Marcadores de ativação imune, inflamação crônica e estresse oxidativo em pessoas que vivem com o HIV/Aids: a busca do melhor prognóstico

Pós-graduação em Doenças Tropicais - FMB

Perfil de citocinas do padrão Th1, Th2, Th17 e o estado redox de indivíduos com leishmaniose visceral pré e pós tratamento

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do efeito do pré e pós-condicionamento em modelo de isquemia renal transitória: estudo comparativo experimental em ratos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

AVALIAÇÃO CEFALOMÉTRICA DA ESTABILIDADE PÓS-EXPANSÃO RÁPIDA DA MAXILA ASSISTIDA CIRURGICAMENTE

Este estudo avaliou a estabilidade das alterações dentárias e esqueléticas produzidas pela Expansão Rápida da Maxila Assistida Cirurgicamente (ERMAC), no sentido transversal e vertical. A amostra selecionada para este estudo retrospectivo foi composta de 60 telerradiografias em norma frontal, de 15 pacientes, sendo 6 do sexo masculino e 9 do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 23 anos e 3 meses. Utilizou-se o disjuntor tipo Hyrax e o procedimento cirúrgico foi caracterizado pela osteotomia sagital mediana da maxila e não abordagem da sutura pterigopalatina. O início da ativação ocorreu no terceiro dia pós-operatório, sendo que, os limites para a expansão foram determinados por critérios eminentemente clínicos. Todos os pacientes foram radiografados nas fases pré-expansão (T1), pós-expansão imediata (T2), 3 meses pós- expansão (com o próprio disjuntor como contenção) (T3) e 6 meses pós-expansão (com a placa de acrílico removível como contenção) (T4). Medidas lineares foram obtidas a partir dos traçados cefalométricos gerados por um programa computadorizado (Radiocef Studio 2) e analisadas estatisticamente pelo teste de variância (ANOVA) e Tukey ao nível de 5% de significância. Concluiu-se que a ERMAC produziu um aumento estatisticamente significante, da cavidade nasal, largura maxilar, distância intermolares superiores, de T1 para T2, e que se mantiveram em T3 e T4. A largura facial e as distâncias intermolares inferiores não apresentaram alterações após a ERMAC. Avaliando o comportamento vertical da face, notou-se um aumento da AFAI nos tempos T1 para T2 que, diminuiu após a contenção de 3 meses (T3) e permaneceu estável em T4, embora aumentada se comparada com T1.(AU)

AVALIAÇÃO CEFALOMÉTRICA DA ESTABILIDADE PÓS-EXPANSÃO RÁPIDA DA MAXILA ASSISTIDA CIRURGICAMENTE

Este estudo avaliou a estabilidade das alterações dentárias e esqueléticas produzidas pela Expansão Rápida da Maxila Assistida Cirurgicamente (ERMAC), no sentido transversal e vertical. A amostra selecionada para este estudo retrospectivo foi composta de 60 telerradiografias em norma frontal, de 15 pacientes, sendo 6 do sexo masculino e 9 do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 23 anos e 3 meses. Utilizou-se o disjuntor tipo Hyrax e o procedimento cirúrgico foi caracterizado pela osteotomia sagital mediana da maxila e não abordagem da sutura pterigopalatina. O início da ativação ocorreu no terceiro dia pós-operatório, sendo que, os limites para a expansão foram determinados por critérios eminentemente clínicos. Todos os pacientes foram radiografados nas fases pré-expansão (T1), pós-expansão imediata (T2), 3 meses pós- expansão (com o próprio disjuntor como contenção) (T3) e 6 meses pós-expansão (com a placa de acrílico removível como contenção) (T4). Medidas lineares foram obtidas a partir dos traçados cefalométricos gerados por um programa computadorizado (Radiocef Studio 2) e analisadas estatisticamente pelo teste de variância (ANOVA) e Tukey ao nível de 5% de significância. Concluiu-se que a ERMAC produziu um aumento estatisticamente significante, da cavidade nasal, largura maxilar, distância intermolares superiores, de T1 para T2, e que se mantiveram em T3 e T4. A largura facial e as distâncias intermolares inferiores não apresentaram alterações após a ERMAC. Avaliando o comportamento vertical da face, notou-se um aumento da AFAI nos tempos T1 para T2 que, diminuiu após a contenção de 3 meses (T3) e permaneceu estável em T4, embora aumentada se comparada com T1.(AU)

