992 resultados para H 800 R425r


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采用分子束外延方法研究了高应变InGaAs/GaAs量子阱的生长技术。将InGaAs/GaAs量子阱的室温光致发光波长拓展至1160nm,其光致发光峰半峰宽只有22meV。研制出1120nm室温连续工作的InGaAs/GaAs单量子阱激光器。对于100μm条宽和800μm腔长的激光器,最大线性输出功率达到200mW,斜率效率达到0.84mW/mA,最低阈值电流密度为450A/cm~2,特征温度达到90K。

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用MOCVD方法生长了InGaAs/InGaAsP多量子阱微碟激光器外延片,用光刻、干法刻蚀和湿法刻蚀等现代化的微加工技术制备出直径9.5μm的InGaAs/InGaAsP微碟激光器,并详细介绍了整个制备工艺过程。在液氮温度下用氩离子激光器泵浦方式实现了低阈值激射,测出单个微碟激光器的阈值光功率为150μW,激射波长约为1.6μm,品质因数Q=800,激射光谱线宽为2nm,同时指出微碟激光器射线宽比F-P普通激光器宽很多是由于其品质因数很高造成的。

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利用分子束外延技术和S-K生长模式,系统研究了InAs/GaAs材料体系应变自组装量子点的形成和演化。研制出激射波长λ≈960nm,条宽100μnm,腔长800μm的In(Ga)As/GaAs量子点激光器

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对SiO_2覆盖退火增强InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP激光器材料量子阱混合技术进行了实验研究。相对于原始样品,退火时无SiO_2覆盖的样品经800℃,30s快速退火后,其光致发光谱的峰值波长“蓝移”了7nm,退火时有SiO_2覆盖的样品经过同样的快速退火后,其光致发光谱的峰值波长“蓝移”了56nm。即在同一片子上实现了在需要量子阱混合的区域带隙的“蓝移”足够大的同时,不希望量子阱混合的区域能带结构的变化创记录的大小。该文认为增大量子阱的宽度、采用无应力的量子阱结构以及引入足够厚的缓冲层可以改善量子阱材料的晶格质量,有利于提高量子阱混合技术的可靠性与重复性,改善量子阱材料的热稳定性。

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该文研究了富硅氧化硅薄膜掺入铒的发光特性。富硅氧化硅薄膜(氧含量为60%)采用PECVD方法生长,室温下离子注入铒,经过800℃,5min的退火,在10-~300K温度下得到较强的波长1.54μm光致发光。发光强度随温度升高下降,其温度猝灭激活能为14.3meV。发光谱表明富硅氧化硅中Er-O发光中心仍具有T_d对称性。

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对从GaAs衬底剥离下来的低温下分子束外延生长的GaAs(LTG-GaAs)薄膜进行了喇曼光谱测量,研究了不同温度下生长的LTG-GaAs在退火前后晶体完整性的变化。首次观测到了190℃生长样品中As沉淀物所引起的喇曼峰,并证明800℃快速热退火30秒后产生的As沉淀物是无定形As。

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The effect of thermal annealing on the Raman spectrum of Si0.33Ge0.67 alloy grown on Si (100) by molecular beam epitaxy is investigated in the temperature range of 550-800 degrees C. For annealing below 700 degrees C, interdiffusion at the interface is negligible and the residual strain plays the dominant role in the Raman shift. The strain-shift coefficients for Si-Ge and Ge-Ge phonon modes are determined to be 915 +/- 215 cm(-1) and 732 +/- 117 cm(-1), respectively. For higher temperature annealing, interdiffusion is significant and strongly affects the Raman shift and the spectral shape.

