966 resultados para Northwest Fruit Growers Association


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O consumo de frutas e hortaliças (F&H) tem sido incentivado em vários países como medida de prevenção de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, sendo a escola um espaço privilegiado para a promoção do consumo desses alimentos. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o impacto de uma intervenção de promoção de F&H sobre o consumo desses alimentos por alunos e professores de escolas públicas do município do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de estudo de avaliação do tipo antes e depois, realizado com turmas de primeiro ciclo do ensino fundamental em oito unidades públicas municipais situadas em territórios cobertos pela Estratégia da Saúde da Família. No diagnóstico pré-intervenção foram registradas as atividades de promoção da alimentação saudável desenvolvidas nas escolas e o consumo usual de F&H pelos professores. Foram também observados o ambiente escolar e o consumo, pelos alunos, das F&H oferecidas pelo Programa de Alimentação Escolar. A intervenção abarcou um curso de formação para professores e merendeiras sobre promoção da alimentação saudável, com ênfase na promoção de F&H; distribuição de materiais educativos e realização de eventos de mobilização. No diagnóstico pós-intervenção, foram incluídas questões referentes às estratégias da intervenção. Foram criados indicadores de cobertura da atividade e intensidade de exposição à intervenção, de síntese do nível de implementação da intervenção, de adesão à alimentação escolar, aceitação e consumo de F&H pelos alunos e do consumo de F&H pelos professores, e, também, indicadores de variação da aceitação (alunos) e do consumo (alunos e professores) de F&H. As variações observadas foram testadas estatisticamente por meio do teste t-Student pareado (no caso de médias) ou do Qui Quadrado de McNemar (no caso de proporções). A eventual influência do nível de implementação da intervenção sobre a variação do consumo e aceitação de F&H foi examinada por meio de modelos de regressão linear ou logística, dependendo do tipo de desfecho. Foram observados índices altos de aceitação de F&H entre alunos e de consumo de F&H entre alunos e professores no diagnóstico inicial. A intervenção alcançou 52,7% de implementação, tendo sido bem avaliada entre os professores. Nenhuma variação estatisticamente significativa foi observada após a intervenção tanto em relação à aceitação quanto em relação ao consumo de F&H. Foram observados resultados estatisticamente significativos somente para a associação positiva entre o nível de exposição à intervenção e a aceitação de hortaliças pelos alunos. A intervenção proposta alcançou nível intermediário de implementação e os resultados alcançados foram modestos em termos de variação do consumo de F&H por alunos e professores.

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Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent neoplasms and an important cause of mortality in the developed world. Mendelian syndromes account for about 5% of the total burden of CRC, being Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis the most common forms. Lynch syndrome tumors develop mainly as a consequence of defective DNA mismatch repair associated with germline mutations in MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2. A significant proportion of variants identified by screening these genes correspond to missense or noncoding changes without a clear pathogenic consequence, and they are designated as "variants of uncertain significance'', being the c.1852_1853delinsGC (p.K618A) variant in the MLH1 gene a clear example. The implication of this variant as a low-penetrance risk variant for CRC was assessed in the present study by performing a case-control study within a large cohort from the COGENT consortium-COST Action BM1206 including 18,723 individuals (8,055 colorectal cancer cases and 10,668 controls) and a case-only genotype-phenotype correlation with several clinical and pathological characteristics restricted to the Epicolon cohort. Our results showed no involvement of this variant as a low-penetrance variant for colorectal cancer genetic susceptibility and no association with any clinical and pathological characteristics including family history for this neoplasm or Lynch syndrome.

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Background: Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are repetitive sequences derived from ancestral germ-line infections by exogenous retroviruses and different HERV families have been integrated in the genome. HERV-Fc1 in chromosome X has been previously associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) in Northern European populations. Additionally, HERV-Fc1 RNA levels of expression have been found increased in plasma of MS patients with active disease. Considering the North-South latitude gradient in MS prevalence, we aimed to evaluate the role of HERV-Fc1on MS risk in three independent Spanish cohorts. Methods: A single nucleotide polymorphism near HERV-Fc1, rs391745, was genotyped by Taqman chemistry in a total of 2473 MS patients and 3031 ethnically matched controls, consecutively recruited from: Northern (569 patients and 980 controls), Central (883 patients and 692 controls) and Southern (1021 patients and 1359 controls) Spain. Our results were pooled in a meta-analysis with previously published data. Results: Significant associations of the HERV-Fc1 polymorphism with MS were observed in two Spanish cohorts and the combined meta-analysis with previous data yielded a significant association [rs391745 C-allele carriers: p(M-H) = 0.0005; ORM-H (95% CI) = 1.27 (1.11-1.45)]. Concordantly to previous findings, when the analysis was restricted to relapsing remitting and secondary progressive MS samples, a slight enhancement in the strength of the association was observed [p(M-H) = 0.0003, ORM-H (95% CI) = 1.32 (1.14-1.53)]. Conclusion: Association of the HERV-Fc1 polymorphism rs391745 with bout-onset MS susceptibility was confirmed in Southern European cohorts.

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The common 2652 6N del variant in the CASP8 promoter (rs3834129) has been described as a putative low-penetrance risk factor for different cancer types. In particular, some studies suggested that the deleted allele (del) was inversely associated with CRC risk while other analyses failed to confirm this. Hence, to better understand the role of this variant in the risk of developing CRC, we performed a multi-centric case-control study. In the study, the variant 2652 6N del was genotyped in a total of 6,733 CRC cases and 7,576 controls recruited by six different centers located in Spain, Italy, USA, England, Czech Republic and the Netherlands collaborating to the international consortium COGENT (COlorectal cancer GENeTics). Our analysis indicated that rs3834129 was not associated with CRC risk in the full data set. However, the del allele was under-represented in one set of cases with a family history of CRC (per allele model OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.69-0.90) suggesting this allele might be a protective factor versus familial CRC. Since this multi-centric case-control study was performed on a very large sample size, it provided robust clarification of the effect of rs3834129 on the risk of developing CRC in Caucasians.

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The report looks at trends developing in the area of the Lancashire River Authority which will, by the turn of the century, bring tremendous pressures to bear on its natural resources, particularly land and water. It looks at difficulties maintaining an environment suitable for all, human or otherwise, including construction of energy plants and increasing population. It explores the scheme of harnessing water on Morecambe Bay, including fishery advantages and disadvantages. The report looks at fish deaths and diseases in Morecambe Bay and the Lancashire area, providing statistics.