777 resultados para Quality management
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This report describes my experience of nine months as a trainee of a CRO (Eurotrials, Scientific Consultants), as well as a trainee of a clinical research site (Clinical Academic Center – Braga, Association). This document describes the European framework about clinical research and the Portuguese situation compared to similar countries. The activities developed during this internship are also described. These activities are divided in two phases. The first one occurred in Eurotrials, Scientific Consultants, a CRO specialized in clinical research and scientific advice. The first weeks were dedicated to intensive self-training needed to perform CTA tasks. These tasks included qualification, initiation and monitoring activities related to clinical trials, as well as the development of a quality management system. The second phase took place on 2CA-Braga, a clinical research center located in Hospital of Braga. Clinical studies coordination was the main focus of this second phase of my internship, as well as negotiation of clinical studies agreements. I had also the opportunity to participate in “1as Jornadas de Investigação Clínica e Inovação” (1st Clinical Investigation and Innovation Conference) organized by 2CA-Braga. Globally, this internship was a great opportunity to get knowledge and experience in the implementation and management of clinical trials, in a CRO and clinical research site perspectives. These two perspectives provided an interesting overview about the scientific needs of different players involved in clinical research. To conclude, this internship strengthened the knowledge acquired from my academic background, which make me able to face and overcome new challenges in the clinical research area.
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A implementação de um Sistema de Gestão da Qualidade segundo as normas internacionais implica o cumprimento de vários requisitos. As características específicas de cada empresa requerem o estudo prévio das medidas a implementar. O presente trabalho diz respeito a um relatório de estágio desenvolvido por cinco meses na empresa Sistemas e Técnicas Industriais, Lda., uma fábrica metalomecânica de equipamentos para estações de tratamento de águas residuais, com o intuito de desenvolver um Sistema de Gestão da Qualidade (SGQ) segundo a NP EN ISO 9001:2008, Numa primeira fase foi analisada e interpretada as atividades da empresa, assim como os processos inerentes à mesma. Procedeu-se ao estudo dos requisitos da norma, a análise da documentação do SGQ existente. Como resultado do trabalho, foi possível identificar e classificar os processos, reestruturar a Política e o Manual da Qualidade assim como desenvolver modelos e recomendações necessárias para cumprimento da Norma. Concluiu-se com este trabalho que a empresa possui a maior parte dos documentos exigidos pela norma, no entanto, a maioria dos procedimentos, instruções de trabalho e modelos não estão implementados no cotidiano da empresa.
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Florações de cianobactérias nocivas ocorrem frequentemente em reservatórios brasileiros, devido ao incremento de nutrientes pela eutrofização e pelas mudanças climáticas, como o aquecimento global. Estas florações alteram a qualidade dos corpos hídricos, produzindo compostos de gosto e odor e cianotoxinas, que representam um problema para as Estações de Tratamento de Água (ETAs). Estes compostos, quando dissolvidos na água dificultam os tratamentos convencionais. Além das cianobacérias, um dinoflagelado exótico tem ocorrido em águas doces brasileiras, incluindo reservatórios utilizados para o abastecimento público. Os reservatórios de Caxias do Sul (RS – Brasil) são gerenciados pelo Serviço Autônomo Municipal de Água e Esgoto (SAMAE) e apresentam um histórico de florações de cianobactérias nocivas, como Dolichospermum Bory de Saint-Vincent ex Bornet & Flahault e Microcystis (Kützing) ex Lemmermann, dentre outras. Além disso, desde 2012, tem ocorrido nestes reservatórios florações de Ceratium furcoides. Este organismo quando em extensas florações tem sido relacionado à perda da qualidade dos corpos hídricos. O reservatório Maestra foi construído entre os anos de 1965-1970 e abastece 22% da população de Caxias do Sul. Este reservatório fornece água para a ETA Celeste Gobatto, que utiliza o método convencional de tratamento da água. Este trabalho esta estruturado em três capítulos. O primeiro consiste de uma revisão bibliográfica de assuntos relavantes acerca do histórico do monitoramento da qualidade dos reservatórios no Brasil, da biologia de algas e cianobactérias, e as principais cianotixinas e acidentes devido à intoxicação no Brasil. Além disso, é feita uma breve revisão sobre o tratamento convencional da água, mostrando a importância de cada etapa para a remoção das impurezas, de acordo com os padrões de potabilidade da Portaria 2914. O segundo capítulo é manuscrito na forma de artigo científico intítulado “Composição de algas, cianobactérias e cianotoxinas no reservatório Maestra – Caxias do Sul, RS – Brasil”. Este estudo foi realizado entre janeiro de 2012 a abril de 2013. O terceiro capítulo consta de um manuscrito na forma de artigo científico, intitulado “Efeito do tratamento de água convencional na remoção de algas, cianobactérias e cianotoxinas em uma Estação de Tratamento de Água Convencional”. A eficiência de remoção foi avaliada em escala piloto, em uma Estação de Tratamento de Água de Caxias do Sul – RS a qual utiliza o método convencional de tratamento.
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This study aimed to determine the concentration and inorganic chemical composition of samples from airborne particulate matter inhaled in fine and coarse fractions. Aerosol samples were collected in 2013 and 2014, from sites located in the cities of Londrina and Maringa, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The samples were collected daily (24h) in two campaigns: winter and summer. For the collection, was used a dichotomous sampler with quartz fiber filter with 47 mm in size and 2 µm porosity, 97% efficiency, retaining particles of up to 0.3 µm. Quantification of the airborne particulate matter mass was performed by gravimetry method. The results from Londrina to PM2.5 and MP2,5-10 represent, respectively, 29.2% and 70.8% of airborne particulate matter in the winter campaign (2013), 30.9% (PM2.5) and 69.1 % (MP2,5-10) in the summer campaign (2013), and 35.9% (PM2.5) and 64.1% (MP2,5-10) in the winter 2014 campaign. In the city of Maringa, the results presented the percentage of 42.0% (PM2.5) and 58.0% (MP2,5-10) for the winter season (2014), and 28.8% (PM2.5) and 71.2 % (MP2,5-10) for the summer season (2014). The PM2.5/PM10 ratio was on average 0.3, demonstrating that both cities are developing urban areas. Analysis of the major soluble inorganic species in water (NO3-, SO42- and Cl-) associated with MP2,5-10 were quantified by ion chromatography at the LACA Laboratory in the State University of Londrina, with the largest contribution found in all campaigns was to NO3-. The NO3-/SO42- ratios above 1.0 indicate the local traffic contribution. The analysis of metals associated with PM2.5 was carried out by mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-MS) in the Federal University of Santa Catarina. The Zn, Pb, Cu and Mn concentrations found in all campaigns indicate the contribution of mobile sources to PM2.5. The concentration of BCe in PM2.5 was determined by reflectance, with higher BCe concentrations being found in winter campaigns. In general, Londrina presented the highest concentrations from the species analyzed when compared to Maringá. In addition, the analysis of the air mass trajectories indicated the transportation of pollutants coming mainly from fires in the southeastern region of the country.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão Integrada da Qualidade, Ambiente e Segurança
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão Integrada da Qualidade, Ambiente e Segurança
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão Integrada da Qualidade, Ambiente e Segurança
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão Integrada da Qualidade, Ambiente e Segurança
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Air pollution can threat the environment and public health, and is assess by pollutant ́s concentration measurements in order to verify whether the limits set by environmental agencies are being respected. However, these measures do not indicate immediately the impacts to living beings. To faced this problem, plants are been investigated as potential bioindicators of air pollution and, among them, stand out bromeliads Tillandsia genus which colonize various substrates,. obtaining water and nutrients from the atmosphere directly. In this context, this research assessed the potential of epiphytic bromeliad Tillandsia recurvata (L.) L. found in urbanized areas of the city of Curitiba - PR as a bioindicator of urban air pollution. According to vehicle traffic, five sample points were selected and classified. Points P1 and P2 were classified as high-traffic vehicle due presenting trucks and urban transport; point P3 was classified as moderate traffic due the predominance of private vehicles and urban transport; and points P4 and P5 were classified as low-traffic, presenting circulation of private vehicles only. There were analyzed the abundance of T. recurvata, morphophysiological parameters (leaf area, leaf specific area, sclerophylly index, percentage dry weight / fresh weight, chlorophyll (a + b), analysis of structural mesophyll organization) and the heavy metals accumulation (Fe, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn). The abundance analysis and the results obtained for metals analysis were correlated with the intensity of vehicular traffic, directing the sampling points P1 > P2 = P3 > P4 = P5. This result demonstrate that the abundance of T. recurvata is greater in urban air pollution impacted areas, thus indicating that T. recurvata absorbs and accumulates metals and can be used in biomonitoring of urban air pollution in areas impacted by vehicular traffic. Morphophysiological parameters analyzed shows that the internal plant ́s structure is not significantly impacted by urban air pollution due plant ́s adptations. The presence of absorbing scales, the CAM metabolism pathway and it ́s store water ability, among other features, demonstrate their potential as bio-indicator in urban areas, especially regarding heavy metals accumulation .
