317 resultados para Electron—beam gun evaporation


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设计并镀制了193nm Al2O3/MgF2反射膜,对它们在空气中分别进行了250-400℃的高温退火,测量了样品的透射率光谱曲线和绝对反射率光谱曲线.发现样品在高反射区的总的光学损耗随退火温度的升高而下降,而后趋于饱和.采用总积分散射的方法对样品在不同退火温度下的散射损耗进行了分析,发现随着退火温度的升高散射损耗有所增加.因此,总的光学损耗的下降是由于吸收损耗而不是散射损耗起主导作用.对Al2O3材料的单层膜进行了同等条件的退火处理,由它们光学性能的变化推导出它们的折射率和消光系数的变化,从而解释了相应

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利用电子束蒸发工艺,以Ag层为衬底,沉积了中心波长为632.8nm的氧化锆(ZrO2)薄膜,膜层厚度在80-480nm范围内变化.研究了不同厚度样品的粗糙度变化规律和表面散射特性.结果发现,随着膜层厚度的逐渐增加.其表面均方根(RMS)粗糙度和总积分散射(TIS)均呈现出先减小后增大的趋势.利用非相关表面粗糙度的散射模型对样品的TIS特性进行了理论计算,所得结果与测量结果相一致.

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Optical filters composed of Ag, Al2O3, and ZnSe films were prepared on BK7 substrates by evaporation. By employing spectrophotometer, microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) analysis, the moisture-dependent stability of the samples was tested. The experimental results revealed that filter failure often occurs initially at defect sites. Small sputtering particles and pinhole are found to be two types of defects that induced the optical coating filter failure. The mechanisms of the defect-induced failure of the filters also are discussed in the article. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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利用蒸发氧化铪和离子辅助蒸发金属铪反应沉积氧化铪薄膜,对两种工艺下制备的氧化铪薄膜进行光学和结构以及激光损伤特性的研究,实验结果表明,用金属铪反应沉积的氧化铪薄膜不仅结构均匀,并且具有较高的激光损伤阈值.文章对损伤阈值和薄膜的结构及光学特性之间的关系进行了讨论。

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建立了缺陷吸收升温致薄膜激光损伤模型,该模型从热传导方程出发,考虑了缺陷内部的温度分布以及向薄膜的传导过程,通过引入散射系数简化了Mie散射理论得出的吸收截面.对电子束蒸发沉积的ZrO2:Y2O3单层膜进行了激光破坏实验,薄膜样品的损伤是缺陷引起的,通过辉光放电质谱法对薄膜制备材料的纯度分析发现材料中的主要杂质元素为铂,其含量为0.9%.利用缺陷损伤模型对损伤过程进行了模拟,理论模型和实验结果取得了较好的一致性.

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Thin-film single layers of Al2O3 and MgF2 were deposited upon super polished fused-silica by electron-beam evaporation. The subsequent optical constants n and k were reported for the spectral range of 180-230 nm. High-reflectance dense multilayer coatings for 193 nm were designed on the basis of the evaluated optical constants and produced. The spectra of the reflectance of HR coatings were compared to the theoretical calculations. HR mirrors of 27 layers with a reflectance of more than 98% were reported. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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用电子束热蒸发方法在熔融石英基底上沉积了Al2O3和MgF2两种材料的单层膜,研究了两种材料的光学特性,采用光度法计算并给出了薄膜材料在180~230nm的折射率n/和消光系数k的色散曲线。以两种材料作为高低折射率材料组合,采用1/4波长规整膜系设计并镀制了193nm的高反射膜,反射膜在退火后的反射率在193nm达到96%以上。结果表明在一定工艺条件下Al2O3和MgF2两种材料能够在193nm获得较好的光学性能,适用于高反射膜的制备。

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通过对主膜系添加匹配层并借助计算机对膜系进行优化,设计出结构规整、性能优良的1064ilm倍频波长分离膜。用电子束蒸发及光电极值监控技术在K9玻璃基底上沉积薄膜,将样品置于空气中在260℃温度下进行3h热退火处理。然后用Lambda 900分光光度计测量了样品的光谱性能;用表面热透镜(STL)技术测量了样品的弱吸收值;用调Q脉冲激光装置测试了样品的抗激光损伤阈值(LIDT)。实验结果发现,样品的实验光谱性能与理论光谱性能有很好的一致性。退火前后其光谱性能几乎没有发生温漂,说明薄膜的温度稳定性好;同时退火使

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利用电子束蒸发方法在Yb:YAG晶体和熔融石英衬底上沉积单层ZrO2薄膜,分别在673 K和1 073 K的温度下经过12 h退火以后,通过X射线衍射(XRD)分析了薄膜晶相,计算了薄膜的晶粒尺寸;利用表面热透镜技术获得了薄膜的吸收;测量了退火后薄膜的激光损伤阈值.实验结果表明:两种衬底上的薄膜结构受到退火温度和衬底表面结构的影响,高温退火有利于单斜相的形成,含单斜相的ZrO2薄膜具有较高的激光损伤阈值,而由于衬底的吸收,Yb:YAG晶体上薄膜的损伤阈值远小于石英衬底上薄膜的损伤阈值.

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对双源线性共蒸法制备的非均匀薄膜折射率分布与光学特性的关系作了探讨,并与均匀介质膜的光学特性作了对比;从折射率正变和负变两个方面.讨论了混合介质膜折射率不同变化规律对光学性能带来的影响;讨论了厚度误差和折射率极值误差对非均匀膜光学性能的影响。结果发现:折射率变化规律误差主要对非均匀膜的应用波段范围产生影响,而膜层厚度误差和折射率极值误差超过一定值时,将对薄膜光学特性产生重要影响。

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分析了几种可能的实际蒸发源与薄膜均匀性的关系,其中包括扩展的平面蒸发源和曲面蒸发源。通过实验论证了薄膜均匀性对蒸发源尺寸和蒸发特性的依赖关系。得到的分析结果表明:当蒸发源半径和夹具高度的比值小于1/17时,蒸发源可以被视为一个点面源;大于1/10时,应当把蒸发源视为面面源进行考虑。当挖坑深度和蒸发源半径的比值介于0和0.5之间时,挖坑对薄膜均匀性造成的影响基本可以忽略;大于0.6时,挖坑效应明显影响薄膜的均匀性。

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用电子柬蒸发方法制备了HfO2薄膜,根据镀膜前后基片曲率半径的变化,用Stoney公式计算了薄膜应力。讨论了沉积温度对薄膜残余应力的影响。结果发现,HfO2薄膜的残余应力均为张应力,应力值随沉积温度的升高先增大后减小,在280℃左右出现极大值。对样品进行了XRD测试,从微观结构上对实验结果进行了分析,发现微结构演变引起的内应力变化是引起薄膜残余应力改变的主要因素,HfO2薄膜在所选沉积温度60~350℃内出现了晶态转变,堆积密度随温度升高而增大。

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本文研究了在镀膜过程中真空室内水蒸气的含量对HfO2薄膜物理性能的影响。用电子束蒸发和光电极值监控的方法在BK7基底上制备HfO2薄膜。利用残余气体分析仪在线监测了真空室内的残余气氛组成。分别用Lambda 900光谱仪、X射线衍射方法、表面热透镜技术和1064nm的激光器测试了薄膜的光学性能、微结构、吸收和激光损伤阈值。实验发现,附加冷阱装置有助于我们有效控制镀膜过程中的水汽含量,且在水蒸气含量较少的真空室内镀制的薄膜具有较高的折射率,较小的晶粒尺寸,较低的弱吸收值和较高的损伤阈值。

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abstract {The optical property, structure, surface properties (roughness and defect density) and laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of TiO2 films deposited by electronic beam (EB) evaporation of TiO2 (rutile), TiO2 (anatase) and TiO2 + Ta2O5 composite materials are comparatively studied. All films show the polycrystalline anatase TiO2 structure. The loose sintering state and phase transformation during evaporating TiO2 anatase slice lead to the high surface defect density, roughness and extinction coefficient, and low LIDT of films. The TiO2 + Ta2O5 composite films have the lowest extinction coefficient and the highest LIDT among all samples investigated. Guidance of selecting materials for high LIDT laser mirrors is given.}

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A method for the control of polarization for a broadband dichroic filter was reported and some design examples were elaborated. This method could be applied over a wide range of wavelengths and a wide range of polarizations in the transmission region. A nonpolaiizing broadband dichroic filter and a broadband dichroic filter with certain polarization were designed and fabricated by electron beam evaporation with ion beam assisted deposition. The experimental spectral performances showed good agreement with their theoretical curves. In addition, the application of the method was discussed. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America