Acción educativa para la prevención y el tratamiento de la neglicencia parental en el barrio de Can Rull del municipio de Sabadell

Este trabajo se inscribe en el ámbito de la prevención de la negligencia parental. Basado en un proceso teórico-práctico, el programa de intervención está sujeto a la línea de los programas de formación de padres, por lo que sigue una dinámica psico-educativa y comunitaria. Para la realización del trabajo se ha partido de la idea que la familia es la base del desarrollo personal de los humanos y que el buen desarrollo de los menores dependerá en gran parte de las relaciones intrafamiliares. Se establece como objetivo principal ofrecer un servicio específico, estable y continuo, vinculado a los servicios de atención a la infancia y a la familia, que trabaje con el fin de conseguir un cambio conductual en aquellas familias en las que se presente una dinámica parental negligente. La metodología utilizada ha combinado diferentes técnicas de investigación. Para el trabajo de documentación se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica alrededor del concepto de negligencia parental, se han analizado las acciones que se llevan a cabo a nivel institucional y se ha establecido el marco conceptual en el que se incluye tanto los aspectos legal de las diferentes áreas de la administración como aquellos conceptos que forman la estructura de una intervención en el ámbito de la infancia y la familia. También se ha tenido en cuenta la comunicación directa con algunos profesionales del ámbito social, sanitario y educativo como parte importante y determinante del proceso de ejecución del programa. El diseño del programa sigue la metodología del planeamiento estratégico e incluye un diagnóstico preliminar, un plan de acción detallado de las diferentes fases de implementación de la propuesta de intervención, la previsión de mecanismos de evaluación y un presupuesto detallado. En la primera parte del trabajo se refleja la gravedad y el impacto que tiene la negligencia parental en nuestra sociedad, observando la evolución histórica del concepto y la visualización de la problemática a la que va asociado. También se expone la necesidad de crear programas destinados a trabajar esta problemática y una revisión del marco legal que regula la atención a la infancia por parte de las administraciones públicas. En una segunda parte, se propone un programa específico destinado a trabajar la negligencia parental desde una perspectiva de reeducación y cambio conductual. Este proyecto de intervención se ubica en el barrio de Can Rull en Sabadell, del cual se detallan sus especificidades socioeconómicas y su realidad institucional.

Identifying pedagogical, technological and organizational barriers in virtual learning environments

Virtual learning environments are online spaces where learners interact with other learners, teachers, resources and the environment in itself. Although technology is meant to enhance the learning process, there are important issues regarding pedagogical and organizational aspects that must be addressed. In this paper we review the barriers detected in a virtual university which exclusively uses Internet as the main channel of communication, with no face-to-face requirements exceptthose related to final evaluation.

Evolución y retos de la educación virtual : construyendo el e-learning del siglo XXI

Las autoras y autores de este libro ofrecen una descripción de la evolución general del e-learning apuntando los elementos clave hacia los que debe ir evolucionando. Parten de la experiencia y la práctica contrastada con las investigaciones sobre el tema. A lo largo de los distintos capítulos nos muestran cómo vive un estudiante virtual, su papel y la manera en que plantea y organiza sus actividades; nos acercan al profesorado analizando su rol en el diseño de la formación y la comunicación con los estudiantes; hablan de la colaboración, analizando cómo diseñar actividades colaborativas y señalando sus ventajas y límites; describen los diferentes recursos de aprendizaje que podemos disponer en el diseño de los cursos y, por último, acompañan nuestra mirada hacia el futuro próximo analizando las tendencias y los retos a los que debemos hacer frente para construir el e-learning del siglo XXI.

Traducción técnica del capítulo III del libro Advanced Data Warehouse design: from conventional to spatial and temporal applications

The proposal to work on this final project came after several discussions held with Dr. Elzbieta Malinowski Gadja, who in 2008 published the book entitled Advanced Data Warehouse Design: From Conventional to Spatial and Temporal Applications (Data-Centric Systems and Applications). The project was carried out under the technical supervision of Dr. Malinowski and the direct beneficiary was the University of Costa Rica (UCR) where Dr. Malinowski is a professor at the Department of Computer Science and Informatics. The purpose of this project was twofold: First, to translate chapter III of said book with the intention of generating educational material for the use of the UCR and, second, to venture in the field of technical translation related to data warehouse. For the first component, the goal was to generate a final product that would eventually serve as an educational tool for the post-graduate courses of the UCR. For the second component, this project allowed me to acquire new skills and put into practice techniques that have helped me not only to perfom better in my current job as an Assistant Translator of the Inter-American BAnk (IDB), but also to use them in similar projects. The process was lenggthy and required torough research and constant communication with the author. The investigation focused on the search of terms and definitions to prepare the glossary, which was the basis to start the translation project. The translation process itself was carried out by phases, so that comments and corrections by the author could be taken into account in subsequent stages. Later, based on the glossary and the translated text, illustrations had been created in the Visio software were translated. In addition to the technical revision by the author, professor Carme Mangiron was in charge of revising the non-technical text. The result was a high-quality document that is currently used as reference and study material by the Department of Computer Science and Informatics of Costa Rica.

Ohjelmistotestaus ja ketterät menetelmät

Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena on selvittää, miten erityyppisissä organisaatioissa ohjelmistotestaus on organisoitu, sekä mitä ongelmia ja etuja testauksen toimenpieteissä on käytännössä havaittu. Tutkimuksessa kiinnitetään huomiota myös testausresurssien määrään ja asiakkaan toimintaan ohjelmistokehitysprojekteissa. Tässä tutkimuksessa keskityttiin selvittämään ketterien menetelmien vaikutusta ohjelmistotestauksen toteuttamiseen, sekä miten ketterät menetelmät vaikuttavat asiakkaiden toimintaan ohjelmistokehitysprojekteissa. Tutkimus toteutettiin laadullisena tutkimuksena, jossa tutkimusmenetelmänä käytettiin aineistopohjaista menetelmää. Tutkimusaineisto on kerätty haastattelemalla 12 organisaatioyksikön edustajia. Tutkimuksessa havaittiin, että ketterien menetelmien käytöllä voidaan järjestää lisää aikaa ohjelmistotestauksen toteuttamiseen. Ketterissä menetelmissä testaus sidotaan kehitysprosessiin tiiviisti, jolloin testaustoimenpiteet tulee huomioida jo kehitystyön alkaessa. Tällainen lähtökohta tasaa testausresurssien tarvetta, koska testaustoimenpinteitä voidaan suorittaa projektin alusta lähtien. Ketterien menetelmien havaittiin vaikuttavan myös asiakkaan toimintaan. Ketteriä menetelmiä varten toimittajaorganisaation on lisättävä yhteistyön ja kommunikoinnin määrää asiakkaan kanssa. Lisäksi asiakkaalta vaaditaan jatkuvaa läsnäoloa sekä ymmärrystä ketterästä kehityksestä, jotta kehittäjät saavat jatkuvasti palautetta nopean ja joustavan kehityksen takaamiseksi.

Success factors of customer and supplier master data system

Especially in global enterprises, key data is fragmented in multiple Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. Thus the data is inconsistent, fragmented and redundant across the various systems. Master Data Management (MDM) is a concept, which creates cross-references between customers, suppliers and business units, and enables corporate hierarchies and structures. The overall goal for MDM is the ability to create an enterprise-wide consistent data model, which enables analyzing and reporting customer and supplier data. The goal of the study was defining the properties and success factors of a master data system. The theoretical background was based on literature and the case consisted of enterprise specific needs and demands. The theoretical part presents the concept, background, and principles of MDM and then the phases of system planning and implementation project. Case consists of background, definition of as is situation, definition of project, evaluation criterions and concludes the key results of the thesis. In the end chapter Conclusions combines common principles with the results of the case. The case part ended up dividing important factors of the system in success factors, technical requirements and business benefits. To clarify the project and find funding for the project, business benefits have to be defined and the realization has to be monitored. The thesis found out six success factors for the MDM system: Well defined business case, data management and monitoring, data models and structures defined and maintained, customer and supplier data governance, delivery and quality, commitment, and continuous communication with business. Technical requirements emerged several times during the thesis and therefore those can’t be ignored in the project. Conclusions chapter goes through these factors on a general level. The success factors and technical requirements are related to the essentials of MDM: Governance, Action and Quality. This chapter could be used as guidance in a master data management project.

Habilitats comunicatives per a l’aprenentatge en l’entorn virtual = Communicative skills for learning in a virtual environment

The virtual learning environments are an option in permanent training with great possibilities for adults who look for studies that are compatible with their jobs and with their family life. So as to participate in determined learning as much in attitudes as knowledge and skills. The article is dedicated to analysing the necessary linguistic habits for moving within an environment of this type and offers didactic proposals that can facilitate the active participation in a virtual course and widen the perspectives of the control of new channels of communication with objectives that are different to learning

Globaali tietoliikenneverkkojen palvelutuotanto metsäteollisuuden yrityksessä

Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on tuottaa malli globaalin tietoliikenneverkkojen palvelutuotannon toteuttamiseksi metsäteollisuuden yrityksessä. Pääongelmana on selvittää miten tietoliikenneverkkojen palvelutuotanto on toteutettava ottaen huomioon tarvittavat toimijat, kustannustehokkuus ja tiedonhallinta. Ongelmaa lähestyttiin IT- johtamisen, ulkoistamisen, yhteistyöverkostojen, prosessien, yhteisten työkalujen ja standardoinnin näkökulmista. Yrityksen tietoliikenneverkkojen nykytilaa ja tavoitetilaa tutkittiin laadullisella kyselytutkimuksella. Tutkimuksen perusteella päädyttiin malliin, jossa tietoliikenneverkkojen palvelutuotannon laadukkuuteen ja tehokkuuteen vaikuttavat oleellisesti toimijat, yhteiset työkalut, standardointi kaikilla tasoilla ja harkittu ja laskelmoitu ulkoistaminen. Keskeiseen rooliin nousivat standardit prosessit ja niitä tukevat yhteiset työkalut, jotka on toteutettu keskitetysti ja kriittisten osien osalta myös paikallisesti. Prosessien ja työkalujen tulee tukea tiedonhallintaa luonnollisena osana päivittäistä toimintaa. Toimijoiden rajapinnat on oltava yksiselitteisesti määritelty ja toimijoiden välillä on kyettävä kommunikoimaan yhteisillä työkaluilla ja jakamaan tietoa avoimesti.