AVALIAÇÃO CEFALOMÉTRICA DA ESTABILIDADE PÓS-EXPANSÃO RÁPIDA DA MAXILA ASSISTIDA CIRURGICAMENTE

Este estudo avaliou a estabilidade das alterações dentárias e esqueléticas produzidas pela Expansão Rápida da Maxila Assistida Cirurgicamente (ERMAC), no sentido transversal e vertical. A amostra selecionada para este estudo retrospectivo foi composta de 60 telerradiografias em norma frontal, de 15 pacientes, sendo 6 do sexo masculino e 9 do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 23 anos e 3 meses. Utilizou-se o disjuntor tipo Hyrax e o procedimento cirúrgico foi caracterizado pela osteotomia sagital mediana da maxila e não abordagem da sutura pterigopalatina. O início da ativação ocorreu no terceiro dia pós-operatório, sendo que, os limites para a expansão foram determinados por critérios eminentemente clínicos. Todos os pacientes foram radiografados nas fases pré-expansão (T1), pós-expansão imediata (T2), 3 meses pós- expansão (com o próprio disjuntor como contenção) (T3) e 6 meses pós-expansão (com a placa de acrílico removível como contenção) (T4). Medidas lineares foram obtidas a partir dos traçados cefalométricos gerados por um programa computadorizado (Radiocef Studio 2) e analisadas estatisticamente pelo teste de variância (ANOVA) e Tukey ao nível de 5% de significância. Concluiu-se que a ERMAC produziu um aumento estatisticamente significante, da cavidade nasal, largura maxilar, distância intermolares superiores, de T1 para T2, e que se mantiveram em T3 e T4. A largura facial e as distâncias intermolares inferiores não apresentaram alterações após a ERMAC. Avaliando o comportamento vertical da face, notou-se um aumento da AFAI nos tempos T1 para T2 que, diminuiu após a contenção de 3 meses (T3) e permaneceu estável em T4, embora aumentada se comparada com T1.(AU)

Determinação da energia de ativação e pureza de medicamentos de referência, genérico e similar utilizando técnicas termoanalíticas

In this work, the reference drugs, generic and similar to the active ingredients acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol, captopril, hydrochlorothiazide and mebendazole were purchased from local pharmacies and studied by thermogravimetry (TG) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Thermal decomposition was assessed to obtain from the Ozawa method the activation energy in inert atmosphere (nitrogen), using three different heating ratios (5, 10 and 20 o C min-1). The pharmaceutical formulation of the AAS reference was the one who presented different from the others (generic and similar) Thermogravimetric profile indicating likely interaction between the active ingredient and excipients. Was observed at the heating rate of the inverse temperature that no linearity of the data, ie, there was no correlation between the percentage of mass loss and the activation energy involved in the thermal decomposition of the pharmaceutical formulation of the AAS reference log graph. The analysis by differential scanning calorimetry was performed in nitrogen atmosphere with a heating rate of 10 ° C min-1. In the analysis of these same drugs, the data curves found on the melting point were, except for hydrochlorothiazide, are consistent with the literature. Hydrochlorothiazide presented a melting point well below that found in the literature, which may be justified due to the interaction of the active ingredient with the excipient lactose. In the study of purity, using the Van't Hoff equation, the reference drugs hydrochlorothiazide and mebendazole reference generic and showed similar impurity content below the limit established that this equation must be greater than 2.5 mol%

Influência da superfície do titânio nitretado a plasma em diferentes atmosferas na ativação de plaquetas sanguíneas

This study aimed to analyze the biological response of titanium surfaces modified by plasma Ar + N2 + H2. Titanium disks grade II received different surface treatments Ar + N2 + H2 plasma, constituting seven groups including only polished samples used as standard. Before and after treatment the samples were evaluated in terms of topography, crystal structure and wettability, using atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and testing of the sessile drop, respectively. Rich plasma (PRP) was applied to the surfaces modified in culture plates. Images obtained by scanning electron microscopy of the adhered platelets were analyzed to verify the behavior of platelets in the different experimental conditions. We verified that the adition of H2 on plasma atmosphere resulted in more rough surfaces, with round tops. These surfaces, in contrast to that surfaces treated with high concentration of N2, are less propense to platelet aggregation and, consequently, to the formation of thrombus when applied in biomedical devices.

Bioquímica quântica na diferenciação dos níveis de ativação de receptores AMPA por agonistas parciais Wilardina

In the central nervous system (CNS) of mammalian, fast synaptic transmission between nerve cells is performed primarily by α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4- isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors, an ionotropic glutamate receptor that is related with learning, memory and homeostasis of the nervous system. Impairments in their functions are correlated with development of many brain desorders, such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, autism, Parkinson and Alzheimer. The use of willardiine analogs has been shown a powerful tool to understanding of activation and desensitization mechanisms of this receptors, because the modification of a single ligand atom allows the observation of varying levels of efficacy. In this work, taking advantage of Fluorine Willardiine (1.35Å), Hydrogen Willardiine (1.65Å), Bromine Willardiine (1.8Å) and Iodine Willardiine (2.15Å) structures co-crystalized with GluA2 with codes 1MQI, 1MQJ, 1MQH and 1MQG, we attempted to energetically differentiate the four ligands efficacy. The complexes were submitted to energetic calculations based on density functional theory (DFT), under the optics of molecular fractionation with conjugate caps (MFCC) method. Obtained results show a relationship between the energetic values and willardiines efficacy order (FW> HW > BrW > IW), also show the importance of E705, R485, Y450, S654, T655, T480 e P478 as the amino acids that contribute most strongly with the interaction of four partial agonists. Furthermore, we outlined the M708 behaviour, attracted by FW and HW ligands, and repels by BrW and IW. With the datas reported on this work, it is possible for a better understanding of the AMPA receptor, which can serve as an aid in the development of new drugs for this system.

Preparação de catalisadores para reações de esterificação do ácido oleico baseados em matrizes polímericas sulfonadas POLI(1- FENILETILENO) (PS) e POLI(1-CLOROETILENO) (PVC)

Chemical modification of polymer matrices is an alternative way to change its surface properties. The introduction of sulfonic acid groups in polymer matrices alter properties such as adhesion, wettability, biocampatibility, catalytic activity, among others. This paper describes the preparation of polymeric solid acid based on the chemical modification of poly (1-fenietileno) (PS) and Poly (1-chloroethylene) (PVC) by the introduction of sulfonic acid groups and the application of these polymers as catalysts in the esterification reaction of oleic acid with methanol. The modified materials were characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy, Elemental Analysis and titration acid-base of the acid groups. All techniques confirmed the chemical changes and the presence of sulfur associated with sulfonic acid groups or sulfates. The modified polymers excellent performance in the esterification reaction of oleic acid with methanol a degree of conversion higher than 90% for all investigated polymers (modified PS and PVC (5% w / w)), with a mass ratio of oleic acid: methanol 1:10 to 100 ° C. The best performance was observed for the modified PVC catalyst (PVCS) which showed low degree of swelling during the reactions is recovered by filtration different from that observed for polystyrene sulfonate (PSS). Given these facts, the PVCS was employed as a catalyst in the esterification reaction of oleic acid in different times and different temperatures to obtain the kinetic parameters of the reaction. Experimental data show a great fit for pseudo-homogeneous model of second order and activation energy value of 41.12 kJ mol -1, below that found in the literature for the uncatalyzed reaction, 68.65 kJ mol -1 .The PVCS exhibits good catalytic activity for 3 times of reuse, with a slight decrease in the third cycle, but with a conversion of about 78%. The results show that solid polymeric acid has good chemical stability for the application in esterification reaction of commercial importance with possible application in the biodiesel production. The advantages in use of this system are the increased reaction rate at about 150 times, at these test conditions, the replacement of sulfuric acid as a catalyst for this being the most corrosive and the possibility of reuse of the polymer for several cycles.

Análise de componentes arquitetônicos para potencialização da ventilação natural com ênfase em captadores de vento

The building envelope is the principal mean of interaction between indoors and environment, with direct influence on thermal and energy performance of the building. By intervening in the envelope, with the proposal of specific architectural elements, it is possible to promote the use of passive strategies of conditioning, such as natural ventilation. The cross ventilation is recommended by the NBR 15220-3 as the bioclimatic main strategy for the hot and humid climate of Natal/RN, offering among other benefits, the thermal comfort of occupants. The analysis tools of natural ventilation, on the other hand, cover a variety of techniques, from the simplified calculation methods to computer fluid dynamics, whose limitations are discussed in several papers, but without detailing the problems encountered. In this sense, the present study aims to evaluate the potential of wind catchers, envelope elements used to increase natural ventilation in the building, through CFD simplified simulation. Moreover, it seeks to quantify the limitations encountered during the analysis. For this, the procedure adopted to evaluate the elements implementation and efficiency was the CFD simulation, abbreviation for Computer Fluid Dynamics, with the software DesignBuilder CFD. It was defined a base case, where wind catchers were added with various settings, to compare them with each other and appreciate the differences in flows and air speeds encountered. Initially there has been done sensitivity tests for familiarization with the software and observe simulation patterns, mapping the settings used and simulation time for each case simulated. The results show the limitations encountered during the simulation process, as well as an overview of the efficiency and potential of wind catchers, with the increase of ventilation with the use of catchers, differences in air flow patterns and significant increase in air speeds indoors, besides changes found due to different element geometries. It is considered that the software used can help designers during preliminary analysis in the early stages of design

Estudo da intercalação de fontes de potássio em caulinita pura, com tratamento térmico e ativação ácida