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In this paper, we report on the design, growth and fabrication of 980nm strained InGaAs quantum well lasers employing novel material system of Al-free active region and AlGaAs cladding layers. The use of AlGaAs cladding instead of InGaP provides potential advantages in laser structure design, improvement of surface morphology and laser performance. We demonstrate an optimized broad-waveguide structure for obtaining high power 980nm quantum well lasers with low vertical beam divergence. The laser structure was grown by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition, which exhibit a high internal quantum efficiency of similar to 90% and a low internal loss of 1.5-2.5 cm(-1). The broad-area and ridge-waveguide laser devices are both fabricated. For 100 mu m wide stripe lasers with cavity length of 800 mu m, a low threshold current of 170mA, a high slope efficiency of 1.0W/A and high output power of more than 3.5W are achieved. The temperature dependences of the threshold current and the emitting spectra demonstrate a very high characteristic temperature coefficient (T-o) of 200-250K and a wavelength shift coefficient of 0.34nm/degrees C. For 4 mu m-width ridge waveguide structure laser devices, a maximum output power of 340mW with GOD-free thermal roll-over characteristics is obtained.

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Silicon carbide (SiC) is recently receiving increased attention due to its unique electrical and thermal properties. It has been regarded as the most appropriate semiconductor material for high power, high frequency, high temperature, and radiation hard microelectronic devices. The fabrication processes and characterization of basic device on 6H-SiC were systematically studied. The main works are summarized as follows:The homoepitaxial growth on the commercially available single-crystal 6H-SiC wafers was performed in a modified gas source molecular beam epitaxy system. The mesa structured p(+)n junction diodes on the material were fabricated and characterized. The diodes showed a high breakdown voltage of 800 V at room temperature. They operated with good rectification characteristics from room temperature to 673 K.Using thermal evaporation, Ti/6H-SiC Schottky barrier diodes were fabricated. They showed good rectification characteristics from room temperature to 473 K. Using neon implantation to form the edge termination, the breakdown voltage was improved to be 800 V.n-Type 6H-SiC MOS capacitors were fabricated and characterized. Under the same growing conditions, the quality of polysilicon gate capacitors was better than Al. In addition, SiC MOS capacitors had good tolerance to gamma rays. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.

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In this paper, we reported on the fabrication of 980 nm InGaAs/InGaAsP strained quantum-well (QW) lasers with broad waveguide. The laser structure was grown by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on a n(+)- GaAs substrate. For 3 mu m stripe ridge waveguide lasers, the threshold current is 30 mA and the maximum output power and the output power operating in fundamental mode are 350 mW and 200 mW, respectively. The output power from the single mode fiber is up to 100 mW, the coupling efficiency is 50%. We also fabricated 100 mu m broad stripe coated lasers with cavity length of 800 mu m, a threshold current density of 170 A/cm(2), a high slope efficiency of 1.03 W/A and a far-field pattern of 40 x 6 degrees are obtained. The maximum output power of 3.5 W is also obtained for 100 mu m wide coated lasers. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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Carbonized buffer layers were formed with C2H4 on Si(100) and Si(111) substrates using different methods and SIC epilayers were grown on each buffer layer at 1050 degrees C with simultaneous supply of C2H4 and Si2H6. The structure of carbonized and epitaxy layers was analyzed with in situ RHEED. The buffer layers formed at 800 degrees C were polycrystalline on both Si(100) and Si(111) substrates whereas they were single crystals, with twins on Si(100) and without tu ins on Si(111)substrates. when formed with a gradual rise in substrate temperature from 300 degrees C to growth temperature. Raising the substrate temperature slowly results in the formation of more twins. Epilayers grown on carbonized polycrystalline lavers are polycrystalline. Single crystal epilayers without twins grow on single crystalline buffer layers without twins or with a few twins. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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超图划分应用于大规模矩阵计算、大规模集成电路等领域.详细地阐述了超图多级划分的算法框架,并提出对划分结果进行优化的一种手段,通过进行多阶段的循环优化,在可以接受的运行时间内得到对超图的一个较优的划分.

