O dever de obediência a ordens ilegais na Guarda Nacional Republicana

The Republican National Guard (GNR) is a military structure and hierarchical force where discipline and obedience is a serious matter, but at the same time, the scope of its activity relates to the protection of the rights, freedoms and guarantees of citizens and the primacy of public interest. While security force, GNR ensures democratic law, guarantee the internal security and the rights of citizens. The controversial issue that lies at the heart of this work its related with the balance between the hierarchy and the written law. The hierarchy, also established by law, with given powers, exist to apply the law. However, the rule of law has exceptions. Which institute to prioritize, hierarchy or the law. And within the law, its rules or the exceptions. Who decides? The GNR's officers have to obey the laws and regulations and comply with the accuracy and timeliness determinations, orders and instructions issued by a superior, given in terms of service, as long as does not involve the practice of crime. The GNR´s officer with command tasks exercises power of authority inherent in these functions, and the corresponding disciplinary authority, being responsible for acts by himself or by his order are practiced. Identify situations of exception to law enforcement, the situations in which one must obey illegal orders, is difficult and thankless, it requires conferred authority and raises the weight of responsibility for decisions and orders issued.

Estudo dos Sintomas Psicopatológicos nas Forças Policiais Portuguesas: estudo comparativo na GNR, PSP e PJ

O presente estudo exploratório visa analisar a possibilidade de existência de Sintomas Psicopatológicos nas Forças Policiais Portuguesas GNR, PSP e PJ. Por se verificar um aumento do suicídio, nestes profissionais, com uma taxa quatro vezes superior no ano de 2008. O objectivo é essencialmente o de prevenção, conhecendo as causas, poder-se-ia intervir em tempo próprio diminuindo a taxa de suicídio. Para atingir o objectivo enunciado vamos proceder à revisão da literatura e à descrição do estudo. Foram utilizados o questionário sócio-demográfico e o BSI (Brief Symptoms Inventory) na recolha dos dados de 45 polícias (15 GNR, 15 PSP e 15 PJ) que exercem funções na Zona Centro do País e que voluntariamente colaboraram. Uma vez recolhidos os dados, estes foram introduzidos e processados no SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) versão 13.0. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que não existem diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas diferentes Forças policiais, relativamente aos sintomas Psicopatológicos. / This present exploratory study pretends to analyze the existence of psicopatologic symptoms in the Portuguese Policies Forces, Republican National Guard, Public Security Police and Judicial Police. By the constatation of the increase of the suicidal tendence in this professionals, with a four time superior tax when compared with 2008. The essential objective is the prevention of suicide, well known their causes, we will can act in the own an favorable timing diminishing the tax of suicidal tentative. To obtain the pronounced objective, we will proceed to a reading revision over the behaviour characteristics as the subjects that commit suicide and the role of the police activities that have over the happenings. After, that we will describe the used metodology that involve a social demographic enquire and the BSI that (Brief Symptoms Inventory) over a sample of 45 police man (15 GNR, 15 PSP and 15 PJ) wich activities are situated in the center of Portugal that have been voluntary to this experience. Once data is collected, it was entered into a computerized database and processed in the statistical program SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). The obtained results will allow to conclude if exist significant statistical differences in the various Policies Forces, related with the psicopatologic symptoms.

O crime de condução perigosa de veículo rodoviário e a sua perceção pelos militares da GNR afetos a fiscalização rodoviária

The Republican National Guard has a core role concerning the security of Portugal’s roads since a significant part of them are under its responsibility. Dangerous driving is a crime that happens less times that other two crimes (driving without a license and driving under the influence), but it isn’t covered by the media like those two, much to the small number of reports written by the Security Forces. This work aims to approach the particularity of this crime given it poses a real threat and because its report requirements are far demanding. The thesis is divided in two parts. The first one develops the theory frame through the analysis of documents. The second part deals with the processing of fines from selected samples. The conclusion of this study states that there is a way of reducing situations that could result in this type of crime using fines. Other conclusion points to the fact that the time gap between the occurrence of the crime and a judge’s sentence is substantial, meaning that the military from the Republican National Guard often opt for the second option because the sentences and the security measures for this crime can often find parallel in other type of crimes. The about 200 sentences reached per day from courts all over the country when tied to the 700/800 criminal defenses mean that the National Authority for Road Security is overloaded with administrative work, which is a problem that could be surpassed with the implementation of a new document and a different access to the data of each driver through the National Authority for Road Security’s website.

Motivação e Satisfação dos Discentes do Instituto Universitário Militar

Tendo como objeto de estudo a identificação dos fatores da Motivação e Satisfação dos discentes do Curso de Promoção a Oficial General, Curso de Estado-Maior Conjunto e Curso de Promoção a Oficial Superior, pretende-se com esta investigação, identificar as medidas a implementar para o seu aumento, tendo em consideração as especificidades de cada curso e o ramo das Forças Armadas e/ou Guarda Nacional Republicana a que pertencem os discentes. Apoiando a consecução deste objetivo, foi construído e aplicado um questionário à população alvo. Assim, constatou-se que a componente Desenvolvimento pessoal da Motivação, relacionada com a vontade e o desejo de querer aprender, constitui-se o principal fator motivador, com os discentes do Exército e do Curso de Estado-Maior Conjunto a apresentarem os maiores índices motivacionais. Relativamente à Satisfação, constatou-se que as principais (importantes) causas de satisfação são a Qualidade dos docentes e os Conteúdos programáticos/metodologia, ainda que não constituindo as causas com as quais os discentes demonstram maior satisfação. O Curso de Promoção a Oficial Superior, com foco nos ramos da Força Aérea e Marinha, representa os discentes menos satisfeitos. Decorrente dos resultados conclui-se então, da necessidade de implementar medidas diretamente relacionadas com o processo de aprendizagem para aumento da Motivação e Satisfação dos discentes do Instituto Universitário Militar. Igualmente, verificou-se a influência nessas variáveis, da diferente valorização dos cursos em estudo por parte dos Ramos. Abstract: With the research object of study, the identification of Motivation factors and Satisfaction of students of Flag Officers Course, Joint Staff Course and Field Grade Officers Course, it is intended, identify the measures to be implemented to its increase, taking into account the specificities of each course and the branch of the armed forces and / or Republican National Guard that belong the various students. To achieve this objective, it was constructed and applied a questionnaire to the target population. Thus, it was found that the Personal Development component of Motivation related to the will and desire to want to learn, it constitutes the main motivating factor, with the students of the Army and the Joint Staff Course to present the greatest motivational indexes. Regarding to Satisfaction, it was found that the key (important) satisfaction causes are the quality of teachers and programmatic contents / methodology, although not constituting the causes with which students demonstrate greater satisfaction. Highlights the less satisfaction between students of Field Grade Officers Course, with focus on the branches of the Air Force and Navy. Due to the results it is concluded then, the need to implement measures directly related to the learning process for increasing student Motivation and Satisfaction, and its influence by the different valuation by each branch.

Relações no terreno entre a GNR e os diversos agentes do sistema de Proteção Civil

O Sistema Nacional de Proteção Civil tem vindo a registar alterações significativas nos últimos dez anos, desde a reestruturação que sofreu em 2006. No mesmo ano, deu-se a criação do Grupo de Intervenção de Proteção e Socorro, aumentando as competências e atribuições da Guarda Nacional Republicana. Com a maturação deste suprassistema, vários sistemas foram implementados para responder às necessidades, designadamente o Sistema Integrado de Operações de Proteção e Socorro, materializado pelo Dispositivo Integrado de Operações de Proteção e Socorro, bem como o aperfeiçoamento do Sistema de Gestão de Operações. Neste sistema, a Guarda insere-se num conjunto de agentes e entidades que concorrem para o mesmo fim, a proteção e socorro. Desta forma, esta investigação tem como objetivos analisar e avaliar o relacionamento entre a Guarda e os diversos agentes de proteção civil no espetro da proteção e socorro, salientando as potencialidades e as vulnerabilidades existentes no Sistema Nacional de Proteção Civil, bem como expor a relevância e a imprescindibilidade da Guarda. A presente investigação regeu-se por uma metodologia de caráter qualitativa, através da realização de inquéritos por entrevista a representantes de agentes e entidades de proteção civil e a elementos da estrutura operacional da Autoridade Nacional de Proteção Civil. Os resultados permitem concluir que, os sistemas implementados facilitam a coordenação e articulação, potenciando a existência de um bom relacionamento entre a Guarda e os agentes de proteção civil, e aumentando, desta forma, a sua eficiência. No entanto, verificam-se falhas a nível institucional, pois, o Sistema Integrado de Operações de Proteção e Socorro abrange entidades de vários Ministérios e entidades não estatais. Estas últimas constituem-se como agentes de proteção civil e assumem uma responsabilização diminuta quando existe atribuição de comando. Constatam-se também falhas no que diz respeito a normas, protocolos e procedimentos, nas relações interpessoais, falta de formação e desconhecimento das missões respeitantes a cada agente interveniente no sistema.

A perceção da população face ao uso da força por parte das forças de segurança

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Criminologia

Journal of the National Republican Convention : which assembled in the city of Baltimore, Dec. 12, 1831, for the nominations of candidates to fill the offices of president and vice president ...

"Published by order of the convention."

Executive Reorganization: Building a State Government That Worked for People -- Tom Harrison, Diana Dowling & Sheena Wilson “In the Crucible of Change”

One of the primary accomplishments of Governor Forrest Anderson in 1969-71 was the reorganization of the Executive Branch of Montana government, something that had been attempted six different times between 1919 and 1962 as state government had grown from twenty agencies to almost 200 uncontrolled boards, bureaus and commissions. The chaotic structure of the executive branch disempowered governors of both parties and empowered the private corporations and organizations that were the power structure of Montana. With remarkable political acumen, Governor Anderson figured out how to get that near impossible job done. Central to his efforts was the creation of an Executive Reorganization Commission, including eight legislators and the Governor, the adoption of a Constitutional Amendment that limited the executive branch to no more than twenty departments under the Governor, and the timely completion of a massive research effort to delineate the actual structure of the twenty departments. That story is told in this episode by three major players in the effort, all involved directly with the Executive Reorganization Commission: Tom Harrison, Diana Dowling and Sheena Wilson. Their recollections reflect an insider’s perspective of this significant accomplishment that helped change Montana “In the Crucible of Change.” Tom Harrison is a former Republican State Representative and State Senator from Helena, who was a member of the Executive Reorganization Commission. As Majority Leader in the Montana House of Representatives in 1971, he was the primary sponsor of the House’s executive reorganization bill and helped shepherd the Senate’s version to passage. Harrison was the Republican candidate for Attorney General in 1976 after which he practiced private law for 3 more decades. He served in the Montana Army National Guard for almost 34 years, rising to the rank of Colonel in the position of Judge Advocate General. He was a founding Director of Federal Defenders of Montana (legal representation for indigents accused within the Federal Judicial System); appointed Chairman of the original Montana State Fund (workers' compensation insurance) by Gov. Stephens; served as President of the Montana Trial Lawyers Association, Helena Kiwanis Club and St. Peter's Community Hospital Foundation, as well as Chairman and Director of AAA MountainWest; and was a founder, first Chairman and Director of the Valley Bank of Helena for over 25 years. Diana Dowling was an attorney for the Executive Reorganization Commission and helped draft the legislation that was passed. She also worked for Governor Forrest Anderson and for the 1972 Constitutional Convention where she prepared and directed publication of official explanation of the new Constitution that was mailed to all Montana voters. Diana was Executive Director of the Montana Bar Association and for 20 years held various legal positions with the Montana Legislative Council. For 12 years she was a commissioner on the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws and for 7 years was a member of Montana State Board of Bar Examiners. Diana was the first director of the Montana Lottery, an adjunct professor at both Carroll College and the UM Law School, and an administrative officer for Falcon Press Publishing Co. Diana is currently - and intends to continue being - a perpetual college student. Sheena Wilson came fresh out of the University of Montana to become a Research Assistant for the Executive Reorganization Commission. Later she worked for seven years as a field representative in Idaho and Montana for the Mountain Plains Family Education Program, for thirteen years with Congressman Pat Williams as Executive Assistant in Washington and Field Assistant here in Montana, owned and managed a Helena restaurant for seven years, worked as Executive Assistant for State Auditor John Morrison and was Deputy Chief of Staff for Governor Brian Schweitzer his full 8 years in the Governorship. Though currently “retired”, Sheena serves on the Montana Board of Investments, the Public Employees Retirement Board and the Capitol Complex Advisory Council and is a partner in a dry-land wheat farm in Teton County that was homesteaded by her great uncle.

National service.

Mode of access: Internet.

History of the thirty days' campaign of the Sixty-Eighth Regiment, New York State National Guards : commencing June 25th, 1863 /

Mode of access: Internet.

Illinois guard chronicle.

Title from cover.

Official proceedings of the Republican convention convened in the city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on the twenty-second of February, 1856.

Cover title (p. [1]). At head of title: Republican documents.

Republican campaign text book.

Title varies.

DA Formação inicial ao primeiro ano de serviço efetivo : Curso de Formação de Guardas 2014/2015

Num mundo atual, em que a globalização imprime os seus efeitos sobre as dinâmicas sociais, o acesso à informação e ao conhecimento é instantâneo e produzido ao minuto. A sociedade torna-se cada vez mais exigente com os serviços a si prestados, obrigando assim, a uma constante especialização dos funcionários e entidades que os prestam. As populações tornaram-se mais rigorosas no que respeita aos serviços prestados pela Guarda. Estes serviços terão tanto mais qualidade quanto maior for a preparação dos militares para lidar com a complexidade dos problemas que diariamente são sentidos e vividos pelas populações. A capacidade de respostas proativas por parte da GNR assenta num processo de formação eficaz e adequada aos militares que contactam diretamente com a população. A investigação aplicada levada a cabo neste trabalho tem como objetivo geral, compreender de que forma a formação ministrada no Curso de Formação de Guardas está alinhada com a atividade territorial da Guarda. Para esta investigação foram selecionados dois instrumentos de recolha de dados: o inquérito por questionário, que foi aplicado aos Guardas Provisórios no término do curso; e a entrevista, aplicada aos formadores (Oficiais e Sargentos) que os acompanharam no decorrer do referido curso. Tendo em conta os dados recolhidos, constata-se que existe a necessidade de direcionar a formação ministrada, de uma forma mais contundente, para as exigências da função de patrulheiro da Guarda. As tarefas nucleares de atendimento ao público e de elaboração de expediente são, com base na opinião dos formadores e formandos, uma fragilidade do curso. A formação ministrada no CFG está em certa medida alinhada com a atividade territorial da GNR e transmite indubitavelmente os conhecimentos essenciais aos futuros militares da Guarda. No entanto, existem aspetos que merecem especial atenção por parte da Instituição.

Compilation of Periodic Histories from 1 April 1979 to 31 December 1989

This document covers operations, training, organization, key personnel, recognition and awards between 1979 and 1989.