Long-Term Lamivudine Treatment of Children with Chronic Hepatitis B: Durability of Therapeutic Responses and Safety

Lamivudine has been demonstrated safe and efficacious in the short term in a large cohort of children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), but optimal duration of treatment has not been elucidated and limited data on the safety of long-term lamivudine administration have been reported. In addition, the durability of favourable therapeutic outcomes after lamivudine therapy in children has not been well characterized. The aim of this study was to examine the safety of lamivudine and the durability of clinical responses in a group of children who received up to 3 years of treatment for CHB. One hundred and fifty-one children from centres in nine countries who had previously received lamivudine in a large prospective trial were enrolled. During the first year, children had been randomized to either lamivudine or placebo treatment. Subsequently, in a separate extension study, those who remained hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive were given lamivudine for up to 2 years and those who were HBeAg negative were observed for additional 2 years. Results of these studies have been previously reported. In this study, these children were followed for 2 additional years. Data gathered from medical record review included weight, height, signs and symptoms of hepatitis, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, serologic markers, hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels and serious adverse events (SAEs). Other pharmacological treatments for CHB were allowed according to the practices of individual investigators and were documented. Subjects were divided into two groups for analysis, those who had achieved virological response (VR), defined as HBeAg negative and undetectable HBV DNA by the bDNA assay by the end of the extension study at 3 years, and those who had not. In those who had achieved VR by the end of the extension study, long-term durability of HBeAg seroconversion was 82% and >90% in those who had received lamivudine for 52 weeks and at least 2 years respectively. This compares to 75% for those who had achieved seroconversion after placebo. In those who had not achieved VR by the end of the extension study, an additional 11% did so by the end of the study; they had all received lamivudine in the previous trial, and none had received further treatment during the study. Eight children lost hepatitis B surface antigen during the study and all had received lamivudine at some point during the previous trials. Evaluation of safety data revealed no SAEs related to lamivudine. There was no effect of treatment on weight or height z scores. Clinically benign ALT flares (>10 times normal) were seen in 2% of children. Favourable outcomes from lamivudine treatment of CHB in children are maintained for at least several years after completion of treatment. Up to 3 years of lamivudine treatment is safe in children.

Medium-short-term and repetition effects of advergames on children consumer behaviour

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Absence of clinical abnormalities suggesting renal involvement during the long-term course of visceral Leishmaniasis

Abnormalities of renal function have been demonstrated inpatients with visceral leishmaniasis; although there was a trend toward normalization following antiparasitic therapy, some abnormalities persisted. With thepurpose of studying the long- term clinical course of renal involvement in visceral leishmaniasis, 32 patients with a diagnosis of this parasitic disease were evaluated in the endemic area and at least 6 months after the clinical cure of the disease and compared with a control group of 28 individuals. No patient had a history or clinical findings suggestive of renal disease and all were normotensive. Laboratory evaluation was normal in all except 3 patients with abnormal urinalysis. Mild proteinuria and microscopic hematuria were seen in a single urinalysis in one patient (although three other urinalysis were normal), and leucocyturia in two female patients. It was concluded that the renal involvement in visceral leishmaniasis is mild and transient, with normal renal function observed on long-term follow-up after cure of the parasitic infection.

Implementation of a sigma delta modulator for a class D audio power amplifier

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Long-term behaviour of railway transitions under dynamic loading application to soft soil sites

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Engenharia Civil

Seis sigma na avaliação externa da qualidade em laboratórios clínicos

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial

Reduction of morbidity in hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis mansoni after treatment with praziquantel: a long term study

Forty-two with hepatosplenic patients treated with praziquantel and followed up for 5 years. One half of the patients received a single 30 mg/kg dose and the other half, two doses of 25 mg/kg given 4 hrs apart. According to Hoffman and Kato-Katz stool exams, an 83.3% cure rate, was observed after twelve months. Stool egg counts in cases of incomplete cure were greatly reduced. Liver function, as assessed by serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities as well as albumin and gamma globulin showed marked improvement after one year. Hepatomegaly was reduced in 81.0% of patients and splenomegaly in 78.8%. Spleen regression was complete in 15.1% of the total, and in 18.5% of those with compensated hepatosplenic disease. As a result of these observations, the authors recomend early treatment with anti-schistosomal medication, either oxamniquine or praziquantel, to halt progression of disease and reduce splenomegaly.

Three essays on the term structure of interest rates

A PhD Dissertation, presented as part of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the NOVA - School of Business and Economics

Seis Sigma: sistema de gestão e metodologia de inovação numa abordagem estruturada e integradora

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Engenharia Industrial

Aplicação de ferramentas Lean e Seis Sigma numa indústria de sistemas de fixação

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial

Serum lipids of pemphigus foliaceus patients on long-term glucocorticoid therapy

Endemic pemphigus foliaceus, and long-term corticotherapy may affect serum lipid levels. The aim of this study was to compare serum lipids of pemphigus foliaceus patients on glucocorticoid therapy to a healthy control group. Fifteen patients receiving prednisone (0.33 ± 0.22mg/kg) for at least 12 months and 15 controls were submitted to 48-h food intake records, anthropometry, and biochemical measurements. Data were compared by chi2, Mann-Whitney and Student "t" tests. The groups were matched for gender, age, weight, body mass index, arm circumference and triceps skin fold. No differences were observed in relation to energy, fat, protein and carbohydrate daily intakes, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, uric acid, and serum creatinine levels. Pemphigus foliaceus patients had higher triglyceride [159 (64-371) vs. 100 (45-133) mg/dl], VLDL [32 (13-74) vs. 20 (9-114) mg/dl] and ESR [44 (9-87) vs. 7 (1-30) mm/h] levels than controls, probably due to metabolic effects of inflammatory disease and corticotherapy.

Integração de princípios ergonómicos em Lean Seis Sigma numa indústria alimentar

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial

Six Sigma aplicado ao erro total das medições laboratoriais

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial

Design of a Continuous-Time (CT) Sigma-Delta modulator for class D audio power amplifiers

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Utilização da metodologia six sigma no âmbito da formação em manutenção aeronáutica

O Sector da Aviação Civil tem sofrido diversas alterações nos últimos anos. No entanto, os padrões de segurança têm forçosamente de ser mantidos. As alterações ao nível da regulamentação e consequente racionalização de todo o Sector abrangem o ramo da Manutenção de Aeronaves, que é alvo de especial atenção. A metodologia Six Sigma tem vindo a ser desenvolvida desde os anos 80 do século passado, altura em que teve a sua origem no sector da Indústria, no entanto, o seu desenvolvimento no sector dos serviços, onde se inclui a formação profissional em manutenção aeronáutica, tem vindo a crescer. O presente estudo tem o objectivo de avaliar o contributo da metodologia Six Sigma no âmbito da formação em Manutenção Aeronáutica numa MTO (Maintenance Training Organisation), abordando algumas formas para a aplicação dos passos DMAIC (Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control) na empresa TAP MTO. Explora-se a potencialidade desta metodologia na identificação e na decomposição dos problemas até à sua complexidade mínima, facilitando assim a resolução dos mesmos. Verifica-se que a aplicação da metodologia Six Sigma pode ser feita sem o recurso a alterações na estrutura orgânica de uma Organização, trazendo consigo inúmeros benefícios, tanto financeiros como operacionais. A metodologia aplicada não rompe com os recursos e metodologias já existentes. Permite, no entanto, uma “reciclagem” dos mesmos, aumentando a sua importância e utilidade, sem necessidade da reformulação de todo o processo. Existe ainda uma alteração na abordagem de dificuldades e o envolvimento dos cargos de Gestão mais elevados no processo de mudança.