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岷江上游干旱河谷是岷江上游地区的生态脆弱带和敏感区,也是存在问题最多,在山区治理中最关键和最困难的一种特殊地域类型,其显著特征是年降水少、蒸发量大、土壤贫瘠、植被稀少,是泥石流、滑坡、崩塌等自然灾害频发的区域,其恶劣的生态环境条件严重影响当地及下游的工农业生产和群众的生活。 基于RS和GIS,本文研究了岷江上游干旱河谷从1974到2000年间的景观变化情况。主要结论如下: 1.岷江上游干旱河谷高程介于1200-3200m之间,干旱河谷在坡度26º-35º之间分布最广,坡度大于25º的陡坡上干旱河谷的分布面积约占59%左右。干旱河谷边界的上限沿垂直方向迅速抬升,1974到2000年间岷江上游干旱河谷边界最高上限沿垂直方向抬升了53m,大约平均每年抬升2m。岷江上游干旱河谷边界的影响域为800米。 2.灌木林地的面积占整个景观面积的60%以上,构成了干旱河谷区的景观基质。耕地是干旱河谷中重要的景观类型,其变化幅度是所有景观类型中最大。耕地和居民用地斑块的平均面积和密度较小,形状简单。耕地大多分布在干旱河谷中海拔1700-3000m的区域,并且陡坡耕种比较严重;居民用地的分布在低海拔地区相对较密,在海拔高的地方分布较分散。 3.干旱河谷的面积在不断的扩大,1995-2000年间干旱河谷面积年变化速率与1974-1995年间相比有所降低。1974-1995年景观的破碎化程度和异质性程度增大,斑块内部的连通性降低;1995-2000年则表现出相反的趋势。具体表现为岷江上游干旱河谷景观的斑块密度、多样性指数先增大后减小,蔓延度指数先减小后增大,而边界密度和分维数一直减小。导致干旱河谷景观变化的驱动因素主要有:自然地理条件、人口增长和政策导向。 4.干旱河谷范围的扩大,对周围景观造成了深刻的影响,如果气候朝着干旱化加剧的方向发展,人为活动强度不断加大,岷江上游干旱河谷的潜在干旱化趋势和潜在次生干旱化趋势将加剧,干旱河谷范围可能进一步扩大。

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植物源杀菌剂的开发应用以及从植物中寻找杀菌活性物质作为先导化合物,是目前杀菌研究领域的热点之一。本文以蓼科植物虎杖(Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb.et Zucc.) 为材料,研究了虎杖提取物的杀菌活性和作用机理,确定了虎杖中的有效杀菌活性成分,并以此为先导化合物进行了衍生物合成与结构活性关系的研究。 不同溶剂提取物制备与杀菌活性测定结果表明,乙醇适合作为虎杖植物杀菌剂的提取溶剂,提取率高,对多种植物病原真菌具有广谱的杀菌和抑菌活性,除对黄瓜白粉病(Sphaerotheca fuliginea)表现出很好的防治效果外,对苹果腐烂病菌(Valsa mali)、玉米小斑病菌(Helminthosporium maydis)、葡萄炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)、小麦赤霉病菌(Fusarium graminearum)、油菜菌核病菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)、水稻纹枯病菌(Rhizoconia solani)等也具有很好的抑制作用。虎杖回流提取物对黄瓜白粉病的杀菌作用以保护作用为主,兼具一定的治疗作用,并且具有一定的内吸活性,持效期约为4-7 d。温室试验结果表明,虎杖乙醇回流提取物10%可溶性液剂对黄瓜白粉病的EC90值为172.83 mg/L,田间小区试验表明该制剂在800-1600 mg/L的浓度下,对黄瓜白粉病的防效达到76.3-93.4%,具有较好的应用前景。 对苹果腐烂病菌的抑菌作用机理表明,虎杖乙醇提取物对该病原菌有明显的抑制作用,能够抑制蛋白质、葡萄糖等菌体细胞内物质的合成,从而使病菌代谢速度减慢,抑制其生长。虎杖提取物还能够使几丁质酶和β-1,3葡聚糖酶这两种细胞壁相关水解酶的活性升高,降解细胞壁而破坏菌体结构,使菌体自溶。 过测定虎杖乙醇回流提取物对黄瓜体内等一些防御酶和病程相关蛋白活性的影响,表明在40 mg/L和400 mg/L浓度下,虎杖乙醇提取物能够使黄瓜叶片内的过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、几丁质酶等不同程度的升高,从而在一定程度上提高植物对病原真菌的抗病能力。 通过生物活性跟踪测定以及pH梯度提取法确定了虎杖中的主要杀菌活性成分为蒽醌类化合物大黄素(emodin)和大黄素甲醚(physcion),结构通过了HPLC-MS和1H NMR确认,并且通过HPLC确定了虎杖乙醇回流提取物中二者的含量分别为3.28%和1.11%。 以虎杖中的有效成份之一的大黄素为原料,通过羟基的甲基化反应合成了包括已知物大黄素甲醚在内的11个大黄素衍生物,其中5个化合物为首次报道,并进行了初步结构活性关系研究。结果表明通过对大黄素3-OH位置以短直链烷基取代,其衍生物对黄瓜白粉病的活性大大提高,其中以甲基取代的衍生物大黄素甲醚的活性为母体大黄素的16.7倍,而以取代苄基修饰的衍生物的活性没有明显提高。一些目标化合物的活性明显优于三唑酮。研究中还意外发现大黄素的甲基化衍生物三甲氧基大黄素在4000 mg/L时能够明显抑制甜菜夜蛾幼虫的取食与生长发育,而大黄素和大黄素甲醚则无此作用。

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革菌是指平伏的具有光滑、齿状或瘤状子实层体表面的木材腐朽菌,该类群属于担子菌门(Basidiomycota),担子菌纲(Basidiomycetes),是一类数量较多、组成较为复杂的高等真菌。 革菌具有重要的生态学功能和经济价值。该类群真菌能够降解木质素和纤维素,在森林生态系统中起着关键的降解还原作用;同时,革菌还是重要的生物资源,部分种类能够造成林木病害是林木病原菌;部分革菌具有药用、食用价值;有些种类的革菌还具有重要的工业应用价值。 对采集自我国不同地区、不同森林生态类型中的,以及现保存于中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所东北生物标本馆(IFP),中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本馆(HMAS)等国内主要标本馆的非褶菌目木材腐朽菌 — 产丝齿菌属(Hyphodontia J. Erikss.)的真菌标本进行了全面系统的研究,其中自采标本约800余号,馆藏标本600余号。按照Donk,Eriksson和Parmasto提出的传统分类方法对该属的种类进行详细的描述和显微结构绘图,记载了每个种类的寄主、国内外分布及研究标本,并对每种与相似种的联系和区别进行了讨论。我国范围内共记录及描述产丝齿菌属(Hyphodontia)39种,其中共发现新种3个,分别是:头状囊产丝齿菌Hyphodontia capitatocystidiata H.X. Xiong, Y.C. Dai & Sheng H. Wu,异囊产丝齿菌H. heterocystidiata H.X. Xiong, Y.C. Dai & Sheng H. Wu 和 似土黄产丝齿菌H. subpallidula H.X. Xiong, Y.C. Dai & Sheng H. Wu;发现中国新记录种2个:冷杉产丝齿菌Hyphodontia abieticola (Bourdot & Galzin) J. Erikss.和弯孢产丝齿菌H. curvispora J. Erikss. & Hjortstam;大陆新记录种7个,分别是:台湾产丝齿菌Hyphodontia formosana Sheng H. Wu & Burds.,羊毛状产丝齿菌Hyphodontia lanata Burds. & Nakasone,膜质产丝齿菌Hyphodontia pelliculae (H. Furuk.) N. Maek.,无锁产丝齿菌Hyphodontia poroideoefibulata Sheng H. Wu,近球孢产丝齿菌Hyphodontia subglobasa Sheng H. Wu,热带产丝齿菌Hyphodontia tropica Sheng H. Wu和管形产丝齿菌Hyphodontia tubuliformis Sheng H. Wu。