997 resultados para Política de assistência social, Brasil
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O presente trabalho reúne os elementos que compõem a atual concepção de assistência social no Brasil, a partir da promulgação da constituição de 1988, quando a assistência social foi reconhecida pela primeira vez como direito de cidadania e dever legal do Estado, garantido pela Lei Suprema. Nesta lei, a assistência social pressupunha uma lógica de pleno emprego, destinada, portanto, prioritariamente aos incapazes para o trabalho. No entanto, em um contexto de desemprego estrutural esta passa a ser compreendida em termos de garantias de seguranças, buscando assumir a proteção social daqueles capazes para o trabalho, tendo em vista a deterioração do mercado de trabalho, restrição de oportunidades e de renda e o crescimento progressivo do desemprego e da informalidade. A ideia central é a de que se trata de uma descrição crítica da concepção de assistência social no Brasil, problematizando cada um de seus argumentos mais explícitos com o intuito de revelar uma intencionalidade vinculada à uma perspectiva de Estado. Utilizamos o termo concepção no sentido de conceber, pensar, sentir, entender ou interpretar algo. A assistência social, na atualidade, responde a um único processo que reúne aspectos históricos, econômicos, políticos, sociais e ideológicos e neste sentido, representa uma concepção de mundo e um projeto de sociedade, defendido pela classe dominante, pautado pela exploração do trabalho. A atual concepção de assistência social segue, portanto, uma nova forma de política social a partir da perspectiva de desenvolvimento humano e combate à pobreza em que a grande ênfase tem sido a de retirar as discussões e a intervenção na pobreza do âmbito da questão social, alocando-a nos indivíduos e em suas “incapacidades”. A assistência social ao assumir a responsabilidade ou coresponsabilidade no desenvolvimento de capacidades dos indivíduos sinaliza a tendência de uma nova concepção de bem-estar social.
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The study of public policy typologies is still a knowledge field which lacks more embracing and applicable studies to different sectors. On that perspective, this work, Social Assistance Policy in Brazil: an analysis from the typologies on public policy, pursues to add the relevant literature to social assistance what focus on the public policy ratings. Moreover, it concerns about a study on the the national policy of social assistance implemented by the Brazilian government from the theoretical referrence of the public policy typologies. For that reason, the referential framework of the public policies as well as the analisys of its fundamentals/principles that are indispensable for achieving a bigger goal, that is to tipify the social assistance policy based on the different public policy typologies and characterize it through the main elements which are intrinsec to the social political and economic reality of Brazil. Thus, the issue suggested for the work is: what is the profile and the political trajectory of the social assistance implemented by the Brazilian Government? How it presents, above all, the features of a distributive, focused and lawful policy, the work has been done througho the following hypothesis: the social assistance policy in Brazil has been of universal, assistance, and focusing aspects. For each of those features granted to the social assistance policy, there is a gathering of changes according to the social, political and economic moment of the country and that stands out due to the different institutions within every cyclical period. The work showed that besides the social policy has gone through meaningful changes during the last decades, even though the adoption of the Organic Law of Social Assistance and its rules, some of the mentioned characteristics still remain, as long as the State s primacy goes on being the economic policies over the dubbed social policies. Notwithstanding, the social assistance will build up itself from the materialization of the growing of the social rights related to the State, but also assuming an important role on the amplified reproducing process regarding the capitalist social relations
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A presente pesquisa analisa a Gestão da Assistência Social no Município de Bujaru, no período de 2009 à 2011, de forma crítica, evidenciando os avanços, as dificuldades e os desafios, enfrentados pelo órgão de assistência social – SEMTEPS – Secretaria Municipal de Trabalho e Promoção Social. Que foi criada para coordenar as políticas sociais e consolidar o tripé: Conselho, Plano e Fundo como partes de um todo, denominado de Sistema Único de Assistência Social, integrado e indissociável, fundamental para a qualidade da gestão e operacionalização dos serviços socioassistenciais. Considerando que no Plano Municipal de Assistência Social de 2011/2012 e suas modificações, observou-se que as ações relativas à assistência social em Bujaru, de modo geral, apresentaram-se tímidas, com base nos limites previstos na LOAS. Pois, embora não seja esta uma dificuldade específica, o reconhecimento do Município enquanto lócus das políticas sociais ainda não acontece de forma sistemática. E, para compreender esta realidade local, por meio de observações, visitas e análises bibliográficas foi necessário resgatar um pouco do histórico da assistência social no Brasil, seus princípios e diretrizes, regulamentadas pela LOAS, e, como esta política em constante inovação e evolução se efetiva, também, em Portugal.
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This thesis, whose title is DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE: AN EFFECTIVENESS EVALUATION IN SOCIAL ASSISTENCE POLICY IN THE CITIES OF ASSÚ AND MOSSORÓ/RN (2004/2008), has as main aim to evaluate effectiveness in Social Assistance Policy in the cities of Assu and Mossoró/RN, from 2004 to 2008, identifying its impacts and effects in life of its users. The methodological process for the research was composed by: a) Literature review on this theme, development of public policies; social public policies, public policy evaluation and Social Assistance Policy in Brazil; b) Documental research from Municipal Management of Social Development and Municipal Counsels of Social Assistance in the cities of Assu and Mossoró/RN about the object of this study and empirical field; c) Field Research constituted by the realization of Focal Groups with Social Assistance users and semistructured interviews with municipal managers from Assú and Mossoró. It was also taken into account participant observations in events and activities related to Social Assistance previously mentioned, considering field management and also the response to users demands. Articulating the themes of Development and Public Social Policy in Social Assistance was the theoretical purpose for this thesis. To achieve this purpose, it was performed two theoretical displacements related, at the same time, to the notion of development and to the concept of Social Assistance, which means to comprehend development as social change and improvement in users life quality, expressed in the expansion of their capacities and liberties (SEN, 1993, 2000), and the Social Assistance as an element for development. Such displacements provide a view of Public policy and Social Policies and evaluate National Policy of Social Assistance achieved in those cities. As product, this thesis presents a methodological purpose for effectiveness evaluation in Public Policy, taking into account expansion of capacities and liberties, concluding that Social Assistance Policy in Assú and Mossoró/RN, even in lesser extent had its impact and caused effective results in the life of their users and provided an expansion of their capacities and liberties, improving life quality and empowered agent condition for those subjects. The results show that this Policy has been proved to be effective, and consequently, it was considered, in this thesis, to be also an element and an allied for development
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Este trabalho tem por objetivo refletir e analisar sobre o contrato de trabalho temporário do assistente social e suas repercussões na operacionalização da Política de Assistência Social nos Centros de Referências de Assistência Social (CRAS) no município de Belém do Pará. Para tal foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo nos referidos CRA's, a qual teve como sujeito os assistentes sociais que possui contrato temporário nesses espaços sócio-ocupacionais nos últimos dois anos. Na pesquisa procurou-se conhecer os determinantes políticos organizacionais dessa forma de trabalho, as condições objetivas e subjetivas do trabalho das mencionadas profissionais e sua relação com as transformações no mundo do trabalho que vêm ocorrendo nos últimos anos. Teve como aporte teórico-metodológico a teoria marxista por entender que a mesma propicia uma leitura crítica da realidade social como todo, não fragmentado-a de maneira desconexa de um contexto político, econômico e social de determinada sociedade. Optou-se como instrumento de coleta de dados o formulário que fora constituído de questões abertas e fechadas. Assim, este estudo está estruturado em três partes, além da introdução e da conclusão. A primeira parte tenta efetuar uma abordagem sobre as transformações que vem ocorrendo no mundo do trabalho nas últimas décadas objetivando desvendar as determinantes dos contratos temporários do assistente social no CRA's do município; a segunda parte trata do neoliberalismo e da reforma do Estado no Brasil; na terceira foi efetuada uma análise sobre as condições do trabalho do assistente social nos CRA's, para então poder entender as repercussões dos contratos de trabalho temporário desses profissionais na operacionalização da Política de Assistência Social. Finalmente, foram efetuadas as considerações gerais sobre o resultado da referida pesquisa de campo.
