Globaalin regressiomallin lokalisointi homogeenisissa ositteissa

Seloste artikkelista: Segmentation of model localization subareas by Getis statistics / Minna Räty & Annika Kangas. - Julkaisussa: Silva Fennica 44 (2010) : 2, s. 303-317.

Bag-of-Features Approach to Unsupervised Visual Object Categorisation

The large and growing number of digital images is making manual image search laborious. Only a fraction of the images contain metadata that can be used to search for a particular type of image. Thus, the main research question of this thesis is whether it is possible to learn visual object categories directly from images. Computers process images as long lists of pixels that do not have a clear connection to high-level semantics which could be used in the image search. There are various methods introduced in the literature to extract low-level image features and also approaches to connect these low-level features with high-level semantics. One of these approaches is called Bag-of-Features which is studied in the thesis. In the Bag-of-Features approach, the images are described using a visual codebook. The codebook is built from the descriptions of the image patches using clustering. The images are described by matching descriptions of image patches with the visual codebook and computing the number of matches for each code. In this thesis, unsupervised visual object categorisation using the Bag-of-Features approach is studied. The goal is to find groups of similar images, e.g., images that contain an object from the same category. The standard Bag-of-Features approach is improved by using spatial information and visual saliency. It was found that the performance of the visual object categorisation can be improved by using spatial information of local features to verify the matches. However, this process is computationally heavy, and thus, the number of images must be limited in the spatial matching, for example, by using the Bag-of-Features method as in this study. Different approaches for saliency detection are studied and a new method based on the Hessian-Affine local feature detector is proposed. The new method achieves comparable results with current state-of-the-art. The visual object categorisation performance was improved by using foreground segmentation based on saliency information, especially when the background could be considered as clutter.

Marketing Plan of Electric Vehicle Charging Solutions to USA

The purpose of the Thesis was to evaluate the business environment of electrical vehicle charging equipment (EVSE) in USA, find the key issues of entering the US EVSE markets and to form a marketing plan for possible market entry. The external market research analyzed the environment, customers, competitors and demand of EVSEs. In the internal analysis the focus was on resources and capabilities, offering, performance, business relations and US related issues. The research about the business environment was done using already available information from market studies and seminars. In external analysis there were also two semi-structured interviews from market experts used. The internal analysis was done mostly by interviews, but also company’s internal data sources were used. The interviews were semi-constructed and included eight interviewees from each part of EVSE value chain. The research findings were analyzed using SWOT analysis, which was converted to a so called TOWS matrix for extracting strategies. As a result of the Thesis, valuable information about the US markets and their requirements for EVSEs was gained. By matching the strengths of the case company and market requirements, customer segmentation and targeting were done and a marketing plan was constructed for the case company to help their management to evaluate the feasibility of possible market entry and investments to USA.

Tuulivoimatoimialan yrityksen nykytilan analyysi ja asiakaslähtöinen liiketoimintastrategia

Tämä tutkimus on tehty tuulivoimatoimialalla toimivan yrityksen toimeksiannosta. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli luoda kohdeyritykselle liiketoimintastrategiaehdotus. Kohdeyrityksen toiveena oli saada tutkimukseen myös teorian näkemys asiakaslähtöisyydestä. Tutkimuksen on tarkoitus antaa yritykselle pohtimisen aihetta liiketoimintastrategian luomiseen ja toimia pohjana, kun yhtiön johto tekee päätöksiä tulevasta strategiasta. Tutkimuksessa tehtiin perusteellinen tuulivoimatoimialan analyysi toimialaraporttien ja yrityksen johdon ja henkilökunnan haastattelujen avulla. Lisäksi kartoitettiin kohdeyrityksen nykytilaa ja strategista asemaa alalla suorittamalla SWOT-analyysi ja toimialan rakenteellinen analyysi. Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin myös keinoja kilpailuedun saavuttamiseksi asiakaslähtöisyyden avulla. Tietoja yrityksen toiminnasta on kerätty haastattelemalla yhtiön johtoa ja henkilökuntaa sekä osallistumalla aktiivisesti yhtiön jokapäiväiseen toimintaan. Tutkimuksen tuloksena syntyi kohdeyrityksen liiketoimintatilanteeseen soveltuva liiketoimintastrategia, jolla on mahdollista saavuttaa kilpailuetua tuulivoimatoimialalla. Asiakaslähtöisyys huomioitiin tutkimuksessa tuomalla asiakasjohtamisen malli strategiatyöhön. Tutkimuksessa luotiin kaksi erilaista segmentointimallia, joiden avulla yritys voi kohdentaa toimintaansa oikeille asiakkaille oikealla tavalla. Asiakaslähtöinen liiketoimintastrategiaehdotus muodostettiin hyödyntämällä teorian näkemyksiä ja työssä tehtyjen analyysien tuloksia.