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This thesis aimed to evaluate the implementation of the Food Acquisition Program(PAA) through CONAB RN in the period of 2003-2010 with the perception of all agents involved in the implementation of the government program.For the methodological trajectory it was adopted a descriptive bibliographical and documentary approach with triangular qualitative and quantitative, also called evaluative research.The theoretical model was supported by the authors Draibe (2001), Aguilar and Ander-Egg (1994) and Silva(2001), among others, that focused on family farming and evaluation of implementation of public policy having as a category of analysis the size implementation of policy and the latter divided into 10 theoretical dimensions.The universe consisted of three groups: the first were the managers and technicians from CONAB(RN and Brasilia), totaling 15 subjects. The second group was of associations/cooperatives that participated in the programin 2010, totaling a sample in each access of 15 representatives. The third group of subjects totaled with 309 representatives of governmental and non-governmental organizations that received donations of food for the same period. Semi-structured interviews and forms were adopted as instruments of data collection.The data were processed qualitatively by the analysis of content (interviews and documents) and quantitatively by means of statistical tests that allowed inferences and adoption of frequencies. Among the key find ingests that the program is not standing as a structure supported by planning. The interests of the performers do not necessarily converge with the objectives of the Food Acquisition Program (PAA). A shockof goals was identified (within the same program) when comparingthe financial agent (Ministry of Rural Development and of Social Development and Fight Against Hunger Ministry r) and the executor, CONAB/RN. Within the assessed dimensions, the most fragileis the sub-managerial decision-making and Organizational Environment and internal assessment, still deserves attention the sizeof logistical and operational Subsystem, as this also proved weak.The focusin the quest toexpand thequantificationof the resultsof theFood Acquisition Program (PAA)by CONAB/RN does forget a quality management focused on what really should be:the compliance with the institutional objectives of the government program.Finally, the perspective for the traded implementation should be re-examined because excessive discretion by managers along with technical staff has characterized there al role of the Food Acquisition Program (PAA) as public policy. We conclude that the implementation model, which apparently aggregates values to the benefitted citizens, has weakened the context of work on family farms having the management model of the implementation process be reviewed by the Federal Government and point too ther paths, which have as a guide line the emancipation and developmentof the field or in the field andat the same time enables the reduction of nutritional deficiency of beneficiaries in a balanced and coherent way
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão Integrada da Qualidade, Ambiente e Segurança
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ISO 9000 is a family of international standards for quality management, applicable to all sizes of company, whether public or private.Management Systems ISO 9000 quality make up the human side, administrative and operating companies. By integrating these three aspects, the organization takes full advantage of all its resources, making results more efficiently, reducing administrative and operating expenses.With globalization and opening markets this has become a competitive advantage by providing further confidence and evidence to all customers, subcontractors, personnel and other stakeholders that the organization is committed to establishing, maintaining and improving levels acceptable quality products and services.Another advantage of quality systems is the clear definition of policies and functions, the staff is utilized according to their ability and focus on real customer needs.It should be mentioned that to achieve these benefits, it is necessary that management of the organization, is committed to the development of its quality system and to allocate financial and human resources to do so. These resources are minimal compared with the benefits you can achieve.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão Integrada da Qualidade, Ambiente e Segurança
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A implementação de sistemas de gestão da qualidade na área da educação e formação permite reforçar e consolidar as organizações que atuam num mercado cada vez mais competitivo, permitindo-lhes satisfazer, numa base permanente e sistemática, as expetativas dos clientes através do fornecimento de produtos de formação de melhor qualidade. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é explorar a temática dos sistemas de gestão da qualidade ao nível do setor de educação. Em específico pretende-se efetuar uma revisão de literatura sobre qualidade, formação e ensino à distância;analisar normas, projetos e iniciativas em matéria de ensino à distância e implementar um Sistema de Gestão da Formação, de acordo com a NP 4512, numa unidade de e-learning. A metodologia adotada foi investigação–ação e centrou-se no levantamento bibliográfico e na aplicação dos conceitos num contexto específico de um organização de ensino. Foi escolhida a unidade de e-learning do IPP (e-IPP) como contexto do estudo por ser uma unidade de ensino superior. Os principais resultados obtidos são: (1) maior conhecimento das normas projetos e iniciativas em matéria de ensino à distância a nível nacional e europeu; (2) análise detalhada da recente norma portuguesa NP 4512; (3) elaboração da documentação associada ao Sistema de Gestão da Formação (SGF) na unidade e-IPP, em específico, identificação e monitorização dos processos, descrição dos procedimentos obrigatórios e elaboração do manual do SGF. Como principal limitação deste estudo destaca-se a implementação parcial do sistema de gestão da formação na unidade e-IPP, devido à falta de tempo e à falta de maturidade da unidade e-IPP.