Da supremacia funcional da Lei Parlamentar: contributo para a sistematização da teoria geral da lei no sistema de fontes do direito constitucional português

In, AAVV "Estudos de direito público", Lisboa: âncora Editora, 2006, 243-346 pp.

A pedra filosofal fiscal: da metodologia e do método em direito fiscal

In revista "FISCO", Ano XV, N.º 117/118, Dezembro 2004, 71-109 pp. - Lisboa: LEX – Edições jurídicas, Lda.

Objecção de consciência: direito fundamental à

In, Separata do VI vol. do Dicionário Jurídico da Administração Pública e Dicionário Jurídico de Administração Pública, VI, Lisboa, 1994, pp. 165 e ss.

O direito de exoneração do acionista minoritário

This study specifically addresses the situation of minority shareholders after the transfer of control in an listed company. The various underlying interests and reasons that shareholders have for investing in a company can demonstrate shareholders’ reasoning for taking radically different positions on issues relating to the transfer of control of the referred company. This study analyses the current legal system in Portugal and in the European Union in order to assess whether, in the event of a takeover bid of a listed company where there is a transfer of control, minority shareholders have the same appraisal rights as other shareholders to sell their shares and leave the company. The study then examines the European Court of Justice decision on whether a general principle of equal treatment of minority shareholders exists upon a transfer of control (Audiolux) and the Portuguese Securities Market Commission decision regarding the delisting of Brisa - Autoestradas de Portugal, S.A. based on the principle of investor protection. The study concludes that although the principle of equality amongst shareholders has made progress in the European legal system e.g. it is laid down in Directive 2004/25/EC of 21 April 2004 on takeover bids and the Portuguese Securities Market Code, there is also a need for further improvement, which can be accomplished by allowing minority shareholders to exercise an appraisal right in similar unregulated situations.

O direito de arrependimento nos contratos celebrados à distância e fora do estabelecimento

This dissertation aims to analyze the right of withdrawal and its implications on distance and off-premises contracts, due to the importance of these contracts in our society. Our main goal is, first of all, to explain the meaning and characteristics of both distance and off-premises contracts and the reason why a right of withdrawal is granted. Secondly, we intend to explain all of the relevant aspects related to this right, such as its legal concept and main characteristics, the origin and evolution of the right of withdrawal on both European and Portuguese legislation, its implications in the contracting parties and, finally, a brief analysis of the applicable law. In a nutshell, the right of withdrawal allows the consumer to withdraw from a distance or off-premises contract, unilaterally, without having to indicate any motive to justify the decision, after a cooling-off period of 14 calendar days. In these two types of contracts such right exists due to the reasons or circumstances that lead to the conclusion of the contract.

Direito a ser esquecido na internet

With the recent technological development, we have been witnessing a progressive loss of control over our personal information. Whether it is the speed in which it spreads over the internet or the permanent storage of information on cloud services, the means by which our personal information escapes our control are vast. Inevitably, this situation allowed serious violations of personal rights. The necessity to reform the European policy for protection of personal information is emerging, in order to adapt to the technological era we live in. Granting individuals the ability to delete their personal information, mainly the information which is available on the Internet, is the best solution for those whose rights have been violated. However, once supposedly deleted from the website the information is still shown in search engines. In this context, “the right to be forgotten in the internet” is invoked. Its implementation will result in the possibility for any person to delete and stop its personal information from being spread through the internet in any way, especially through search engines directories. This way we will have a more comprehensive control over our personal information in two ways: firstly, by allowing individuals to completely delete their information from any website and cloud service and secondly by limiting access of search engines to the information. This way, it could be said that a new and catchier term has been found for an “old” right.

O abuso do direito no Direito do Consumo

In Consumer Law there is a special concern to protect the consumer, who is the weaker party in the legal relationship. With this thesis we intend to show that the professional sometimes needs protection against abusive conducts from consumers. The thesis describes the different categories of abuse of rights and explains some types of consumer contracts. After examining some of the consumer’s rights, we list some situations where the consumer acts frequently with abuse of rights, by analyzing judicial decisions. We conclude that it is not possible which conducts may involve an abuse of right in an abstract manner. Only by analyzing every case and its characteristics individually can one decide where there is an abuse of right.

Fatores de risco no patrulhamento da GNR em ambiente operacional

In the mid-twentieth century, Portugal took the first big step towards social awareness of the Safety and Health at Work. Still later, the International Labour Organization and the World Health Organization were responsible for setting global guidelines that clarified the States for the way forward in inguito of safeguarding the common interests of workers, businesses and the state. All workers should be covered by the rules governing matters relating to Safety, imperative requirements established in the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic. These also include those soldiers from National Guard who, in contemporary social conjecture face in their everyday life situations worthy of heightened risk aquidade. Ensure the identification of risk factors to which they are exposed, is, first, a big boost in the way of preserving the safety of these employees, who daily selflessly and under the most adverse working conditions fulfill the mission of the Guarda Nacional Republicana. Adverse weather conditions, and violence at work are two examples of risk factors to which the military Guard are daily exposed, and hence arise many days of absence from the workplace. The purpose of this study is to identify the main risk factors to which the military from GNR are exposed during dismounted patrols, and also provide solutions on ways to mitigate and manage the risks presented. The cognitive distance traveled, throughout this study led us to demonstrate that it has been done by the GNR chain of Command, a huge effort to ensure through various forms (including emphasize the new Regulation of Uniforms), the resolution of the main factors that may jeopardize the integrity of the patrolmen, betting this Institution in the protection of the military that compose it, and the prevention of accidents at work through training and systematic monitoring that superiors expend with its employees.

Decisões em ambiente de incerteza: probabilidade e convicção na formação das decisões judiciais

In, Revista "Julgar" 21 (2013, pp. 119-147.

Gestão do ambiente e energia no sector dos serviços: caso estudo Logica

Num mundo globalizado, a competitividade entre organizações está a aumentar e tal como a Teoria de Darwin apenas sobrevivem os mais aptos, aqueles que se diferenciam pela inovação e sustentabilidade. Neste âmbito, a certificação pela norma ISO 14001 é encarada como uma norma de qualidade ambiental que permite diferenciar a organização pelas suas práticas. Este trabalho insere-se no protocolo de colaboração entre a FCT-UNL e a Logica TI Portugal e tem como objectivo principal a realização de uma auditoria ambiental a esta última. A auditoria consistiu no diagnóstico ambiental da organização e análise da distância à ISO 14001. Os resultados do diagnóstico indicam que os domínios ambientais significativos da organização são o consumo de energia eléctrica, a produção de resíduos, emissões atmosféricas e o consumo de papel e toners. Em relação ao cumprimento da ISO 14001, a organização já possui requisitos implementados pois é certificada pela ISO 9001 – Sistemas de Gestão da Qualidade que contem requisitos comuns. Uma vez que existe uma Política de Ambiente do grupo definida falta implementar processos que a realizem. Os resultados obtidos no diagnóstico ambiental permitiram apresentar recomendações para melhorar o desempenho ambiental da organização. Por outro lado, os resultados da distância à ISO 14001 permitiram elaborar tópicos para a implementação futura de um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental com base nos requisitos desta norma

Alinhamento de Textos e Memórias de Tradução em Ambiente de Empresa

Com o constante desenvolvimento das tecnologias para a tradução e a sua importância para o mercado de trabalho, os computadores e as ferramentas TAC tornaram-se instrumentos imprescindíveis ao tradutor. Tendo em conta a crescente preocupação com a otimização do processo de tradução, impõe-se que o tradutor construa as suas próprias fontes de consulta fiáveis, seja a partir da Web, de outros tradutores e até do seu próprio esforço de trabalho prévio. É possível adquirir memórias de tradução a partir de diversas fontes. Estas memórias têm como principal vantagem o facto de nunca se ter de traduzir o mesmo uma segunda vez, o que proporciona grande economia de tempo e também coerência a nível da terminologia e da fraseologia. Um dos métodos utilizados na construção de memórias de tradução diz respeito ao alinhamento de textos paralelos, de modo a que os conteúdos desses mesmos textos sejam integrados nas memórias. Com este relatório pretendeu-se esclarecer algumas questões relacionadas com as duas matérias que figuram no título, abordando as vantagens e desvantagens do alinhamento de documentos para a criação de memórias de tradução e as implicações do seu uso, tanto para o cliente que encomenda a tradução, como para a empresa que trata do projeto e para o próprio tradutor.

Jornalismo televisivo de ciência e ambiente: O caso dos telejornais de Domingo da SIC

O jornalismo de ciência e de ambiente é um campo pouco estudado em Portugal. Esta investigação apresenta-se com o objetivo de compreender e caracterizar a mediatização de temas científicos e ambientais, tendo como ponto de partida os telejornais de Domingo da Sociedade Independente de Comunicação (SIC). Procurou-se essencialmente perceber qual a representatividade destes temas nos telejornais através da análise dos alinhamentos, bem como o destaque, o género jornalístico predominante e o tipo de jornalistas que realizam peças sobre as temáticas em estudo. O presente relatório resulta e reflete uma experiência pessoal acumulada durante um estágio, com a duração de seis meses, na redação da SIC, do qual resultaram também conclusões pertinentes através da observação participante.

A proposta de regulamento relativo a um direito europeu comum da compra e venda e as suas implicações no direito português

We have witnessed in recent years, an obvious effort by the competent European institutions, towards the harmonization of general law applicable to all Member States (MS's). Many developments have been registered in several areas of law, a europeanization process that aims to add value to cross-border transactions and, consequently, the internal market and european trade. This trend manifests itself in general to the private law level, and particularly in contract law. The extension of the field in which market participants - whether professionals or consumers - can act, must imperatively be articulated with a consequent wider protection. After all, the consumer is also a leading European purposes and its level should not be called into question for the sake of promoting trade. The link between the positions of two opposing parties, professionals and consumers, requires commitment and work reinforced by the institutions but only on that basis is consistent legislative production. The proposed Regulation on a Common European Sales Law of the sale, the European Commission, set focus to European contract law and raises questions about the relevance and necessity of such uniformity. An instrument for purposes of harmonization of European contract law, that can be applied to all cross-border consumer contracts, similar in all MS's certainly bring many benefits. However, its applicability and usefulness would depend on the level of protection that would provide, compared to the existing national rights. Would an optional instrument ensure the designs of a common law? Moreover, would a binding instrument be the best alternative in that sense? Keywords:

O Ne bis in idem no Espaço de Liberdade, Segurança e Justiça e no Direito Europeu da Concorrência

Ne bis in idem, understood as a procedural guarantee in the EU assumes different features in the AFSJ and in european competition law. Despite having a common origin (being, in both sectors the result of the case law of the same jurisdictional organ) its components are quite distintic in each area of the integration. In the AFSJ, the content of bis and idem are broader and addressed at a larger protection of individuals. Its axiological ground is based on the freedom of movements and human dignity, whereas in european competition law its closely linked to defence rights of legal persons and the concept of criminal punishment of anticompetitive sanctions as interpreted by the ECHR´s jurisprudence. In european competition law, ne bis in idem is limited by the systemic framework of competition law and the need to ensure parallel application of both european and national laws. Nonetheless, the absence of a compulsory mechanism to allocate jurisdiction in the EU (both in the AFSJ and in the field of anti-trust law) demands a common axiological framework. In this context, ne bis in idem must be understood as a defence right based on equity and proportionality. As far as its international dimension is concerned, ne bis in idem also lacks an erga omnes effect and it is not considered to be a rule of ius cogens. Consequently, the model which the ECJ has built regarding the application of the ne bis in idem in transnational and supranational contexts should be replicated by other courts through cross fertilization, in order to internationalize that procedural guarantee and broaden its scope of application.