Electroactive ion exchange membranes based on conducting polymers

Ion exchange membranes are indispensable for the separation of ionic species. They can discriminate between anions and cations depending on the type of fixed ionic group present in the membrane. These conventional ion exchange membranes (CIX) have exceptional ionic conductivity, which is advantageous in various electromembrane separation processes such as electrodialysis, electrodeionisation and electrochemical ion exchange. The main disadvantage of CIX membranes is their high electrical resistance owing to the fact that the membranes are electronically non conductive. An alternative can be electroactive ion exchange membranes, which are ionically and electronically conducting. Polypyrrole (PPy) is a type of electroactive ion exchange material as well as a commonly known conducting polymer. When PPy membranes are repeatedly reduced and oxidised, ions are pumped through the membrane. The main aim of this thesis was to develop electroactive cation transport membranes based on PPy for the selective transport of divalent cations. Membranes developed composed of PPy films deposited on commercially available support materials. To carry out this study, cation exchange membranes based on PPy doped with immobile anions were prepared. Two types of dopant anions known to interact with divalent metal ions were considered, namely 4-sulphonic calix[6]arene (C6S) and carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNT). The transport of ions across membranes containing PPy doped with polystyrene sulphonate (PSS) and PPy doped with para-toluene sulphonate (pTS) was also studied in order to understand the nature of ion transport and permeability across PPy(CNT) and PPy(C6S) membranes. In the course of these studies, membrane characterisation was performed using electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Permeability of the membranes towards divalent cations was explored using a two compartment transport cell. EQCM results demonstrated that the ion exchange behaviour of polypyrrole is dependent on a number of factors including the type of dopant anion present, the type of ions present in the surrounding medium, the scan rate used during the experiment and the previous history of the polymer film. The morphology of PPy films was found to change when the dopant anion was varied and even when the thickness of the film was altered in some cases. In nearly all cases the permeability of the membranes towards metal ions followed the order K+ > Ca2+ > Mn2+. The one exception was PPy(C6S), for which the permeability followed the order Ca2+ ≥ K+ > Mn2+ > Co2+ > Cr3+. The above permeability sequences show a strong dependence on the size of the metal ions with metal ions having the smallest hydrated radii exhibiting the highest flux. Another factor that affected the permeability towards metal ions was the thickness of the PPy films. Films with the least thickness showed higher metal ion fluxes. Electrochemical control over ion transport across PPy(CNT) membrane was obtained when films composed of the latter were deposited on track-etched Nucleopore® membranes as support material. In contrast, the flux of ions across the same film was concentration gradient dependent when the polymer was deposited on polyvinylidene difluoride membranes as support material. However, electrochemical control over metal ion transport was achieved with a bilayer type of PPy film consisting of PPy(pTS)/PPy(CNT), irrespective of the type of support material. In the course of studying macroscopic charge balance during transport experiments performed using a two compartment transport cell, it was observed that PPy films were non-permselective. A clear correlation between the change in pH in the receiving solution and the ions transported across the membrane was observed. A decrease in solution pH was detected when the polymer membrane acted primarily as an anion exchanger, while an increase in pH occurred when it functioned as a cation exchanger. When there was an approximately equal flux of anions and cations across the polymer membrane, the pH in the receiving solution was in the range 6 - 8. These observations suggest that macroscopic charge balance during the transport of cations and anions across polypyrrole membranes was maintained by introduction of anions (OH-) and cations (H+) produced via electrolysis of water.

