binding. In conclusion, our data reveal that CLEC-2 is an adhesive receptor that supports platelet arrest to podoplanin under venous shear. Src/Syk-dependent signalling stabilises platelet adhesion to podoplanin, providing a possible molecular mechanism contributing to the lymphatic defects of Syk-deficient mice.

Multivariate analysis of the energy cycle of the South American rainy season

The South American (SA) rainy season is studied in this paper through the application of a multivariate Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis to a SA gridded precipitation analysis and to the components of Lorenz Energy Cycle (LEC) derived from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis. The EOF analysis leads to the identification of patterns of the rainy season and the associated mechanisms in terms of their energetics. The first combined EOF represents the northwest-southeast dipole of the precipitation between South and Central America, the South American Monsoon System (SAMS). The second combined EOF represents a synoptic pattern associated with the SACZ (South Atlantic convergence zone) and the third EOF is in spatial quadrature to the second EOF. The phase relationship of the EOFs, as computed from the principal components (PCs), suggests a nonlinear transition from the SACZ to the fully developed SAMS mode by November and between both components describing the SACZ by September-October (the rainy season onset). According to the LEC, the first mode is dominated by the eddy generation term at its maximum, the second by both baroclinic and eddy generation terms and the third by barotropic instability previous to the connection to the second mode by September-October. The predominance of the different LEC components at each phase of the SAMS can be used as an indicator of the onset of the rainy season in terms of physical processes, while the existence of the outstanding spectral peaks in the time dependence of the EOFs at the intraseasonal time scale could be used for monitoring purposes. Copyright (C) 2009 Royal Meteorological Society

Bond Strength of Dental Adhesive Systems Irradiated with Ionizing Radiation

Purpose: The aim of the present paper was to determine the effect of different types of ionizing radiation on the bond strength of three different dentin adhesive systems. Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty specimens of 60 human teeth (protocol number: 032/2007) sectioned mesiodistally were divided into 3 groups according to the adhesives systems used: SB (Adper Single Bond Plus), CB (Clearfil SE Bond) and AP (Adper Prompt Self-Etch). The adhesives were applied on dentin and photo-activated using LED (Lec 1000, MMoptics, 1000 mW/cm(2)). Customized elastomer molds (0.5 mm thickness) with three orifices of 1.2 mm diameter were placed onto the bonding areas and filled with composite resin (Filtek Z-250), which was photo-activated for 20 s. Each group was subdivided into 4 Subgroups for application of the different types of ionizing radiation: ultraviolet radiation (UV), diagnostic x-ray radiation (DX), therapeutic x-ray radiation (TX) and without irradiation (control group, CG). Microshear tests were carried out (Instron, model 4411), and afterwards the modes of failure were evaluated by optical and scanning electron microscope and classified using 5 scores: adhesive failure, mixed failures with 3 significance levels, and cohesive failure. The results of the shear bond strength test were submitted to ANOVA with Tukey`s test and Dunnett`s test, and the data from the failure pattern evaluation were analyzed with the Mann Whitney test (p = 0.05). Results: No change in bond strength of CB and AP was observed after application of the different radiation types, only SB showed increase in bond strength after UV (p = 0.0267) irradiation. The UV also changed the failure patterns of SB (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: The radio-induced changes did not cause degradation of the restorations, which means that they can be exposed to these types of ionizing radiation without weakening the bond strength.

Changes in the temperature of a dental light-cured composite resin by different light-curing units

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the temperature increase during the polymerization process through the use of three different light-curing units with different irradiation times. One argon laser (Innova, Coherent), one halogen (Optilight 501, Demetron), and one blue LED (LEC 1000, MM Optics) LCU with 500 mW/cm(2) during 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 s of irradiation times were used in this study. The composite resin used was a microhybrid Filtek Z-250 (3M/ESPE) at color A(2). The samples were made in a metallic mold 2 mm in thickness and 4 mm in diameter and previously light-cured during 40 s. A thermocouple (Model 120-202 EAJ, Fenwal Electronic, Milford, MA, USA) was introduced in the composite resin to measure the temperature increase during the curing process. The highest temperature increase was recorded with a Curing Light 2500 halogen LCU (5 and 31 degrees C after 5 and 60 s, respectively), while the lowest temperature increase was recorded for the Innova LCU based on an argon laser (2 and 11 degrees C after 5 and 60 s, respectively). The temperature recorded for LCU based on a blue LED was 3 and 22 degrees C after 5 and 60 s, respectively. There was a quantifiable amount of heat generated during the visible light curing of a composite resin. The amount of heat generated was influenced by the characteristics of the light-curing units used and the irradiation times.

Feed restriction on performance and blood parameters of broilers fed diets with different sodium levels

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of feed restriction and different sodium levels in the diet on the performance and hematological values (erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration and white blood cell) of broilers from 22 to 42 days of age. A completely randomized design was used in a 4 x 2 x 2 factorial (levels of sodium: 0.16%, 0.19%, 0.22% and 0.25%; with or without feed restriction; male and female), and two replicates of thirty broilers each. Sodium levels did not affect performance (p>0.05). Feed restriction resulted in increased feed intake and affected weight gain and feed conversion negatively (p<0.05). Better weight gain and feed conversion (p<0.05) were seen in male broilers. Hematological values were not affected by sodium levels, feed restriction or sex (p>0.05).