The engine or the caboose: health policy in developing countries

A discussion of health policy in developing countries is presented. It argues that developing countries must adopt a progressive approach to health policy which rejects the two-tiered system of public and private health care. However, it also points out that ideology is not sufficient to maintain support. A progressive health system must utilize administrative and social and behavioral sciences to achieve effectiveness and efficiency in health care delivery. It cannot ignore these goals any more than a private health care system can.

The social adjustment of patients with schizophrenia: implications to the mental health policy in Brazil

A sample (n=124) of schizophrenic patients from a defined catchment area of the city os S.Paulo, Brazil, who had been consecutively admitted to hospital, was assessed for psychopathological status and social adjustment levels. Sociodemographic, socio-economic and occupational characteristics were recorded: almost 30% of the subjects had no occupation and received no social benefit, more than two-thirds had a monthly per capita income of US$ 100.00 or less. Sixty-five percent presented with Schneiderian firstrank symptoms. Nearly half the sample showed poor or very poor social adjustment in the month prior to admission. The most affected areas of social functioning were participation in the household activities, work and social withdrawal. The current mental health policy of promoting extra-mural care as an alternative to the previous hospital-based model will then mean the investment in a network of new community-based services, that give effective treatment and support to patients and their families. The need of further research into the current picture of mental disorders in the country is stressed.

Stabilization constraints from different-average public debt levels in a Monetary Union with country-size asymmetry

In the sequence of the recent financial and economic crisis, the recent public debt accumulation is expected to hamper considerably business cycle stabilization, by enlarging the budgetary consequences of the shocks. This paper analyses how the average level of public debt in a monetary union shapes optimal discretionary fiscal and monetary stabilization policies and affects stabilization welfare. We use a two-country micro-founded New-Keynesian model, where a benevolent central bank and the fiscal authorities play discretionary policy games under different union-average debt-constrained scenarios. We find that high debt levels shift monetary policy assignment from inflation to debt stabilization, making cooperation welfare superior to noncooperation. Moreover, when average debt is too high, welfare moves directly (inversely) with debt-to-output ratios for the union and the large country (small country) under cooperation. However, under non-cooperation, higher average debt levels benefit only the large country.

Os Crimes fiscais: em especial, o crime de abuso de confiança (fiscal)

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Contabilidade e Finanças Orientador: Professor Dr. António da Costa Oliveira

Crime fiscal: "Abuso de confiança fiscal - artigo 105º RGIT"

Mestrado em Fiscalidade

Auxílios de Estado sob a forma fiscal: O caso Açores - Proc. C-88/03

Mestrado em Fiscalidade

Regime fiscal aplicável às entidades sem fins lucrativos em Portugal e em Espanha

Em Portugal, as entidades sem fins lucrativos estão sujeitas, principalmente, ao imposto sobre o rendimento das pessoas colectivas, ao imposto de selo, ao imposto sobre o valor acrescentado e ao regime fiscal do mecenato. Em Espanha, foi criado o regime fiscal das entidades sem fins lucrativos e dos incentivos fiscais ao mecenato, regulado pela lei n.º49/2002, de 23 de Dezembro, que prevê a atribuição de benefícios fiscais em matéria de Impuesto sobre Sociedades, Impuesto sobre Transmisiones Palrimoniales y Actos Jurídicos Documentados, Impuesto sobre Bienes inmuebles e Impuesto sobre incrementos de Valor de los Terrenos.

Gestão fiscal e benefícios fiscais

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentado ao Instituto de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Auditoria, sob orientação de Doutor José Campos Amorim

Entidades do setor não lucrativo: abordagem contabilística e fiscal. Estudo de caso: Fundação Minerva

Mestrado em Contabilidade

Concorrência fiscal prejudicial

Mestrado em Fiscalidade

Ativos intangíveis: abordagem contabilística, fiscal e auditoria

No momento atual, assiste-se ao eclodir da sociedade de conhecimento em que os ativos fixos intangíveis assumem um papel importante. A falta de substância ou materialidade, no sentido de forma física, é uma característica dos ativos fixos intangíveis. No entanto, a forma física não é essencial à existência de um ativo, daqui decorre que as patentes e os copyrights, por exemplo, sejam ativos se deles for esperado que fluam benefícios económicos para a empresa e se forem controlados por esta. Poder-se-á , em termos gerais, dizer que os ativos fixos intangíveis são o resíduo, o saldo, isto é, a parte dos ativos totais de uma empresa que residem na situação física vista como um todo, mas que não podem ser considerados – exceto em algumas situações particulares – inerentes a, ou terem ligações com unidades de ativos fixos tangíveis. A intangibilidade decorre de que o total dos valores dos vários bens físicos existentes numa empresa, inventariando unidade a unidade, não atinge o valor global da empresa, diferença esta que expressa o valor do ativo fixo intangível. O grande problema está na correta avaliação dos ativos fixos intangíveis. È neste desiderato que surge a NCRF6 – Ativos Intangíveis que tem por base a Norma Internacional de Contabilidade IAS38 – Ativos Intangíveis cujo objetivo é o de prescrever o tratamento de ativos intangíveis. Esta norma exige que uma entidade reconheça um ativo intangível se, apenas se, critérios especificados forem satisfeitos. A Norma também especifica como mensurar a quantia escriturada de ativos intangíveis e exige divulgações especificadas acerca dos ativos intangíveis. Esta obra tem, assim, como principal objetivo o tratamento contabilístico, com referência aos aspetos fiscais e de auditoria, dos ativos fixos intangíveis, baseado no estudo da NCRF6 e apresentação de casos concretos de aplicação.

Sistema fiscal português Vs sistema fiscal brasileiro - perspectiva do investidor

Mestrado em Fiscalidade

Cultural organizations and communication in portuguese decentralization policy

This paper intends to show the Portuguese municipalities’ commitment, since the first decade of this century, in cultural facilities of municipal management and how it provided 12 of the 18 district capitals of mainland Portugal with cultural equipment, but after all we want to know if this effort resulted in a regular, diverse, and innovative schedule. Investing in urban regeneration, local governments have tried to convert cities’ demographic changes (strengthening of the most educated and professionally qualified groups) in effective cultural demands that consolidate the three axes of development competitiveness-innovation-creativity. What the empirical study to the programming and communication proposals of those equipment shows is that it is not enough to provide cities with facilities; to escape to a utilitarian conception of culture, there is a whole work to be done so that such equipment be experienced and felt as new public sphere. Equipment in which proposals go through a fluid bind, constructed through space and discourse with local community, devoted a diversified and innovative bet full filling development axis. This paper presents in a systematic way what contributes to this binding on the analyzed equipment.

Cultural organizations and communication in portuguese decentralization policy

This presentation intends to show to what extent the Portuguese municipalities’ commitment, from the first decade of this century, in cultural facilities of municipal management and which has provided 12 of the 18 district capitals of mainland Portugal with equipment, resulted in a regular, diverse and innovative schedule. Investing in urban regeneration, local government has tried to convert cities’ demographic changes (strengthening of the most educated and professionally qualified groups) in effective cultural demands that consolidate the three axes of development competitiveness-innovation-creativity. What the empirical study to the programming and communication proposals of those equipment shows is that it is not enough to provide cities with facilities; to escape to a utilitarian conception of culture, there is a whole work to be done so that such equipment be experienced and felt as new public sphere. Equipment in which proposals go through a fluid bind, constructed through space and discourse with local community, devotes a diversified and innovative bet full filling development axis. This paper presents in a systematic way what contributes to this binding on the analyzed equipment.