Monikanavaisen kriisiviestintämallin kehittäminen, asiakasyrityksenä Medi-IT Oy

Tämän diplomityön tavoitteena oli selvittää, mitä asioita organisaation tulisi huomioida tehokkaan, monikanavaisen kriisiviestintämallin suunnittelussa ja toteuttamisessa. Asiakasyritys Medi-IT Oy tukee terveydenhuollon ja sosiaalitoimen palveluntuottajien toimintaa tarjoamalla ja tuottamalla asiantuntija- ja tietotekniikkapalveluita. Tutkimuksessa keskitytään yrityksen tukipalveluyksikköön ja viestinnän lajeista häiriötilanteiden viestintään. Kriisiviestintämalli voidaan tarvittaessa lanseerata myös muihin yksiköihin. Medi-IT Oy:n kriisiviestintämallin kehittäminen aloitettiin kartoittamalla nykytilaa. Tämä tehtiin yrityksen nykyisiä toimintatapoja selvittämällä ja kysymällä asiakkaiden ja työntekijöiden mielipiteitä ja kokemuksia. Viestintään liittyvän puhelinkyselyn asiakkaille suoritti InnoLink-yritys. Kyselyn tuloksista nousi esiin viestinnän ongelmakohtia. Näihin paneutumalla löydettiin kehitettävät kohteet. Nämä kriisiviestinnän ja samalla tapahtumien hallinnan kehityskohteet on esitetty toimintojen tarkennuksina. Asiakasyritys on panostamassa prosessien laatuun ja on aloittamassa ITIL:in hyödyntämisen prosessien läpikäymisessä. Siksi myös ITIL:in periaatteita otettiin huomioon tässä kriisiviestinnän prosessimallissa. Työssä selvitettiin teoriakatsauksen pohjalta, mitkä ovat hyvän kriisiviestinnän ominaisuudet ja mitkä ovat monikanavaisuuden asettamat haasteet, edut ja haitat. Prosessin mallintamisessa käytettiin tapahtumien hallintaan keskittyvää työkalua. Työn lopputuloksena syntyi asiakasyritykselle monikanavaisen kriisiviestinnän kehittämismalli sekä kehittämistä vaativien toimintojen tarkennukset. Työhön sisältyy myös tulevaisuuden kriisiviestinnän prosessimalli, jonka toteutuminen ei ole vielä teknisesti täysin mahdollista.

Kaivoksen arvoverkon kehittyminen ja toimijoiden välisen tiedonvaihdon tehostaminen

Diplomityön ensisijaisena tavoitteena on tuottaa tietoa kaivoksen arvoverkon kehittymisestä ja kaivoksen arvoverkkoon kuuluvista toimijoista. Toisena tavoitteena on tunnistaa kaivosteollisuuden potentiaalisten toimittajien alalle pääsyn esteitä ja etsiä niihin ratkaisuja. Työ perustuu kolmeen toisiaan täydentävään työmenetelmään, jotka ovat suhde- ja tietoverkostoon kuuluvien asiantuntijoiden haastattelut, toimintatutkimus sekä aihetta käsittelevät julkaisut. Työssä kuvataan (1) kaivosteollisuuden arvontuottamisjärjestelmään vaikuttavat taustatekijät; (2) kaivoksen arvoverkkoon kuuluvat toimijat ja niiden tehtävät sekä (3) kaivoksen liiketoimintaverkon tyypillinen rakenne ja sen muodostumiseen vaikuttavat tekijät. Tehtyjen havaintojen perusteella esitetään sähköisen liiketoiminnan ratkaisu, joka edistää toimijoiden välistä tiedonvaihtoa ja helpottaa potentiaalisten toimittajien alalle pääsyä.

Viestintää ja vuorovaikutusta Jukolan Osuuskaupassa

Aktiivinen ja kehittyvä viestintä on välttämätöntä kaikille organisaatioille. Osuustoiminnassa sillä on erityinen merkitys, koska asiakas, omistaja ja jopa työntekijä on sama henkilö. Tämän pro gradu-tutkielman tarkoitukse-na oli selvittää, kuinka viestintää ja vuorovaikutusta voisi kehittää Jukolan Osuuskaupassa. Osuuskaupan eri ryhmät eli asiakasomistajat, työntekijät, esimiehet, toimi-tusjohtaja, hallinto, asiakastoimikunta ja osuuskunnan kokous ovat tärkeitä viestintään ja vuorovaikutukseen osallistujia. Työssä tarkasteltiin sisäistä viestintää sekä viestintää osuuskaupan ja asiakasomistajien välillä. Empi-riaosuutta varten haastateltiin seitsemää työntekijää ja viittä esimiestä. Hallinnon jäsenille kysymykset lähetettiin sähköpostilla ja asiakastoimi-kunnan jäsenille postitse. Tutkimus osoitti, että asiakasomistajien suorissa ja epäsuorissa vaikutta-mismahdollisuuksissa on kehitettävää. Myös palveluun ja emotionaaliseen viestintään vaikuttaisi olevan tarvetta panostaa. Lisäksi S-Pankin tehtäviä pidettiin monimutkaisina. Sisäisen viestinnän onnistumiseen näyttää suu-resti vaikuttavan esimiesten taidot. Henkilökunnan keskuudessa näyttäisi olevan tarvetta myös yleisille tilaisuuksille sekä paremmin kohdennetulle viestinnälle.

Hållpunkter för lärande : småbarns möten

Developed from human activities, mathematical knowledge is bound to the world and cultures that men and women experience. One can say that mathematics is rooted in humans’ everyday life, an environment where people reach agreement regarding certain “laws” and principles in mathematics. Through interaction with worldly phenomena and people, children will always gain experience that they can then in turn use to understand future situations. Consequently, the environment in which a child grows up plays an important role in what that child experiences and what possibilities for learning that child has. Variation theory, a branch of phenomenographical research, defines human learning as changes in understanding and acting towards a specific phenomenon. Variation theory implies a focus on that which it is possible to learn in a specific learning situation, since only a limited number of critical aspects of a phenomenon can be simultaneously discerned and focused on. The aim of this study is to discern how toddlers experience and learn mathematics in a daycare environment. The study focuses on what toddlers experience, how their learning experience is formed, and how toddlers use their understanding to master their environment. Twenty-three children were observed videographically during everyday activities. The videographic methodology aims to describe and interpret human actions in natural settings. The children are aged from 1 year, 1 month to 3 years, 9 months. Descriptions of the toddlers’ actions and communication with other children and adults are analyzed phenomenographically in order to discover how the children come to understand the different aspects of mathematics they encounter. The study’s analysis reveals that toddlers encounter various mathematical concepts, similarities and differences, and the relationship between parts and whole. Children form their understanding of such aspects in interaction with other children and adults in their everyday life. The results also show that for a certain type of learning to occur, some critical conditions must exist. Variation, simultaneity, reasonableness and fixed points are critical conditions of learning that appear to be important for toddlers’ learning. These four critical conditions are integral parts of the learning process. How children understand mathematics influences how they use mathematics as a tool to master their surrounding world. The results of the study’s analysis of how children use their understanding of mathematics shows that children use mathematics to uphold societal rules, to describe their surrounding world, and as a tool for problem solving. Accordingly, mathematics can be considered a very important phenomenon that children should come into contact with in different ways and which needs to be recognized as a necessary part of children’s everyday life. Adults working with young children play an important role in setting perimeters for children’s experiences and possibilities to explore mathematical concepts and phenomena. Therefore, this study is significant as regards understanding how children learn mathematics through everyday activities.

The Process of Greening Cycle as Method of Operative Environmental

The structural change of society from product-based business to service- and further to need-based business has caused the fact that work for environmental issues has spread from conventional factories and environmentally harmful production to concern services and offices as well. Almost every company has an office, so a relatively small environmental burden caused by an individual office grows remarkable already at the state level and globally even more. Motivation to work for environmental issues in an individual office could be challenging even without the fact that wasted environmental impacts bound also wasted costs. Besides cost savings, a concretely greener image of a company has its value in the B2Cas well as in the B2B-field. Consumers and clients are more and more conscious of environmental issues and demand concrete actions instead of speeches, good thoughts and meaningless certifications. Internal work for environmental issues at a strategy level is not sufficient, so operational environmental management is needed for changing old practices. This research is about the effects of operative environmental management on the greening process of an office-based business. The research is outlined to concern the operative work in the office including field sales. Target was to concretely lower the environmental impacts of Lyreco Finland and to find cost savings directly by changing the operative practices in the office and also indirectly by affecting the level of environmental knowledge of the personnel. During the greening process, the aim was also to create concrete arguments for marketing as well. The circle of greening process, which was especially created for this diploma work, was used as a method. The circle divides a year to themes and sections separated by factors of environmental impacts. Separation is based on Brett Wills’ thoughts of seven green wastes (Wills, Brett. The Green Intensions. 2009) and follows it uneasily. The circle aimed at ensuring evolutionary growth of knowledge instead of being revolutionary in the changing process. Committing personnel to the process from its start by asking ideas from them and giving them clear directions was an important part of the research of operative management. Because of working from distance, communication with personnel was operated by frequent training days and weekly greening notes via emails and intranet. Also availability for communication was an important task because of the telecommuting. Research results of this work show that operative environmental management in an officebased business today is mostly management of change. When the strategic environmental friendliness is taken into a concrete level, the most important individual factor is motivating the operating personnel. Research shows that evolutionary change is found being an efficient way to make a change. Also understanding one´s own impact on the environmental burden and on the whole greening process clearly motivates the personnel. Results show that in the operative realization of the greening process, clear directions of new working practices, being as concrete as possible, and committing personnel to follow them make the process more effective. The operative environmental management and the cycle of the greening process decrease the environmental burden and save costs. The concrete results could be used as believable arguments in marketing and therefore exploited in communication with interest groups. Commitment of the management is also one of the key factors of success in the greening process. In this research, changes in the business field by a company trade took the focus of the management away from the greening process and made the process more inefficient by decreasing the amount of training days. The circle of greening process will be used as a tool in the future, as well, and therefore it will help observe environmental impacts of a company and increase sustainable development. Commitment of management to the evolutionary environmental work helps the operating personnel lower environmental impacts, decrease costs and build a concretely greener image.

Knowledge sharing in intrafirm networks in organization

The objective of this study was research the shared knowledge and the means of sharing with the help of social network analysis. The purpose of this study was to give descriptive information to case-organization about its situational network status in different units. The premise of the study is the success of organizational competences and networks, especially when it comes to the sharing of knowledge. The research was accomplished in a TEKES –projects, Developing Network-Based Services – The Role of Competences and Networks COMNET –projects case-organization. Lappeenranta School of Business and the case-organization started the project in co-operation. The baseline for the study was organizational competencies and organizational networks as success factors, especially from the knowledge sharing’s point of view. The research was based on triangulation, which included pre-interviews, network analyses accomplished by Webropol –e-mail survey and qualitative interviews. The results indicated that regular unit meetings were experienced to be the most important method of knowledge sharing along with e-mailing, intranet and weekly bulletins. The co-operation between units was also experienced to be important when evaluating knowledge sharing and communication. The intrafirm network was experienced tight. Dispersed units and partly unclear means of information sharing were the biggest obstacles for information communication. Knowledge sharing, communication with others and trainings were seen important in the case-organization.

Additional revenue opportunities in pulp mills and their impacts on the kraft process

Although the concept of multi-products biorefinery provides an opportunity to meet the future demands for biofuels, biomaterials or chemicals, it is not assured that its implementation would improve the profitability of kraft pulp mills. The attractiveness will depend on several factors such as mill age and location, government incentives, economy of scale, end user requirements, and how much value can be added to the new products. In addition, the effective integration of alternative technologies is not straightforward and has to be carefully studied. In this work, detailed balances were performed to evaluate possible impacts that lignin removal, hemicelluloses recovery prior to pulping, torrefaction and pyrolysis of wood residues cause on the conventional mill operation. The development of mill balances was based on theoretical fundamentals, practical experience, literature review, personal communication with technology suppliers and analysis of mill process data. Hemicelluloses recovery through pre-hydrolysis of chips leads to impacts in several stages of the kraft process. Effects can be observed on the pulping process, wood consumption, black liquor properties and, inevitably, on the pulp quality. When lignin is removed from black liquor, it will affect mostly the chemical recovery operation and steam generation rate. Since mineral acid is used to precipitate the lignin, impacts on the mill chemical balance are also expected. A great advantage of processing the wood residues for additional income results from the fact that the pulping process, pulp quality and sales are not harmfully affected. For pulp mills interested in implementing the concept of multi-products biorefinery, this work has indicated possible impacts to be considered in a technical feasibility study.