Rehabilitation of executive functions: Implications and strategies

Executive Functions (EF) concern a range of abilitiesincluding problem-solving, planning, initiation, selfmonitoring,conscious attention, cope with new situationsand the ability to modify plans if necessary. It’s ahigh cognitive function that is crucial for a person to getengaged and maintain daily activities whilst keeping agood quality of life. Problems in the EF were formerlyknown as Dysexecutive Syndrome (DS). There are manymodels concerning DS, although the literature on thesubject still remains unclear. Several works appoint theeffects brought by elderly life, as well as abuse of drugsand some psychopathologies. These factors are knownto increase the distress of the frontal circuits and thatcould be associated to executive deficits. The effects ofDS would compromise individuals in day-to-day routine,academic, social and labor fields. There is a growingbody of studies trying to determine the causes, implications,associations and the best way to take care of theseeffects. This work intends to review DS, focusing on themost important fields related to this area, such as psychopathologyassociations, cognitive reserve, assessmentand cognitive rehabilitation programs.

Intervention strategies on teachers focused on creating meaningful educational environments for mathematical abilities development

This article describes an intervention process undertaken in a training program for preschool and first grade teachers from public schools in Cali, Colombia. The objective of this process is to provide a space for teachers to reflect on pedagogical practices which allow them to generate educational processes that foster children’s understanding of mathematical knowledge in the classroom. A set of support strategies was presented for helping teachers in the design, analysis and implementation of learning environments as meaningful educational spaces. Furthermore, participants engaged in an analysis of their own intervention modalities to identify which modalities facilitate the development of mathematical abilities in children. In order to ascertain the transformations in the teachers’ learning environments, the mathematical competences and cognitive processes underlying the activities proposed in the classroom, as well as teacher intervention modalities and the types of student participation in classroom activities were examined both before and after the intervention process. Transformations in the teachers’ conceptions about the children’s abilities and their own practices in teaching mathematics in the classroom were evidenced.

Primary Prevention and Screening Strategies for Colorectal Cancer: Which Strategy Should Take?

Objective: To explore and define the utility of different strategies for primary prevention (ASA, diet, physical activity) and strategies of screening test (FOBT, sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, etc.) for colorectal cancer. Data source: Databases consulted were MEDLINE (1966 to 2006), DARE (1980 to 2006), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Collaboration’s Registry of Clinical Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and LILACS. Study selection: Studies such clinical trial, cohort and case-control studies of the effectiveness of tests for screening and primary prevention adenoma and colorectal cancer were identified by two reviewers. Data Extraction: The extraction of data and its evaluation is done in most of the process so paired. Limitations: Not strictly complies with the methodology of a systematic review and therefore reproducibility is questionable, the conclusions of this study should be extrapolated with caution. Conclusions: The major strategy of screening on the effectiveness of early detection of premalignant lesions or cancer is colonoscopy every 5 years, however it is necessary to evaluate this measure cost-effectiveness studies. For primary prevention, aspirin and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors reduce the incidence of colorectal adenomas. Aspirin can reduce colorectal cancer incidence. However, these medications may be associated with a significant risk of cardiovascular events and gastrointestinal bleeding. The balance between risks and benefits must be evaluated in future studies.

On the exhaustiveness of truncation and dropping strategies in many-to-many matching markets

We consider two–sided many–to–many matching markets in which each worker may work for multiple firms and each firm may hire multiple workers. We study individual and group manipulations in centralized markets that employ (pairwise) stable mechanisms and that require participants to submit rank order lists of agents on the other side of the market. We are interested in simple preference manipulations that have been reported and studied in empirical and theoretical work: truncation strategies, which are the lists obtained by removing a tail of least preferred partners from a preference list, and the more general dropping strategies, which are the lists obtained by only removing partners from a preference list (i.e., no reshuffling). We study when truncation / dropping strategies are exhaustive for a group of agents on the same side of the market, i.e., when each match resulting from preference manipulations can be replicated or improved upon by some truncation / dropping strategies. We prove that for each stable mechanism, truncation strategies are exhaustive for each agent with quota 1 (Theorem 1). We show that this result cannot be extended neither to group manipulations (even when all quotas equal 1 – Example 1), nor to individual manipulations when the agent’s quota is larger than 1 (even when all other agents’ quotas equal 1 – Example 2). Finally, we prove that for each stable mechanism, dropping strategies are exhaustive for each group of agents on the same side of the market (Theorem 2), i.e., independently of the quotas.

Developing learning strategies : activitats d'anglès amb ordinador per a desenvolupar estratègies d'aprenentatge per alumnes d'educació secundaria obligatòria. 'Developing learning strategies : actividades de inglés con ordenador para desarrollar estrategias de aprendizaje para alumnos de educación secundaria obligatoria'.

El sistema CLIC puede bajarse de la siguiente dirección: http://www.xtec.es/recursos/clic/esp/info/download.htm

L'aparell locomotor 1.1. 'El aparato locomotor 1.1'.

Programa sobre Windows para Ciencias Naturales en Secundaria. Analiza la anatomía del cuerpo humano desde tres bloques divididos. El esqueleto, los músculos y las articulaciones. A su vez cada uno de esos bloques se subdivide en cinco partes: cabeza, tronco, brazos derecho e izquierdo y extremidades inferiores, salvo en el apartado de las articulaciones que se articulan como un solo bloque. A partir de esa segmentación desarrolla una serie de actividades que van desde una exploración, con localización y ficha técnica de cada pieza, hasta un rompecabezas para recomponer cada fragmento, pasando por juegos de flechas dibujo-nombre u otros.

Communicative competence in Spanish-English cross-cultural language education : some pedagogic strategies drawn from the national arts.

Resumen tomado de la publicación

Vocabulary adquisition strategies.

Resumen tomado de la publicación

Combining affective strategies and the Internet for learning second languages. 'La combinación de estrategias afectivas e Internet para el aprendizaje de segundas lenguas'.

Resumen en español. Resumen basado en el de la publicación

The role of triggering strategies in the foreing language class. 'El papel de las estrategias de provocación en la clase de lengua extranjera'.

Se analizan los procesos de aprendizaje y las estrategias para la adquisición de la lengua extranjera.

Reading science : strategies for english language learners. High beginning.

Forma parte de una serie que ayuda a los estudiantes de inglés en la comprensión de textos del área de ciencias, para lo cual utiliza unas estrategias básicas de lectura; también, construye un vocabulario conceptual y de palabras académicas. Incluye formatos normalizados de evaluación que preparan a los alumnos para los exámenes normalizados.

Professional development for language teachers: strategies for teacher learning.

Examina diez enfoques diferentes para facilitar el desarrollo profesional en la enseñanza de idiomas: auto-escucha, profesor de grupos de apoyo, observación de la clase, análisis crítico de incidentes, análisis de casos, los compañeros de entrenamiento, equipo docente, investigación-acción El capítulo introductorio ofrece un marco conceptual de la naturaleza de la formación del profesorado. Todos los capítulos contienen ejemplos prácticos y preguntas de reflexión para ayudar a los lectores aplicar el enfoque de la enseñanza en su propio contexto. Bibliografía al final de los capítulos. Tiene índice.

From reader to reading teacher : issues and strategies for second language classrooms.

Se utiliza en cursos de introducción a la enseñanza de la lectura en una segunda lengua y esta dirigido a profesores tanto principiantes, que encuentran información práctica sobre métodos, problemas y estrategias, como experimentados, a los que proporciona métodos más eficaces y un plan de estudios más flexible. El texto analiza la naturaleza de la lectura y las estrategias personales ante ella, así como, los factores que influyen en la lectura en una lengua materna y la realizada en un segundo idioma. Los profesores aprenden a seleccionar las actividades de lectura más apropiadas y a planificar las lecciones más eficaces para sus alumnos.

Unidad didáctica de Educación Física : Educación Secundaria Obligatoria : estudio del sistema locomotor a través del trabajo de fuerza y de flexibilidad.

La presente unidad didáctica aborda el estudio del sistema locomotor acompañado del trabajo de mejora de la condición física en los aspectos de fuerza y flexibilidad. La unidad pretende: A) Que el alumno conozca mejor su cuerpo. B) Que el alumno sea consciente de cúal es la finalidad de los distintos ejercicios físicos que trabaja. C) Dotar al alumno de conocimientos que pueda emplear a lo largo de su vida y que le permitan mantenerse en forma. D) Capacitar al alumno para que relacione los conceptos teóricos con la práctica. E) Mejorar su condición física.

What really works in special and inclusive education : using evidence-based teaching strategies.

En este manual se presentan una serie de estrategias que los educadores pueden implementar en el aula con alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales, con el objetivo de ayudarles a tener un aprendizaje de calidad y buenos resultados sociales. Cada una de las veinticuatro estrategias incluidas en el manual tiene una base sustancial de investigación, una justificación teórica, directrices prácticas sobre cómo puede emplearse, así como consejos sobre su uso. Si bien el libro se centra en alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales, la mayor parte de las estrategias son aplicables a todos los alumnos.