The physical classroom environment : roles, conceptions, and preferences

The problem addressed in this thesis is that a considerable proportion of students around the world attend school in inadequate facilities, which is detrimental for the students’ learning outcome. The overall objective in this thesis is to develop a methodology, with a novel approach to involve teachers, to generate a valuable basis for decisions regarding design and improvement of physical school environment, based on the expressed needs for a specific school, municipality, or district as well as evidence from existing research. Three studies have been conducted to fulfil the objective: (1) a systematic literature review and development of a theoretical model for analysing the role of the physical environment in schools; (2) semi structured interviews with teachers to get their conceptions of the physical school environment; (3) a stated preference study with experimental design as an online survey. Wordings from the transcripts from the interview study were used when designing the survey form. The aim of the stated preference study was to examine the usability of the method when applied in this new context of physical school environment. The result is the methodology with a mixed method chain where the first step involves a broad investigation of the specific circumstances and conceptions for the specific school, municipality, or district. The second step is to use the developed theoretical model and results from the literature study to analyse the results from the first step and transform them in to a format that fits the design of a stated preference study. The final step is a refined version of the procedure of the performed stated preference study.

NGL Project: Sub-project “Flipped Classroom” : Course “Organization Theory” (FÖ1039)

This paper is the final report from the NGL project implementing the flipped classroom approach into the undergraduate course "Organization Theory". The report describes the implementation and evaluates the outcomes of flipped classroom teaching/learning using the students' survey and statistics from YouTube analytics and the learning management platform Fronter.

"It’s just very natural" – interpersonal knowledge as a didactical device in guided classroom conversations in religious education

This article investigates how teachers in religious education (RE) think and act as professionals while working with differences in religious and philosophy of life experiences and beliefs in class and trying to do this in respectful and inclusive ways. It analyses data from two research projects that were carried out in lower secondary school in Norway. The main research question is: What is the relationship between teachers’ contextual knowledge and knowledge of the child and how do these two dimensions of professional knowledge interact when religious education teachers try to strike a good balance between inclusion and productive learning in their teaching practice? The data analysed were drawn from three different data sets featuring three Norwegian religious education-teachers. The research was part of the EU-funded "REDCo"-project and the "Religious education and diversity" - project ["ROM"] funded by the Norwegian Research Council. The interviewees emphasized the potential of the religious education subject to contribute to a wider tolerance for difference and to support individual students in their identity management. The analysis shows, however, that considerable contextual awareness - of the classroom and of the local community - is needed to realize this potential. It also shows the importance of interpersonal knowledge between the teacher and each student if contextual awareness is to be effective in terms of inclusion, participation, wellbeing and good learning outcomes for all students.

Accessible Immersion Metrics (AIM) for Second Language Acquisition : A Constructivist Innovation for the ESL Classroom

Abstract: This study was designed to validate a constructivist learning framework, herein referred to as Accessible Immersion Metrics (AIM), for second language acquisition (SLA) as well as to compare two delivery methods of the same framework. The AIM framework was originally developed in 2009 and is proposed as a “How to” guide for the application of constructivist learning principles to the second language classroom. Piloted in 2010 at Champlain College St-Lambert, the AIM model allows for language learning to occur, free of a fixed schedule, to be socially constructive through the use of task-based assessments and relevant to the learner’s life experience by focusing on the students’ needs rather than on course content.||Résumé : Cette étude a été principalement conçu pour valider un cadre d'apprentissage constructiviste, ci-après dénommé Accessible Immersion Metrics - AIM, pour l'acquisition d'une langue seconde - SLA. Le cadre de l'AIM est proposé comme un mode d'emploi pour l'application des principes constructivistes à l'apprentissage d’une langue seconde. Créé en 2009 par l'auteur, et piloté en 2010 au Collège Champlain St-Lambert, le modèle de l'AIM permet l'apprentissage des langues à se produire, sans horaire fixe et socialement constructive grâce à l'utilisation des évaluations alignées basées sur des tâches pertinentes à l'expérience de vie de l'étudiant en se concentrant sur les besoins des élèves plutôt que sur le contenu des cours.

Clickers versus hand-raising in the physics college classroom : do clickers make a difference?

Abstract: Students who are actively involved in the learning process tend to develop deeper knowledge than those in traditional lecture classrooms (Beatty, 2007; Crouch & Mazur, 2001; Hake, 1998; Richardson, 2003). An instructional strategy that promotes active involvement is Peer Instruction. This strategy encourages student engagement by asking them to respond to conceptual multiple-choice questions intermittently throughout the lecture. These questions can be responded to by using an electronic hand-held device commonly known as a clicker that enables students’ responses to be displayed on a screen. When clickers are not available, a show of hands or other means can be used. The literature suggests that the impact on student learning is the same, whether the teacher uses clickers or simply asks students to raise their hand or use flashcards when responding to the questions (Lasry, 2007). This critical analysis argues that using clickers to respond to these in-class conceptual multiple-choice questions as opposed to using a show of hands leads to deeper conceptual understanding, better performance on tests, and greater overall enjoyment during class.||Résumé: Les étudiants qui sont activement impliqués dans le processus d'apprentissage ont tendance à développer des connaissances plus approfondies que lors de cours traditionnels (Beatty, 2007; Crouch & Mazur, 2001; Hake, 1998; Richardson, 2003). Une stratégie d'enseignement qui favorise la participation active est l’apprentissage par les pairs. Cette stratégie d’enseignement encourage l'engagement des élèves en leur demandant de répondre à des questions à choix multiples conceptuelles à plusieurs reprises durant le déroulement du cours. Ces questions peuvent être répondues à l'aide d'un appareil portatif électronique (un « clicker ») qui permet d’afficher de façon anonyme les réponses des élèves sur un écran. Si les clickers ne sont pas disponibles, les étudiants peuvent aussi répondre aux questions en levant la main. La littérature suggère que la méthode utilisée n’a pas d’impact sur l'apprentissage des élèves, que l'enseignant utilise des clickers, des flashcards ou qu’il demande simplement aux élèves de lever la main pour répondre aux questions (Lasry, 2007). Cette analyse critique fait valoir que l'utilisation de clickers pour répondre à ces questions à choix multiples conceptuelles en classe, plutôt que de faire lever la main aux étudiants, résulte en une compréhension conceptuelle plus approfondie, une meilleure performance aux examens et plus de plaisir pendant les cours.

Empathetic Practice: Reflective Reading Journals in the CEGEP Classroom

Abstract: In order to observe whether or not students appreciate the opportunity to learn affectively, this research was designed as an exploratory project aimed at identifying the ways in which reflective reading journals enabled students to respond empathetically to works of literary fiction. To understand the relationship between the act of reading and the experience of empathy, several questions were asked. The main question was: In what ways do reflective reading journals encourage students to read and understand works of fiction empathetically? Related concerns were taken into consideration: How do students describe their experience of empathy in response to the literary techniques such as plot and characterization? Students were also expected to consider the ways in which their thoughts on writing reflective reading journals underscored the need to forge empathetic awareness of the variety of opinions, experiences, and perspectives expressed in the works of fiction.||Résumé: Dans le but d'observer si les étudiants apprécient ou non la possibilité d'apprendre affectivement, cette recherche a été conçue comme un projet exploratoire visant à identifier les moyens que les journaux de lecture de réflexion ont permis aux étudiants de répondre avec empathie aux oeuvres de fiction littéraire. Pour comprendre la relation entre l'acte de lecture et l'expérience de l'empathie, plusieurs questions ont été posées. La question principale était la suivante: de quelles façons les journaux de lecture de réflexion encouragent les étudiants à lire et comprendre des oeuvres de fiction avec empathie? Des préoccupations du même ordre ont été prises en considération: Comment les étudiants décrivent-ils leur expérience de l'empathie en réponse aux techniques littéraires telles que l'intrigue et la caractérisation? Les étudiants doivent aussi examiner les façons dont leurs idées sur la rédaction de journaux de lecture de réflexion ont mis en évidence la nécessité de forger la prise de conscience empathique de la diversité d'opinions, d'expériences et de perspectives exprimée dans les oeuvres de fiction.

Dokumentation der Befragungsinstrumente der Interventionsstudie im Projekt “Conditions and Consequences of Classroom Assessment” (Co²CA)

Das im Rahmen des DFG-Schwerpunktprogramms „Kompetenzmodelle“ durchgeführte Projekt „Conditions and Consequences of Classroom Assessment“ (Co²CA) geht in vier Teilstudien der Frage nach, wie formatives Assessment im Unterricht gestaltet werden kann, um sowohl eine präzise Leistungsmessung zu ermöglichen als auch positive Wirkungen auf den Lehr-Lernprozess zu erreichen. Das Project Co²CA leistet damit einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Erforschung zweier Kernelemente formativen Assessments – der detaillierten Diagnose von Schülerleistungen und der Nutzung der gewonnenen Informationen in Form lernförderlichen Feedbacks. Zentrale Idee von formativem Assessment (Lernbegleitende Leistungsbeurteilung und –rückmeldung) ist es mit Hilfe von Leistungsmessungen Informationen über den Lernstand der Schülerinnen und Schüler zu gewinnen und diese Informationen für die Gestaltung des weiteren Lehr- und Lernprozess zu nutzen. Den Lernenden kann auf Basis der Leistungsbeurteilung lernförderliches Feedback gegeben werden, um so die Diskrepanz zwischen Lernstand und Lernziel zu verringern. Die Kernelemente formativem Assessments bestehen also aus einer detaillierten Diagnose des Lernstandes und der Nutzung der gewonnen Informationen – z.B. in Form von Feedback. [...] Das vorliegende Skalenhandbuch dokumentiert die in der Unterrichtsstudie eingesetzten Befragungsinstrumente für Schülerinnen und Schüler sowie für Lehrkräfte. (DIPF/Autor)

Norm Friesen: The Place of the Classroom and the Space of the Screen, Relational Pedagogy and Internet Technology. New York, Bern etc.: Lang 2011 [Rezension]

Rezension von: Norm Friesen: The Place of the Classroom and the Space of the Screen, Relational Pedagogy and Internet Technology, New York, Bern etc.: Lang 2011 (183 S.; ISBN 978-1-4331-0959-1)

Prioritizing Purposes: Two American History Teachers' Choices Among Subject Matter and Classroom-Related Purposes

This study explores how two American history teachers - one novice and one experienced – make in-the-moment choices among their history subject matter and classroom-related purposes during the teaching of an American history unit. Using classroom observations, lesson artifacts, student work products, and deep, retrospective interviews with the teachers as they watched videos of their teaching, this study maps out in detail the teachers’ purposes, both within and across different lesson activity structures. This study finds that the novice and the experienced teacher navigated among their purposes differently from each other, and that the characteristics of each teacher’s purposes navigation aligned with student outcomes in that teacher’s class. The novice teacher acted more like a juggler, with visible, reactive navigation among each purpose operational throughout his teaching; student outcomes in his class were similarly fragmented and discrete. The experienced teacher presented more like an orchestra conductor, interweaving his purposes and anticipating the navigation decisions that would create a more seamless whole; student outcomes in his class were aligned with his holistic navigation of purposes. Findings from this study have important implications for education research and teacher practice, including the relationship between teachers’ navigation among purposes and desired student outcomes, the integral role of classroom-related purposes interwoven with history subject matter purposes in teachers’ decision-making, and the differences in purposes navigation between a novice and an experienced history teacher.

Motivational factors for language learning classroom situations : the self-determination theory in practice

Tesis (Licenciado en Lenguas Castellana, Inglés y Francés).--Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias de La Educación. Licenciatura en Lengua Castellana, Inglés y Francés, 2014

Students and teachers' actions for classroom management: a behavioral incidence in language learning

Tesis (Licenciado en Lenguas Castellana, Inglés y Francés).--Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias de La Educación. Licenciatura en Lengua Castellana, Inglés y Francés, 2014