Interdependence of Emerging Eastern European stock markets

One of the main developments in the global economy during the past decades has been the growth of emerging economies. Projections for their long-term growth, changes in the investment climate, corporate transparency and demography point to an increasing role for these emerging economies in the global economy. Today, emerging economies are usually considered as financial markets offering opportunities for high returns, good risk diversification and improved return-to-risk ratios. However, researchers have noted that these advantages may be in decline because of the increasing market integration. Nevertheless, it is likely that certain financial markets and specific sectors will remain partially segmented and somewhat insulated from the global economy for the year to come. This doctoral dissertation investigates several stock markets in Emerging Eastern Europe (EEE), including the ones in Russia, Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Bulgaria and Slovenia. The objective is to analyze the returns and financial risks in these emerging markets from international investor’s point of view. This study also examines the segmentation/integration of these financial markets and the possibilities to diversify and hedge financial risk. The dissertation is divided into two parts. The first includes a review of the theoretical background for the articles and a review of the literature on EEE stock markets. It includes an overview of the methodology and research design applied in the analysis and a summary of articles from the second part of this dissertation and their main findings. The second part consists of four research publications. This work contributes to studies on emerging stock markets in four ways. First, it adds to the body of research on the pricing of risk, providing new empirical evidence about partial stock market segmentation in EEE. The results suggest that the aggregate emerging market risk is a relevant driver for stock market returns and that this market risk can be used to price financial instruments and forecast their performance. Second, it contributes to the empirical research on the integration of stock markets, asset prices and exchange rates by identifying the relationships between these markets through volatility and asset pricing. The results show that certain sectors of stock markets in EEE are not as integrated as others. For example, the Polish consumer goods sector, the Hungarian telecommunications sector, and the Czech financial sector are somewhat isolated from their counterparts elsewhere in Europe. Nevertheless, an analysis of the impact of EU accession in 2004 on stock markets suggests that most of the EEE markets are becoming increasingly integrated with the global markets. Third, this thesis complements the scientific literature in the field of shock and volatility spillovers by examining the mechanism of spillover distribution among the EU and EEE countries. The results illustrate that spillovers in emerging markets are mostly from a foreign exchange to the stock markets. Moreover, the results show that the effects of external shocks on stock markets have increased after the enlargement of the EU in 2004. Finally, this study is unique because it analyzes the effects of foreign macroeconomic news on geographically closely related countries. The results suggest that the effects of macroeconomic announcements on volatility are significant and have effect that varies across markets and their sectors. Moreover, the results show that the foreign macroeconomic news releases, somewhat surprisingly, have a greater effect on the EEE markets than the local macroeconomic news. This dissertation has a number of implications for the industry and for practitioners. It analyses financial risk associated with investing in Emerging Eastern Europe. Investors may use this information to construct and optimize investment portfolios. Moreover, this dissertation provides insights for investors and portfolio managers considering asset allocation to protect value or obtain higher returns. The results have also implications for asset pricing and portfolio selection in light of macroeconomic news releases.

Characterization of fiber and vessel elements in pulp suspension images

The thesis is related to the topic of image-based characterization of fibers in pulp suspension during the papermaking process. Papermaking industry is focusing on process control optimization and automatization, which makes it possible to manufacture highquality products in a resource-efficient way. Being a part of the process control, pulp suspension analysis allows to predict and modify properties of the end product. This work is a part of the tree species identification task and focuses on analysis of fiber parameters in the pulp suspension at the wet stage of paper production. The existing machine vision methods for pulp characterization were investigated, and a method exploiting direction sensitive filtering, non-maximum suppression, hysteresis thresholding, tensor voting, and curve extraction from tensor maps was developed. Application of the method to the microscopic grayscale pulp images made it possible to detect curves corresponding to fibers in the pulp image and to compute their morphological characteristics. Performance of the method was evaluated based on the manually produced ground truth data. An accuracy of fiber characteristics estimation, including length, width, and curvature, for the acacia pulp images was found to be 84, 85, and 60% correspondingly.

Palveluasumisen markkinapotentiaali Suomessa asuvien venäjänkielisten ikäihmisten keskuudessa - Analyysi markkinoista ja kuluttajakäyttäytymisestä

Tutkimus on toimeksianto Yritykseltä X, joka halusi selvitettävän, millaista markkinapotentiaalia on nähtävissä ikäihmisten palveluasumisessa Suomessa asuville venäjänkielisille. Markkinoiden analysoinnin lisäksi tutkimuksessa on selvitetty kohderyhmän kuluttajakäyttäytymistä ja ostokykyä. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena ei ole antaa toimeksiantajalle valmista investointipäätöstä, vaan tuoda tietoa markkinoista ja kohderyhmästä päätöksenteon tueksi. Käytössä on ollut neljä empiiristä aineistoa. Primääriaineistona ovat asiantuntija¬haastattelut sekä kyselyt Yrityksen X venäjänkielisille työntekijöille ja maksaja-asiakkaille – eli kuntien ja sairaanhoitopiirien edustajille. Sekundääriaineistona on joukko suomalaisten Venäjä-asiantuntijoiden viime vuosien tutkimuksia. Pro gradun teoriaosuus on tiivis. Teorian on auttanut kirjoittajaa tarkastelemaan palveluasumisen markkinoita kansainvälisellä vivahteella sekä suomalaisittain uuden kuluttajaryhmän kuluttajakäyttäytymistä ja ostokykyä. Suomessa asuvia venäjänkielisiä ikäihmisiä ei ole aikaisemmassa tutkimuksessa tarkasteltu omana kohderyhmänään, mutta heistä on tehty paljon yhteiskunnallista tutkimusta. Tätä on hyödynnetty muun muassa tarkasteltaessa kohderyhmän kulttuurisia piirteitä, sosiaalisia tapoja, kieltä ja uskontoa. Suomessa asuvista venäjänkielisistä ikäihmistä ei voi puhua yhtenäisenä ryhmänä. Osa yli 65-vuotiaista on suomen kielen taitoisia ja työssään menestyneitä, mutta monen maahanmuuttajan sosiaalinen asema laski heidän muuttaessaan Suomeen. Neuvostoliitossa asuneet ovat tottuneet niukkoihin olosuhteisiin, siihen että samassa taloudessa asui jopa kolme sukupolvea, ja että perhe piti huolta yhteiskunnan tuen ollessa niukkaa. Vaikka venäläisessä kulttuurissa vanhainkodeilla on huono maine, voidaan Suomessa asuvien ikäihmisten keskuudessa nähdä positiivista suhtautumista palveluasumista ja suomalaisia julkispalveluja kohtaan. Mikäli Yritys X rakentaa yksikön Lappeenrantaan, kannattaa potentiaalisina asiakkaina nähdä myös venäläiset terveysmatkailijat ja suunnitella palvelutarjonta laajemmin kuin vain Suomessa asuville venäjänkielisille. Mikäli yksikkö tulee Helsinkiin, on kilpailijana ortodokseille ja venäjänkielisille vanhuksille tarkoitettu Helenan vanhainkoti.

Developing raster bands computed from LiDAR to improve forest

This study examines the use of di erent features derived from remotely sensed data in segmentation of forest stands. Surface interpolation methods were applied to LiDAR points in order to represent data in the form of grayscale images. Median and mean shift ltering was applied to the data for noise reduction. The ability of di erent compositions of rasters obtained from LiDAR data and an aerial image to maximize stand homogeneity in the segmentation was evaluated. The quality of forest stand delineations was assessed by the Akaike information criterion. The research was performed in co-operation with Arbonaut Ltd., Joensuu, Finland.

Machine vision methods for process measurements in pulping

The papermaking industry has been continuously developing intelligent solutions to characterize the raw materials it uses, to control the manufacturing process in a robust way, and to guarantee the desired quality of the end product. Based on the much improved imaging techniques and image-based analysis methods, it has become possible to look inside the manufacturing pipeline and propose more effective alternatives to human expertise. This study is focused on the development of image analyses methods for the pulping process of papermaking. Pulping starts with wood disintegration and forming the fiber suspension that is subsequently bleached, mixed with additives and chemicals, and finally dried and shipped to the papermaking mills. At each stage of the process it is important to analyze the properties of the raw material to guarantee the product quality. In order to evaluate properties of fibers, the main component of the pulp suspension, a framework for fiber characterization based on microscopic images is proposed in this thesis as the first contribution. The framework allows computation of fiber length and curl index correlating well with the ground truth values. The bubble detection method, the second contribution, was developed in order to estimate the gas volume at the delignification stage of the pulping process based on high-resolution in-line imaging. The gas volume was estimated accurately and the solution enabled just-in-time process termination whereas the accurate estimation of bubble size categories still remained challenging. As the third contribution of the study, optical flow computation was studied and the methods were successfully applied to pulp flow velocity estimation based on double-exposed images. Finally, a framework for classifying dirt particles in dried pulp sheets, including the semisynthetic ground truth generation, feature selection, and performance comparison of the state-of-the-art classification techniques, was proposed as the fourth contribution. The framework was successfully tested on the semisynthetic and real-world pulp sheet images. These four contributions assist in developing an integrated factory-level vision-based process control.

Video transcoding in a distributed cloud computing environment

Video transcoding refers to the process of converting a digital video from one format into another format. It is a compute-intensive operation. Therefore, transcoding of a large number of simultaneous video streams requires a large amount of computing resources. Moreover, to handle di erent load conditions in a cost-e cient manner, the video transcoding service should be dynamically scalable. Infrastructure as a Service Clouds currently offer computing resources, such as virtual machines, under the pay-per-use business model. Thus the IaaS Clouds can be leveraged to provide a coste cient, dynamically scalable video transcoding service. To use computing resources e ciently in a cloud computing environment, cost-e cient virtual machine provisioning is required to avoid overutilization and under-utilization of virtual machines. This thesis presents proactive virtual machine resource allocation and de-allocation algorithms for video transcoding in cloud computing. Since users' requests for videos may change at di erent times, a check is required to see if the current computing resources are adequate for the video requests. Therefore, the work on admission control is also provided. In addition to admission control, temporal resolution reduction is used to avoid jitters in a video. Furthermore, in a cloud computing environment such as Amazon EC2, the computing resources are more expensive as compared with the storage resources. Therefore, to avoid repetition of transcoding operations, a transcoded video needs to be stored for a certain time. To store all videos for the same amount of time is also not cost-e cient because popular transcoded videos have high access rate while unpopular transcoded videos are rarely accessed. This thesis provides a cost-e cient computation and storage trade-o strategy, which stores videos in the video repository as long as it is cost-e cient to store them. This thesis also proposes video segmentation strategies for bit rate reduction and spatial resolution reduction video transcoding. The evaluation of proposed strategies is performed using a message passing interface based video transcoder, which uses a coarse-grain parallel processing approach where video is segmented at group of pictures level.

Kuljetustensuunnittelu- ja reitinoptimointiohjelmiston kaupallistamiseen vaikuttavat keskeiset ominaisuudet

Ajoneuvojen reititystä on tutkittu 1950-luvulta asti, alunperin etsiessä polttoainekuljetuksille optimaalisinta reittiä varastolta useille palveluasemille. Siitä lähtien ajoneuvon reititystehtäviä on tutkittu akateemisesti ja niistä on muodostettu kymmeniä erilaisia variaatioita. Tehtävien ratkaisumenetelmät jaetaan tyypillisesti tarkkoihin menetelmiin sekä heuristiikkoihin ja metaheuristiikkoihin. Konetehon ja heuristiikoissa käytettävien algoritmien kehittymisen myötä reitinoptimointia on alettu tarjota kaupallisesti. CO-SKY-projektin tavoitteena on kaupallistaa web-pohjainen tai toiminnanohjausjärjestelmään integroitava ajoneuvon reititys. Diplomityössä tutkitaan kuljetustensuunnittelu- ja reitinoptimointiohjelmistojen kaupallistamiseen vaikuttavia keskeisiä ominaisuuksia. Ominaisuuksia on tarkasteltu: 1) erityisesti pk-kuljetusyritysten tarpeiden ja vaatimusten pohjalta, ja 2) markkinoilla olevien ohjelmistojen tarjontaa arvioiden. Näiden pohjalta on myös pyritty arvioimaan kysynnän ja tarjonnan kohtaamista. Pilottiasiakkaita haastattelemalla ohjelmistolle on kyetty asettamaan vaatimuksia, mutta samalla on kuultu käyttäjien mielipiteitä optimoinnista. Lukuisia logistiikkaohjelmistojen tarjoajia on haastateltu logistiikkamessuilla sekä Suomessa että Saksassa. Haastattelujen perusteella on saatu käsitys kyseisistä ohjelmista sekä optimoinnin tarjonnasta että kysynnästä. Akateeminen tutkimus aiheesta on laajaa, koskien niin teknistä toteutusta kuin myös (kysely-)tutkimuksia tarjolla olevien ohjelmistojen ominaisuuksista ja laadusta. Kuljetusyritysten tarpeissa on vaihtelua yritys- ja alakohtaisesti. Perusongelmat ovat samoja, joita reitinoptimoinnin akateemisessa tutkimuksessa käsitellään ja joita kaupalliset ohjelmistot pystyvät ratkaisemaan. Vaikka reitinoptimoinnilla saatavat hyödyt ovat mitattavissa, suunnittelu etenkin pk-yrityksissä tehdään pääosin yhä käsin. Messuhaastattelujen ja loppukäyttäjien mielipiteiden perusteella voidaan todeta kaupallisten ratkaisujen olevan suunniteltu isommille kuljetusyrityksille: tyypillisen it-projektin hinta, käyttöönottoaika ja asennus sekä ratkaisun takaisinmaksuaika vaikuttavat pk-yritysten hankintapäätökseen. Kaupallistamiseen liittyen haasteet liittyvät erityisesti segmentointiin ja markkinointiin asiakasarvon todentamisen ja sen välittämisen kautta.

Asiakastoimialojen vaikutukset yrityksen myynnin kehitykseen

Työn tavoitteena oli tutkia asiakkaiden toimialojen muutoksen, esimerkiksi taantuman, vaikutuksia Mikpolis Oy:n puutekniikan myynnin kehitykseen aikajaksolla 2007–2014. Työssä tutustuttiin markkinoinnin ja talouden osa-alueisiin. Tutkimuksessa yrityksen asiakastiedoista muodostettiin useita arvoanalyysejä, joita tehtiin päätuoteryhmistä, tuotesegmenteistä, asiakkaista ja asiakkaiden toimialoista. Yrityksen sisäisiä tekijöitä tutkittiin SWOT -analyysillä ja havainnoimalla aiempia selvityksiä. Lisäksi haastateltiin asiakastoimialojen edustajia. Päätuoteryhmät myynnin määrän perusteella ovat NC-koneistuspalvelut, erityisesti lasikuitu- ja huonekaluteollisuuden segmenteissä, sekä puun testauspalvelut. Asiakkaat jaoteltiin A-, B- ja C-asiakkaisiin myyntimäärän suhteen. Huolestuttavan suuri osa avainasiakkaista on konkurssissa. Tavoiteltavat toimialat tulevaisuudessa ovat laivarakennus-, ajoneuvo- ja koneenrakennusteollisuus sekä koulutus ja testaustoiminta. Mikpolis Oy:llä parantamisen varaa on erityisesti markkinoinnissa ja investoinneissa. Asiakastoimialojen muutokset vaikuttavat yrityksen myyntiin, mutta yritys voi vaikuttaa asiaan sisäisillä tekijöillä, joita ovat markkinointi ja tuotetarjonta.

Target audience and message alignment for integrated marketing communication of luxury products: entering the Chinese market

The purpose of this study is to identify opportunities to match marketing communication message strategies with the target audience characteristics in the Chinese luxury market entry context. Therefore, consumer behaviour and psychographic marketing segmentation fields are being reviewed in a holistic view in order to identify the similarities and connection points. Through the analysis of the messages in advertisements placed in a certain luxury and fine living magazine, message creation strategies are being anticipated.

Asiantuntijapalveluiden kehittäminen isännöintialan yrityksessä

Isännöintiala on tämän päivän Suomessa yhä suurempien haasteiden edessä asiakkaiden ja yhteiskunnan asettamien vaatimusten kasvaessa mutta samalla käytössä olevien resurssien niukentuessa. Tämä työ toimii osana kokonaisvaltaisempaa asiantuntijapalveluprosessien kehittämiseen keskittyvää projektia, jonka keskipisteessä ovat isännöintipalvelut ja niiden kehittäminen kohdeyrityksen tarpeiden mukaisesti. Diplomityössä keskitytään isännöintipalveluiden kehittämiseen palveluiden paketoimisen ja hinnoittelun sekä asiakassegmentoinnin näkökulmasta. Työn tavoitteena oli löytää uusia ratkaisumalleja vastaamaan kohdeyrityksen tulevaisuuden tavoitteisiin samalla huomioiden toimintaympäristön muuttuvat tarpeet. Projekti jakautui kahteen osaan; nykytila-analyysiin ja sen pohjalta rakennettaviin ratkaisuehdotuksiin. Nykytila-analyysin avulla haluttiin löytää nykyisen toiminnan keskeisimmät ongelmakohdat, joihin haettiin sittemmin ratkaisua palveluiden uudelleenpaketoimisen myötä. Merkittävimpiä havaittuja ongelmatekijöitä olivat työn kuormittavuuden epätasainen jakautuminen ja se, ettei kuormittavuutta huomioitu tavassa tuottaa tai hinnoitella palveluita. Kuormittavuuden epätasainen jakautuminen otettiin lähtökohdaksi asiakassegmentoinnin ja palveluiden uudelleenpaketoinnin toteuttamisessa.