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Nesta obra Paula Vanessa de Faria Lindo busca demonstrar que os instrumentos teórico-metodológicos da Geografia podem contribuir para a concepção e o aperfeiçoamento de políticas públicas de combate à exclusão social. Inicialmente a autora tinha como meta conhecer técnicas e metodologias para criar modelos de representação gráfica e cartográfica com potencial para a elaboração de políticas públicas, mas terminou por buscar também formas para aplicar a metodologia na melhoria dessas políticas. Depois de fazer uma ampla pesquisa que trouxe à tona a complexidade do tema, Lindo optou por acompanhar o trabalho dos agentes responsáveis pelos territórios dos Centros de Referência de Assistência Social de Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, que implementam a política do município em escala local. A experiência ajudou a autora a, por exemplo, perceber a importância de conceber o território de acordo com os princípios da Geografia e a compreender que o território pode e deve ser interpretado de múltiplas maneiras, as quais, quando somadas, possibilitam potencializar a ação. Em quatro capítulos, Lindo discute conceitos como exclusão social e escala geográfica e suas aplicações práticas nas diferentes formas de representação cartográfica, além de políticas públicas, distribuição territorial de propostas de assistência social e território como síntese de representação de poder.
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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS
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Esta pesquisa avalia o estilo de gestão do CMAS/POA na elaboração da política de assistência social do município, na visão dos seus próprios integrantes (conselheiros). Baseiase no modelo de análise de estilo de gestão estruturado por Rensis Likert, aplicado às condições e contexto de um conselho de assistência social. Todos os 35 conselheiros municipais responderam a um questionário de levantamento de dados quantitativos, utilizando uma escala tipo Likert, com respostas no intervalo de 1 a 4, correspondendo aos estilos de gestão: autoritário-forte, autoritário-benévolo, participativoconsultivo e participativo-grupal. As questões abrangem aspectos relativos às dimensões ou temas: processos de liderança utilizados, natureza das forças motivacionais, do processo de comunicação, do processo de influência e interação, do processo decisório, do sistema de metas e diretrizes, do processo de controle e metas de desempenho e treinamento. Os resultados evidenciam que o estilo de gestão do CMAS/POA é o participativoconsultivo. A análise das variáveis causais permite sugerir diversas ações para tornar o estilo de gestão participativo grupal.
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The current National Policy for Social Assistance (PNAS) is the instrument that regulates the organization and procedures of social-welfare actions. Developed and approved in 2004 since the Unified Social Assistance System (ITS) was crated in 2003, it reaffirms the democratic principles of the Social Assistance Organic Law (LOAS) focusing on the universalization of social rights and equality of rights when accessing the social-welfare system. In the SUAS point of view, the PNAS highlights the information, monitoring and evaluation fields for being the best way to assure the regulation, organization and control by the Federal Government paying attention to the principles of decentralization and participation. This political-institutional rearrangement occurs through the pact among all the three federal entities. The pact deals with the implementation of the task. It says that it has to be shared between the federal autonomous entities, established by dividing responsibilities. To the cities, considered as the smallest territorial unit of the federation and closer to the population, was given the primary responsibility, which is to feed and maintain the database of SUAS NETWORK and identify families living in situations of social vulnerability. In addition to these responsibilities, the cities that have full autonomy in the management of their actions, have the responsibility to organize the basic social protection and the special social protection, that using the Center of Social Assistance Reference (CRAS) and the Center of Specialized Social Assistance Reference (CREAS), are responsible for the provision of programs, projects and services that strengthen the family and community; that promote people who are able to enjoy the benefits of the Continuing benefit of Provisions (BPC) and transfer of incomes; that hold the infringed rights on its territory; that maximize the protective role of families and strengthen its users organization. In Mossoró/RN, city classified as autonomous in the social assistance management, has five units of CRAS that, for being public utilities, are considered the main units of basic social protection, since they are responsible for the connection between the other institutions that compose the network of local social protection. Also known as Family House, the CRAS, among other programs and services, offers the Integral Attention to Families Program (PAIF), Juvenile ProJovem Program, socio-educational coexistence services programs, as well as sending people to other public policies and social-welfare services network, provides information, among others. In this large field, social workers are highlighted as keys to implement the policy of social assistance within the city, followed by psychologists and educators. They should be effective public employees, as a solution to ensure that the provision of the services are to be continued, provided to the population living around the units. However, what we can find here is inattention to the standard rules of social assistance, which not only undermines the quality of programs and services, but also the consolidation of policy on welfare as public policy of social rights
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Can be declared that throughout the historical trajectory of the Brazilian Social Work, the men in the Social Work profession, women in the Social Work profession in his/her professional activity, present an educational dimension that runs through various social and occupational spaces, particularly in the area of Social Assistance Policy. Based on this premise, this present Dissertation, problematize the educational dimension present on the interventional process, in Social Work on the ambit of the Social Assistance Policy in Natal / RN city Brazil in the contemporary scene. Having thus, specific objectives that orientate the research of the interventional process of Social Work in the social assistance policy, analyzing of the apprehension of Social Work professionals on the educational dimension, in their daily work professional and the verification of the relationship between the educational dimension, to the professional action of both men in the Social Work profession and women in the Social Work profession and the concretization of social rights on the ambit of the social assistance policy. In this sense, the theoretical and methodological procedures used for this research, are substantiated on a critical-dialectical perspective and a qualitative and quantitative approach, from of the application of field research, of the non-participant observation, of the semi-structure, of the review of literature bibliographic and documental. Thus, considering that both women in the social work profession and men in the social work profession are an organic intellectuals who in their daily professional work promotes an intellectual and moral reform of their users, the results of this research, synthesize and show that the educational dimension in both professional work and social assistance, which have partner-historics, whose imbrication allows, contradictorily, by a side, a reaffirmation of the dominant culture, and by other side, a direction linked to the construction of an emancipatory culture in the pursuit of the materializing of social rights and a new sociability
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This dissertation analyzes the configuration of the financing of Social assistance in the municipality of Natal-RN in the context of their particular expressions of the problematizando municipal budget against neoliberal adjustment macroeconomic policy. The current trends of "disclaimer" and "desfinanciamento" of social protection by the State, in the context of contemporary capitalism, bring strong implications for Social Security, especially through the redirection of public resources to the international capital, which highlights the overlapping economic interests on social needs. Whereas the changes and innovations occurring in connection with the financing of Social assistance policy, the goal of this documentary research is to identify the characteristics and trends of funding this policy in Natal-RN, from the secondary data analysis from the City of Natal, the Ministry of Social development and hunger and Portal of transparency. In the light of the theoretical, research now presented, shows trends of investment in Social assistance in the municipality of Natal-RN, in the period 2005 to 2009, which are: the tiny role membership (08) Social assistance in the municipal budget; the dispersion and fragmentation of the resources of Social assistance in other organs and/or secretariats of municipal administration; the participation of just 47.5% in expenditure from own organ Manager; the low percentage of implementation of resources foreseen in the Annual Budget Laws; the low allocation of resources in Municipal Social Assistance Fund (FUMAS), which contradicts the national policy for Social Assistance-PNAS/2004; and the predominance of government transfers in the composition of the resources of Social assistance in the municipality. The results of this research suggest that the process of financing of Social assistance in Natal is distant from the principles and guidelines pointed by PNAS/2004. In addition to the effort to understand the complexity of the financing of Social assistance in Natal, this work seeks to contribute to a political analysis in the direction of strengthening social control and the struggle for the expansion of investment in social spending
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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS
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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS
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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS