Cartilha do silêncio: sob o signo da modernidade e da memória

This research starts from the presupposition that Cartilha do Silêncio(1997), a novel by the Brazilian writer Francisco Dantas, has a double articulated shift. One of the moves is towards the modern experience, with the idea that modernity is filled with contraries, as remarked by Nietzsche; the other is linked to the livelihoods ashore on traditional experiences, which encompasses the notion of memory as individual and collective ownership. The aim here is to analyze such perspective, social and critical issues within the characters' life stories that regards the calling of past as clear example that tradition is not gone, though modern life presents its own signs. Such dynamics gives to the plot a paradoxal feature. This work is mainly grounded on Marshall Berman' s thoughts in All That Is Solid Melts Into Air: The Experience of Modernity (1982) as well as on Antoine Compagnon'sFive Paradoxes of Modernity (1994). Assuming that Francisco Dantas' Novel is set as a split narrative, outcome of social memory originated on individual experiences aside social process and patriarchal family, this research brings into play the concept of memory by Jacques Le Goff in History and Memory (1992) along EcléaBosi's study in Memória e Sociedade: lembranças de velhos (1979). Keen to check how Cartilha do silêncio adjoins modern livelihoods with aesthetics order, the method articulates text and context, literary and social life, according to Antonio Candido'sLiteratura e Sociedade (1965). Thus, after reading the novel, it is possible to notice how the identity of the characters are built throughout the plot and it is also kept against settling on its social context during the transition from patriarchal tradition to modernity, creating a taut mood between both registries.

Entorno a una controversia : Christine De Pizan, autora de Le Livre Des Fais et Bonnes Meurs du Sage Roy Charles V

Un día de enero de 1404, Christine de Pizan, rodeada de sus servidores de confianza, acudía al palacio del Louvre para reunirse con Felipe II de Borgoña. Una vez concluido el protocolo de presentación, el duque comunicó a Christine sobre sus intenciones de escribir una obra en memoria de su hermano, el honorable rey Carlos V, a fin de impedir que el inevitable paso del tiempo disolviese su ejemplar comportamiento y sus nobles virtudes. En el siglo en que se iniciaban los grandes mecenazgos renacentistas, los encargos nobiliarios formaban parte de la vida política y cultural de la elite. No obstante, la oferta hecha por el duque a Christine de Pizan, lejos de ser habitual, se situaba por fuera de los cánones de la época. A su condición de mujer, creación viciada de la naturaleza, se le añadía el particular contexto de popularidad de la literatura misógina de Paris del siglo XV. Evidentemente, desde la perspectiva de género, la elección de Felipe de Borgoña, no era inviable; pero incluso por fuera de ella, la decisión seguía siendo polémica. Al momento de la encomienda, Christine no pasaba de ser una escritora de poesías, tratados alegóricos y didácticos, sin ningún peso entre los grandes escritores laicos y clericales. Jamás había escrito por completo una obra en prosa y su trayectoria como escritora política era nula. Sin embargo, Christine de Pizan, mujer viuda e inexperta en la materia, terminó por ser la elegida para honrar la memoria de los Valois. Sin lugar a dudas, una elección controvertida que invita a dilucidar los motivos que se esconden tras ella

Female employment from the household. Towards a comprehensive analysis of work-life articulation

Research on women’s employment has proliferated over recent decades, often under a perspective that conceptualizes female labour market activity as independent of male presences and absences in the productive and reproductive spheres. In the face of these approaches, the article argues the need to focus on the couple as the unit of analysis of work-life articulation. After referring to the main theoretical arguments that, from a gender perspective within labour studies, have pointed out the relevance of placing the household as the central space for the analysis of the sexual division of labour, the article reviews different empirical contributions that have incorporated such perspective in the international literature. Next, the state of the art in the Spanish literature is presented, before arguing the desirability of applying such framework of analysis to the study of employment and care work in Spanish households, which are at present undergoing major transformations.