The chemical changes in clay minerals has been widely studied in order to improve its properties for use in various applications. However kaolinite has strong hydrogen bonds between their adjacent layers hindering the process changes in its structure. With the objective to facilitate the process of intercalation monobasic potassium phosphate, bibasic potassium phosphate and potassium acetate we was performed on kaolinite heat treatment at 600 °C and activated acidic with phosphoric acid and 5 to 10 mol L-1. The samples they were characterized by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy Fourier Transform (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG) and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTG) and the superficial and textural changes the samples with heat treatment and acid activation they were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Textural Analysis of Adsorption/desorption N2. With the help of the techniques found that, the heat treatment becomes more susceptible to acid activation kaolinite making the samples with two treatments show larger amounts of phosphorus. It was also found that bibasic potassium phosphate binds more strongly the structure of kaolinite by having a structure with two-coordinating oxygens and intercalation with potassium acetate in acid-activated kaolin increases the interlayer distance of the kaolinite and the intercalation occurs with higher response index (RI) for samples with acid activation to 5 mol /L.

Perfil de memória e ativação de linfócitos T na leishmaniose visceral

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Brazil is a disease caused by Leishmania infantum chagasi (L.i.chagasi). The clinical evolution post-infection depends on the vertebrate host immune response, which is genetically mediated. This study aimed to evaluate the immune response of individuals living in endemic area for VL in the state of the Rio Grande do Norte, considering individuals with VL under treatment (n = 9), recovered VL <1 year post treatment (n = 10), > 10 years posttreatment (n = 9), uninfected individuals living in endemic areas (n = 7), individuals that lost DTH response (n=6) and asymptomatic individuals for VL (n=9). Peripheral blood cells were evaluated in the presence and absence of soluble Leishmania antigens (SLA) and ex vivo, to determine activation, presence of regulatory cells and memory cells. The Leishmania parasitemia and anti-Leishmania antibodies were determined respectively by qPCR and ELISA. Cells from individuals with VL under treatment showed less cell activation after stimulation with SLA for the markers CD4/CD69, CD8/CD69 and CD8/CD25 compared with VL post treatment treatment (p <0.001). Apparently uninfected individuals have a higher cell activation than symptomatic VL (p <0.001), with the exception of CD8/CD25 marker (p = 0.6662). On the other hand, in the ex-vivo group, significant differences were observed for CD4/CD69, CD8/CD69 and CD8/CD25 between the 4 groups due to increased cell activation present in cells of individuals symptomatic LV (p <0.001). VL cells under treatment, ex vivo, have a lower percentage of memory cells (CD4/CD45RO and CD8/CD45RO) than individuals VL post-treatment or control group (p = <0.01). Likewise, individuals with symptomatic VL have fewer regulatory cells when stimulated by SLA [CD4/CD25 (p = 0.0022) and CD4/FOXP3 (p = 0.0016)] and in the ex-vivo group (p = 0.0017). Finally, DNA isolated from recovered VL contained Leishmania DNA, supporting the hypothesis of non-sterile clinical cure for Leishmania infection. Recovered VL, even 10 years after treatment have high levels of memory cells, which may be due to the presence of stimulation, either by reexposure to Leishmania or non-sterile cure

Parâmetros morfológicos de ativação dos eosinófilos do sangue periférico : uma nova ferramenta para triagem de pacientes portadores de esofagite eosinofílica

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, 2015.

Análise de componentes arquitetônicos para potencialização da ventilação natural com ênfase em captadores de vento

The building envelope is the principal mean of interaction between indoors and environment, with direct influence on thermal and energy performance of the building. By intervening in the envelope, with the proposal of specific architectural elements, it is possible to promote the use of passive strategies of conditioning, such as natural ventilation. The cross ventilation is recommended by the NBR 15220-3 as the bioclimatic main strategy for the hot and humid climate of Natal/RN, offering among other benefits, the thermal comfort of occupants. The analysis tools of natural ventilation, on the other hand, cover a variety of techniques, from the simplified calculation methods to computer fluid dynamics, whose limitations are discussed in several papers, but without detailing the problems encountered. In this sense, the present study aims to evaluate the potential of wind catchers, envelope elements used to increase natural ventilation in the building, through CFD simplified simulation. Moreover, it seeks to quantify the limitations encountered during the analysis. For this, the procedure adopted to evaluate the elements implementation and efficiency was the CFD simulation, abbreviation for Computer Fluid Dynamics, with the software DesignBuilder CFD. It was defined a base case, where wind catchers were added with various settings, to compare them with each other and appreciate the differences in flows and air speeds encountered. Initially there has been done sensitivity tests for familiarization with the software and observe simulation patterns, mapping the settings used and simulation time for each case simulated. The results show the limitations encountered during the simulation process, as well as an overview of the efficiency and potential of wind catchers, with the increase of ventilation with the use of catchers, differences in air flow patterns and significant increase in air speeds indoors, besides changes found due to different element geometries. It is considered that the software used can help designers during preliminary analysis in the early stages of design