Paloma e Isidro pasean por Madrid

Este material did??ctico, dirigido al segundo ciclo de Infantil, intenta proporcionar al ni??o unos primeros conocimientos sobre la Comunidad de Madrid. Se compone de juegos, puzzles, marionetas de palo y libro de pictogramas; cada uno de estos juegos va acompa??ado de una ficha que recoge objetivos, materiales utilizados, forma de jugar, n??mero de jugadores y edad recomendada. Incluye una propuesta did??ctica, para conocer Madrid y su Comunidad, que integra los tres ??mbitos del curriculo de Educaci??n Infantil, con objetivos generales y contenidos conceptuales, procedimentales y actividades interrelacionadas.

Matem??ticas y literatura de 0 a 3 : la mariquita gru??ona

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El cuento y la creatividad como preparaci??n a la resoluci??n de problemas matem??ticos

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Minbizia duten haurrak heztea. Familiarentzako eta irakasleentzako gida

Existe una versi??n en espa??ol, con el t??tulo "Educar a ni??os y ni??as con c??ncer. Gu??a para la familia y el profesorado"

Una realidad cl??nica en el aula y en casa

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Escala de Desarrollo Gr??fico

El objeto de esta investigaci??n es, por un lado, el estudio del dibujo infantil, analizando los procesos que llevan al ni??o desde el garabateo hasta el realismo, y, por otro, el dise??o de un instrumento de trabajo para el docente, que el autor de la tesis denomina ???Escala de Desarrollo Gr??fico???, y que consiste en una metodolog??a de an??lisis y valoraci??n formal del dibujo infantil basada en la alfabetizaci??n visual. Tras una fundamentaci??n te??rica del trabajo se realiza la propuesta metodol??gica. Se parte de la hip??tesis de que la percepci??n visual constituye un proceso cognitivo sujeto a una evoluci??n propia, caracter??stica, educable e interdependiente de otros procesos cognitivos, en un medio natural concreto y en un medio cultural determinado y determinante. Una segunda hip??tesis de trabajo, consiste en que la realizaci??n de dibujos y composiciones pl??sticas se basa en una adecuada percepci??n de los objetos a representar y que las representaciones concretas de lo percibido son analizables con criterios objetivos y explicitables, mostrando diversos grados de habilidad o evoluci??n, por lo que esos aspectos concretos pueden constituir un proceso objetivo de ense??anza ??? aprendizaje ??? evaluaci??n similar al que caracteriza a otras ??reas de conocimiento. Por alfabetizaci??n visual se entiende un concepto amplio, que abarca no s??lo el dibujo y la pl??stica en general, sino que se refiere a todo lo que es imagen, porque se trata de capacitar al alumno para que utilice la imagen como un instrumento cultural m??s. El desarrollo gr??fico es parte integrante del concepto de alfabetizaci??n o educaci??n visual y esta tesis pretende contribuir a centrar la ense??anza de la Expresi??n Pl??stica precisamente en ese ???desarrollo gr??fico??? revisando la validez de este planteamiento. Sin pretender que el ???desarrollo gr??fico??? sea el ??nico referente en la evaluaci??n de la Expresi??n Pl??stica, se sostiene que s?? debe ser el referente principal y que es posible medir ese desarrollo con criterios objetivos y expl??citos. Para ello se dise??a una escala de desarrollo gr??fico, que ser?? el fundamento de la tercera parte del estudio, donde se realiza la investigaci??n emp??rica. Sobre unos ochocientos dibujos realizados por alumnos de Infantil y Primaria de diversos centros del Principado de Asturias con edades comprendidas entre los tres y los siete a??os se selecciona al azar una muestra de doscientos cincuenta dibujos que se somete al an??lisis del instrumento dise??ado. Finalmente, se analizan y comentan los resultados obtenidos por edades.

Aplicaci??n de un programa de educaci??n psicomotriz en un caso con s??ndrome de Down

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Observar, fer i pensar des de l'educaci?? visual i pl??stica : reflexions i experi??ncies

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La pr??ctica como la teor??a del cambio : investigaci??n sobre profesores y su formaci??n

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Soil mobility of sewage sludge-derived dissolved organic matter, copper, nickel and zinc

A soil (sandy loam) column leaching study aimed to determine the extent of mobility and co-mobility of Cu, Ni, Zn and dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from a surface-application (equivalent to 50 t ds ha(-1)) of anaerobically-digested sewage sludge. Leaching of DOM through It the soil column was found to be almost un-retarded. Decidedly similar behaviour was exhibited by Ni suggesting that it migrated as organic complexes. Whilst Cu was also found to be leached, significant retardation was evident. However, the importance of DOM in promoting the mobility of both Cu and Ni was evidenced by their lack of mobility when added to the soil column as inorganic forms. The presence of DOM did not prevent Zn from becoming completely adsorbed by the soil solid phase. In relation to WHO drinking water guidelines, only Ni concentrations showed potential environmental significance. due to the relatively poor retention of Ni by the sludge solid phase. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Influence of dissolved organic matter on the solubility of heavy metals in sewage-sludge-amended soils

Sewage-sludge-amended soils generally contain elevated levels of organic matter and heavy metals compared to control soils. Because organic matter is known to complex with heavy metals, the solubility behavior of the organic matter in such soils may exert a significant influence on the solubility of the metals. Little is known about such a process. Using batch experiments in which the solubility of organic matter in a heavily sludge-amended soil was artificially manipulated, we show that the solubilities of the heavy metals copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) show a strong positive relationship to the solubility of organic matter, particularly at high pH. The results suggest that under field conditions, spatiotemporal variations in the solid-solution partitioning of organic matter may have a bearing on the environmental significance (mobility and bioavailability) of these heavy metals.

Comparison of EDTA and EDDS as potential soil amendments for enhanced phytoextraction of heavy metals

Phytoextraction has been proposed as an alternative remediation technology for soils polluted with heavy metals or radionuclides, but is generally conceived as too slow working. Enhancing the accumulation of trace pollutants in harvestable plant tissues is a prerequisite for the technology to be practically applicable. The chelating aminopolycarboxylic acid, ethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA), has been found to enhance shoot accumulation of heavy metals. However, the use of EDTA in phytoextraction may not be suitable due to its high environmental persistence, which may lead to groundwater contamination. This paper aims to assess whether ethylene diamine disuccinate (EDDS), a biodegradable chelator, can be used for enhanced phytoextraction purposes. A laboratory experiment was conducted to examine mobilisation of Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn into the soil solution upon application of EDTA or EDDS. The longevity of the induced mobilisation was monitored for a period of 40 days after application. Estimated effect half lives ranged between 3.8 and 7.5 days for EDDS, depending on the applied dose. The minimum observed effect half life of EDTA was 36 days, while for the highest applied dose no decrease was observed throughout the 40 day period of the mobilisation experiment. Performance of EDTA and EDDS for phytoextraction was evaluated by application to Helianthus annuus. Two other potential chelators, known for their biodegradability in comparison to EDTA, were tested in the plant experiment: nitrilo acetic acid (NTA) and citric acid. Uptake of heavy metals was higher in EDDS-treated pots than in EDTA-treated pots. The effects were still considered insufficiently high to consider efficient remediation. This may be partly due to the choice of timing for application of the soil amendment. Fixing the time of application at an earlier point before harvest may yield better results. NTA and citric acid induced no significant effects on heavy metal uptake. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Record of natural and anthropogenic changes in reef environments (Barbados West Indies) using laser ablation ICP-MS and sclerochronology on coral cores

Coral growth rate can be affected by environmental parameters such as seawater temperature, depth, and light intensity. The natural reef environment is also disturbed by human influences such as anthropogenic pollutants, which in Barbados are released close to the reefs. Here we describe a relatively new method of assessing the history of pollution and explain how these effects have influenced the coral communities off the west coast of Barbados. We evaluate the relative impact of both anthropogenic pollutants and natural stresses. Sclerochronology documents framework and skeletal growth rate and records pollution history (recorded as reduced growth) for a suite of sampled Montastraea annularis coral cores. X-radiography shows annual growth band patterns of the corals extending back over several decades and indicates significantly lower growth rate in polluted sites. Results using laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) on the whole sample (aragonite, organic matter, trapped particulate matter, etc.), have shown contrasting concentrations of the trace elements (Cu, Sn, Zn, and Pb) between corals at different locations and within a single coral. Deepwater corals 7 km apart, record different levels of Pb and Sn, suggesting that a current transported the metal pollution in the water. In addition, the 1995 hurricanes are associated with anomalous values for Sn and Cu from most sites. These are believed to result from dispersion of nearshore polluted water. We compared the concentrations of trace elements in the coral growth of particular years to those in the relevant contemporaneous seawater. Mean values for the concentration factor in the coral, relative to the water, ranged from 10 for Cu and Ni to 2.4 and 0.7 for Cd and Zn, respectively. Although the uncertainties are large (60-80%), the coral record enabled us to demonstrate the possibility of calculating a history of seawater pollution for these elements from the 1940s to 1997. Our values were much higher than those obtained from analysis of carefully cleaned coral aragonite; they demonstrate the incorporation of more contamination including that from particulate material as well as dissolved metals.

Microwave activation of the electro-oxidation of glucose in alkaline media

The oxidation of glucose is a complex process usually requiring catalytically active electrode surfaces or enzyme modified electrodes. In this study the effect of high intensity microwave radiation on the oxidation of glucose in alkaline solution at Au, Cu, and Ni electrodes is reported. Calibration experiments with the Fe(CN)(6)(3-/4-) redox system in aqueous 0.1 M NaOH indicate that strong thermal effects occur at both 50 and 500 mu m diameter electrodes with temperatures reaching 380 K. Extreme mass transport effects with mass transport coefficients of k(mt) > 0.01 m s(-1) (or k(mt) > 1.0 cm s(-1)) are observed at 50 mu m diameter electrodes in the presence of microwaves. The electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose at 500 mu m diameter Au, Cu, or Ni electrodes immersed in 0.1 M NaOH and in the presence of microwave radiation is shown to be dominated by kinetic control. The magnitude of glucose oxidation currents at Cu electrodes is shown to depend on the thickness of a pre-formed oxide layer. At 50 mu m diameter Au, Cu, or Ni electrodes microwave enhanced current densities are generally higher, but only at Au electrodes is a significantly increased rate for the electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose to gluconolactone observed. This rate enhancement appears to be independent of temperature but microwave intensity dependent, and therefore non-thermal in nature. Voltammetric currents observed at Ni electrodes in the presence of microwaves show the best correlation with glucose concentration and are therefore analytically most useful.

Microwave activation of the electro-oxidation of glucose in alkaline media

The oxidation of glucose is a complex process usually requiring catalytically active electrode surfaces or enzyme-modified electrodes. In this study the effect of high intensity microwave radiation on the oxidation of glucose in alkaline solution at Au, Cu, and Ni electrodes is reported. Calibration experiments with the Fe(CN)63–/4– redox system in aqueous 0.1 M NaOH indicate that strong thermal effects occur at both 50 and 500 µm diameter electrodes with temperatures reaching 380 K. Extreme mass transport effects with mass transport coefficients of kmt > 0.01 m s–1(or kmt > 1.0 cm s–1) are observed at 50 µm diameter electrodes in the presence of microwaves. The electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose at 500 µm diameter Au, Cu, or Ni electrodes immersed in 0.1 M NaOH and in the presence of microwave radiation is shown to be dominated by kinetic control. The magnitude of glucose oxidation currents at Cu electrodes is shown to depend on the thickness of a pre-formed oxide layer. At 50 µm diameter Au, Cu, or Ni electrodes microwave enhanced current densities are generally higher, but only at Au electrodes is a significantly increased rate for the electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose to gluconolactone observed. This rate enhancement appears to be independent of temperature but microwave intensity dependent, and therefore non-thermal in nature. Voltammetric currents observed at Ni electrodes in the presence of microwaves show the best correlation with glucose concentration and are therefore analytically most useful.