Gender stereotypes: sexuality and contraception in Mexican university students of middle class

Since feminist studies and gender perspective, sexuality and reproduction continue to be a topic of interest in Mexico. The objective of this study was to identify gender stereotypes in sexuality and contraception practices in Mexican university students of middle class. We used a qualitative methodology with in-depth interviews, using as analysis axes the sexual and contraception practices. The results showed gender stereotypes in university students as active, seductive and conquerors, characterized by a double standard of morality in the type of relationship: Formal where love, affection, trust and commitment are present, and Informal, where a love relationship or sexual exclusivity is not incorporated.

A view, different proposals: Concept of gender and public policy

This article analyzes the meaning of “gender” as a category of analysis in public policy. The concept has been transferred from the feminist theories and this has meant that the United Nations and European Union have incorporated the inequality as a structural inequality and an issue justice. So, the feminist demands enter the political agenda as an integral project which is characterized by the adoption of the gender perspective and its application from a transversal methodology (“gender mainstreaming”). In this sense, the "gender ideology" is a new paradigm against the “patriarchal ideology”. Now, political actions should be articulated in a double movement of correction and promotion to achieve real equality in societies more democratic and ultimately more just.

Perspectives on gender, migration and transnational work: joint work of social reproduction and care in Southern Europe

This paper presents the "state of the art" and some of the main issues discussed in relation to the topic of transnational migration and reproductive work in southern Europe. We start doing a genealogy of the complex theoretical development leading to the consolidation of the research program, linking consideration of gender with transnational migration and transformation of work and ways of survival, thus making the production aspects as reproductive, in a context of globalization. The analysis of the process of multiscale reconfiguration of social reproduction and care, with particular attention to its present global dimension is presented, pointing to the turning point of this line of research that would have taken place with the beginning of this century, with the rise notions such as "global care chains" (Hochschild, 2001), or "care drain" (Ehrenreich and Hochschild, 2013). Also, the role of this new agency, now composed in many cases women who migrate to other countries or continents, precisely to address these reproductive activities, is recognized. Finally, reference is made to some of the new conceptual and theoretical developments in this area.

El autocuidado y apoyo social de mujeres de un proyecto de seguimiento mamográfico en Porto Alegre/Brasil

Objective: Identify preventive self-care practices and analyze the configurations of the network support for women with and without breast cancer registered in a mammography-monitoring project from Porto Alegre/Brazil.Method: a mixed sequential delimitation was performed, which expanded the results of the quantitative step (cross and correlation section) in a qualitative step (narrative interviews). 37 women diagnosed with breast cancer (group 1) and 72 without this diagnosis (group 2 – monitoring) participated. The following instruments were used: Assessment Questionnaire Self-care Ability (ASA-A) and Assessment Questionnaire Perceived Social Support and Community. There were performed descriptive analysis and comparison of means (t test and ANOVA) between the two groups. To deepen the understanding of the data, we selected four women with breast cancer with extreme levels on the scale of Social Support to participate in the biographical narrative interviews.Results: the analysis indicate that women who had breast cancer have better self-care practices than the women from the monitoring project (t = 1.791, P = 0.027). As for the analysis of social support, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups. All participants have an average level of perceived social and community support. It was highlighted by the qualitative data that it was after the diagnosis of breast cancer that women lived self-care aspects they had not previously experienced.Conclusions: the self-care was significantly bigger in the group of women with breast cancer, where the cancer diagnosis was a trigger to increase self-care.

Experiencias de danzaterapia de mujeres que han sufrido cáncer de mama. Un estudio fenomenológico

Objective: This essay aims at identifying, describing and analyzing possible changes both in the experience of the body and in interpersonal relations of women with breast cancer, which result from their participation in Dance Therapy group meetings.Method: This is a phenomenologically oriented qualitative research using Maria Fux´s dance therapy method for group experiences. Eight meetings are described here, and an analysis of descriptions based primarily on Merleau-Ponty and María Fux is provided.Results: The participants have been able to express pain and sorrow over the circumstances that breast cancer and its relational environments have brought to their lives. They have been able to go through moments of creation and surrender to the rhythmic body sensations and experiential environment with different emotions lived separately and jointly. They have revived memories and sensations of their childhood and adolescence, and finally, they have rediscovered their sensitive body through body resignifications marked by the absence of the breast, and by means of feelings of greater acceptance and integration of lived experiences in new gestalts.Conclusions: This project is still under way, but it is already possible to conclude that the life experiences provided in dance therapy have allowed these women to improve their integration and welfare. Likewise, they have felt positive changes in the perception of their corporality and in their way of being in the world and with other subjects, thus experiencing the body in a new and different way.

The activity of the feminist online publications: challenges for the transmission of the feminist culture in Spain

Traditionally, big media corporations have contributed to hiding the women’s movement itself, as well as its main claims and topics of discussion (Marx, Myra y Hess, 1995; Rhode, 1995; Mendes, 2011). This has led the feminist movement to develop its own media generally print publications, usually, with a very specialized character and reduced audience. This is similar to what has occurred with quality main stream media, asthese publications have had to adapt themselves to a new communicatiion context, because of the financial crisis and  technological evolution. Feminist media has found in the Internet an excellent opportunity to access citizens and communicate their messages. , In view of this scene of change and renovation,  this article offers the results of a qualitative analysis focused on the experiences of four feminist online media sites edited in Spain: Pikaramagazine.com, Proyecto-kahlo.com, Mujeresenred.net and Laindependent.cat. Besides exploring the characteristics and content of these sites, the article pays attention to the virality of their contents spread through Facebook and Twitter. The onclusion estimates their social impact, insofar as they symbolize the specialization, diversification and dialogue promoted by the Web.

Activando la Accesibilidad Universal: guía práctica

Esta guía práctica, elaborada por el Comité Español de Representantes de Personas con Discapacidad (Cermi), tiene por objetivo garantizar la igualdad de oportunidades de las personas con discapacidad, impulsando la activación de la accesibilidad universal. Se concibe la diversidad como parte de la vida y se persigue que todas las personas puedan desarrollar la suya partiendo de condiciones similares. El documento alerta sobre las posibles barreras que pueden encontrarse las personas con discapacidad y se recomienda tener en consideración las diferentes capacidades humanas en la lucha contra ellas. La guía destaca la importancia de cambiar nuestra forma de actuar para evitar situaciones de discriminación, a las que muchas veces se llega de manera inconsciente, por desconocimiento. Para ello, es necesario entender lo que se denomina enfoque de derechos humanos de la discapacidad, en el que se han de considerar tres conceptos clave: el Diseño universal, la Accesibilidad y los Ajustes razonables. Además, se debe aplicar de forma transversal la perspectiva de género, así como criterios que apuesten por la autonomía personal. Se recuerda que la accesibilidad universal beneficia a un gran porcentaje de la población y tiene un impacto positivo en la prevención de riesgos laborales y otros accidentes. Por último, se aborda el marco normativo esencial en este ámbito, dando especial relevancia al papel de la Convención de la ONU sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad y la Ley General de los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad.

Valores de referência de parâmetros acústicos para a voz normal no português europeu

O presente estudo tem como objetivo a caraterização acústica da voz normal para os falantes do Português Europeu, em termos de frequência fundamental, jitter, shimmer e relação sinal-ruído. São também analisadas as caraterísticas individuais que possam ter influência sobre a qualidade vocal, nomeadamente idade, género, índice de massa corporal, hábitos tabágicos e uso da voz no canto. Para tal, foram recolhidas amostras de fala de 363 indivíduos com uma voz avaliada como normal: 113 homens e 250 mulheres com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 91 anos. Amostras da produção sustentada da vogal /a/ foram analisadas acusticamente com o programa Praat, tendo sido extraídos os valores da média, mediana e desvio-padrão da frequência fundamental, jitter (ppq5), shimmer (apq11) e relação sinal-ruído. Os resultados obtidos apontam no sentido do género e a idade do indivíduo serem os fatores que maior influência exercem na voz, sendo que ambos os géneros apresentam um declínio da qualidade vocal ao longo da vida. As mulheres, globalmente, apresentam valores de frequência fundamental de 193,4±28,5 Hz (média ± desvio padrão da média), significativamente mais elevados que os homens, com valores de 120,7±22,3 Hz. Em termos de jitter, as mulheres obtiveram valores de 0,214±0,126 %, significativamente mais reduzidos que os 0,247±0,190 % obtidos para os homens. O shimmer não apresentou diferenças significativas entre géneros, sendo que os valores apresentados foram de 5,403±2,652 % para homens e 5,174±2,696 % para as mulheres. Relativamente à relação sinal-ruído, foram obtidos valores significativamente mais elevados nas mulheres, com 17,335±3,958 dB, tendo-se obtido para os homens 16,315±3,267 dB. Não foi encontrado um efeito significativo do índice de massa corporal, hábitos tabágicos e uso da voz no canto. Este trabalho disponibiliza novos dados para que a avaliação da voz em contexto clínico seja mais objetiva e eficaz.

Niños, niñas y adolescentes en acogimiento residencial: un análisis en función del género

En este trabajo se aborda, desde una perspectiva de género, la realidad de un colectivo relativamente numeroso de niños, niñas y adolescentes, pero que es invisible para la opinión pública. Se trata de los menores de edad que ha tenido que ser separados de su familia de origen y viven en centros y hogares de protección. Se describe la ubicación y funciones de estos recursos residenciales dentro del sistema de protección infantil, se exponen las estadísticas y se analizan las diferencias encontradas en función del género. Se encuentra que hay más chicos que chicas, y que sus estancias en estos recursos son además más largas. En cuanto a la adaptación durante la estancia en el recurso, las chicas obtienen mejores resultados, tanto en las variables de adaptación al recurso como a la escuela y a la configuración de redes de apoyo social. En cambio, cuando se comparan los datos referidos al proceso de transición a la vida adulta los resultados son mejores para los chicos. Estos hallazgos se discuten en relación con la investigación previa sobre el tema.

Doença trofoblástica gestacional

A Doença Trofoblástica Gestacional (DTG) resulta sempre de uma fertilização anormal e, apesar de este tumor representar menos de 1% das neoplasias ginecológicas, é importante conhecer a sua história natural e abordagem, não só porque podem colocar em risco a vida das mulheres em idade fértil, mas também pela sua alta taxa de cura se tratados atempadamente. Os exames radiológicos podem sugerir o diagnóstico numa fase precoce e têm um papel na avaliação da doença metastática. A ecografia é habitualmente o exame de primeira linha, mas a ressonância magnética também tem um papel na detecção da DTG e na avaliação da sua extensão.

Objeção da consciência e aborto previsto em lei : vivências em um serviço público de saúde

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, 2015.

O abandono dos direitos assistenciais do ECA na execução orçamentária

O artigo estuda o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA) para verificar se as medidas ali preconizadas relacionadas à Assistência Social encontram acolhida na execução orçamentária de 2006 a 2010. Antes, examina se tais medidas constam da Política Nacional da Assistência Social (PNAS). Em seguida, compara os valores alocados nas políticas destinadas a crianças e adolescentes com os totais orçamentários. Detalha a execução orçamentária do Pró-sinase por acreditar que há estreita vinculação entre as ações que contém e as disposições do ECA e da PNAS. Do resultado da analise, constata que os valores alocados são baixos, e, ainda assim, sua execução efetiva não alcança nem a metade dos valores disponíveis. Conclui com uma análise acerca da precária situação de vida dos meninos e meninas brasileiras que precisam ser enfrentadas por políticas sociais com baixíssimo orçamento. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT