Elementos sociais para a compreensão do prestígio científico e de seus riscos

Natural sciences have an enormous status in public opinion. Their achievements, which become known mostly by means of technology, give to them social credibility, unconditional support and positive social expectances. Further, their social images, generated by the success of their products, tend to lead people to develop only favorable ideas about scientists and about how science works, which are even more reinforced in the schools. By another side, the history of science has been allowed us to comprehend the internal and external social relations concerning to science, showing it as a field of disputes, interests and contradictions as many other fields which comprise human relations. Therefore, the objective of this text is to present social elements of the construction and impacts of natural science, aiming at putting in evidence the importance of the social studies of the scientific world for the courses of education of science teachers.

Intelectuais brasileiros em disputa pela Escola Nova na década de 1930

In the first decades of the last century, Brazilian intellectuals played an im- portant role in the new configuration to the country reached. Brazil had then passed by rapid process of moderniza- tion. The educational field was place of contention between different currents of intellectuals. The idea was to create a new society through what is called the New School. In Brazil, unlike in Europe, most of the population had no access to school. Therefore, the New School was not privileged to critique existing school system, but the actual construction of the large Brazilian childhood schooling. Thus, we crea- ted libraries in teaching urban school groups, with the aim of improving the training of primary school teachers in the pedagogical ideas of the New School. This work has for objective to understand the conflicts among Brazi- lian intellectuals on the list of recommended readings for teacher training schools in the first half of the twentieth century. This paper presents an exam- ple of this intellectual dispute through the analysis of a Brazilian school li- brary copy of the 1930s.

O desafio de se ensinar Modelos Atômicos a partir do tema agrotóxico: possibilidades de formação problematizadora

A proposta apresentada busca discutir as potencialidades que uma sequência didática baseada nos eixos teóricos de Divulgação Científica e da concepção educacional de Paulo Freire, teve para uma formação problematizadora de alunos de uma escola no Brasil. Considerando formação como meio da interação entre sujeitos e com o mundo, viabilizada pelo questionamento da realidade e enfrentamento dos problemas da prática social e intervenção direta no mundo, a problematização da Divulgação Científica no ensino formal permite proporcionar discussões que representam a possibilidade de relação de seu conteúdo geral, do conhecimento científico e de esferas do mundo vivido. Em nosso caso, essa possibilidade viabilizou o tratamento de conhecimentos relacionados ao conceito de modelos atômicos além de enfatizar as potencialidades do planejamento interdisciplinar.

A formação inicial para o ensino de Ciências e aEducação Inclusiva: o currículo das licenciaturas

O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar a inserção da temática Educação Inclusiva (EI) em cursos de licenciatura da área de Ciências (Biologia, Física e Química), das universidades públicas estaduais do estado de São Paulo. Analisou-se o projeto políticos pedagógicos (PPP) e planos de ensino das disciplinas da área pedagógica, através da análise documental. Dos PPPs das licenciaturas em Ciências, apenas um curso de Física (FIS 4), um de Química (QUIM 6) e Ciências Biológicas (BIO 13) tratam da EI. Em relação às disciplinas que abordam a EI, dos 13 cursos de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas, apenas três apresentam disciplinas que abordam a temática. Dos nove cursos de licenciatura em Física, quatro possuem disciplina que abordam a temática. Dos oito cursos de licenciatura em Química, dois contam com disciplinas que abordam a temática “Educação Inclusiva”.

Representações de conteúdo inseridos no plano de ensino de professores em formação continuada

A partir de um curso com abordagem interdisciplinar contemplando as áreas: Química, Física e Ciências Biológicas, solicitou-se aos professores de Química a elaboração de Planos de Ensino, sobre o tema Equilíbrio Químico. O objetivo foi construir uma análise das representações de conteúdo (CoRe) no planejamento. A pesquisa realizada caracteriza-se como qualitativa descritiva e a análise foi realizada com base na análise de conteúdo. Inicialmente os professores apresentavam preocupação com relação à memorização dos conceitos pelos alunos. Ao final, pode-se perceber uma ligeira mudança no discurso dos professores e sua postura valoriza a compreensão dos conceitos relacionados ao conteúdo, e os conhecimentos prévios dos alunos como requisitos de aprendizagem.

La cuestión sociocientífica del Diagnóstico preimplantación genética (DPG) como posibilidad para una comprensión social de la ciencia por parte de futuros profesores

El presente trabajo hace parte de una investigación más amplia y para efectos de este artículo se consideró la pregunta problema ¿Cuáles comprensiones sobre ciencia se van construyendo por parte de los licenciandos al abordar la polémica del Diagnóstico preimplantación genética (DPG)? Y como objetivo se planteó analizar dichas comprensiones en la perspectiva de la formación de profesores. El grupo participante correspondió a 14 estudiantes de licenciatura de una universidad colombiana que participaron de un seminario sobre la polémica del DPG, a través de lecturas de noticias de periódicos nacionales, presentaciones y debates. Algunos resultados indican comprensiones tales como la relación del desarrollo científico con aspectos éticos y la comprensión sobre la ciencia como factor de poder; las cuales posibilitan mayor entendimiento de la NdC con aspectos políticos y éticos necesarios para pensar la formación de profesores.

A inclusão da natação na vida da pessoa com deficiência: uma análise a partir da teoria ecológica do desenvolvimento

The objective of thisstudy was to verify, using the Ecological Development Theory (EDT), as the practice and swimming learning for People With Disabilities (PWD) causes changes to both the practitioner and in other environments experienced by it as well as the other environments influence the learning to swim. The study included 16 PWD, students linked university extension project, Department of Physical Education of UNESP Bauru, taught by coordinators LAPEF, which aims to includes wimming in the PWD ofevery day life, students linked to an institution of Bauru-SP, three employees of the institution and two swimming project teachers.Interviews with the families of the students were made, with the institution s employees, with the project teachers and analyze thes wimming lessons applied in the project for one semester. Based on the results we can say that the practice and learnings wimming for PWD causes changes to both the practitioner and for other environments experienced by her (home, institution) and also, what other environments experienced by PWD influence in practice and process of learning to swim. Using the terminology of EDT, we conclude that theme so system (home activities institution) influences in the microsystem (swimming lessons) and the microsystem influences the mesosystem, so the activity was significant and temporal persistence influencing the development of PCD.

Block & Bridle Annual 1957-1958

Gary Briggs, Paul Yeutter, Ray Cada, Darrel Zessin, Byron Kort. Louis Welch, Kay Robohm, Darrel Eberspacher, Elwin Mosier, Ardyce Haring, Carolyn Hall. Larry Lutz, Maurice Bonne, Max Waldo, Duane Stokebrand, Ted Klug, Prof. Richard B. Warren (Faculty Advisor). Eli Thomssen, Phil Starck, Ray DeBower, Gary Berke, Jay Cook, Roger Hild. Russell Person, Morris Ochsner, Del Kuhlman, John Wink, Jerry Dart, Tom Kraeger.

Block & Bridle Annual 1959-1960

President Roger Wehrbein Vice President Ted Klug Secretary George B. O'Neal Treasurer Ralph Hazen Marshal Bud Reece Historian Tom Kraeger Co-Historian John Zauha Ag. Executive Representative Larry Williams Faculty Advisor Dr. E. B. Peo, Jr. George Ahlschwede Richard Hahn Henry Beel Ralph Hazen Gary Briggs Gary Heineman Leslie Cook Max Hauser Richard Eberspacher Buce Jameson Russ Edeal Leon Janovy William Ehresman Alan Jorgensen Rolland Eubanks John Joyner Mickey Evertson Marshall Jurgens Jesse Felker Ron Kahle Mylon Filkins Donald Kavan Richard Frahm Max Keasling Roger French Ronald Kennedy Angus Garey Ted Klug Ed Gates Herb Kraeger Gerald Gogan Tom Kraeger Gerald Goold Fernando Lagos Jay Graf Gerald Lamberson Lloyd Langemeier Ralph Langemeier Gerald Loseke Donald Meiergerd Lowell Minert John Oeltjen George B. O'Neal Don Ormesher Larry Ott Bud Reece Ron Sabatka Keith Smith Ronald Smith Donn Simonson Daryl Starr Galen Stevens Eugene Turdy Ernest Thayer Charles Thompson Jerry Thompson Eli Thomssen William Watkins Allen Trumble Robert Weber Lawrence Turner Dan Wehrbein Reginald Turner Roger Wehrbein Vance Uden Dick White Max Waldo Billy Williams Blair Williams Larry Williams D. Patrick Wright John Zauha

American Lives: A Reader [Preface & Introduction]

Memoirs are as varied as human emotion and experience, and those published in the distinguished American Lives Series run the gamut. Excerpted from this series (called “splendid” by Newsweek) and collected here for the first time, these dispatches from American lives take us from China during the Cultural Revolution to the streets of New York in the sixties to a cabin in the backwoods of Idaho. In prose as diverse as the stories they tell, writers such as Floyd Skloot, Ted Kooser, Peggy Shumaker, and Lee Martin, among many others, open windows to their own ordinary and extraordinary experiences. John Skoyles tells how, for his Uncle Fred, a particular “Hard Luck Suit” imparted misfortune. Brenda Serotte describes a Turkish grandmother who made her living reading palms, interpreting cups, and prescribing poultices for the community. In “Son of Mr. Green Jeans,” Dinty W. Moore views fatherhood through the lens of pop culture. Janet Sternburg’s Phantom Limb muses on the dilemmas of a child caring for a parent. Whether evoking moments of death or disease, in family or marriage, history, politics, religion, or culture, these glimpses into singular American lives come together in a richly textured, colorful patchwork quilt of American life.

Review of Good Growing: Why Organic Farming Works by Leslie A. Duram

As an extension vegetable specialist with a strong interest in organic farming and in assisting farmers to make a living, I relished this book. Leslie Duram is a geographer at Southern Illinois University Carbondale who has her roots in Kansas and is motivated by a love for Plains agriculture. The book, which she describes as a piece of advocacy scholarship, is at once scholarly, informative, and entertaining. In six well-organized chapters Duram provides an overview of organic farming within the context of overall U.S. agriculture and society (with our growing demand for organic food), reviews research describing organic farms and farmers , presents and analyzes the stories of five successful organic family farms, and offers a vision of a future American agriculture based on medium-sized organic family farms.

Surface-Potential-Based Drain Current Analytical Model for Triple-Gate Junctionless Nanowire Transistors

This paper proposes a drain current model for triple-gate n-type junctionless nanowire transistors. The model is based on the solution of the Poisson equation. First, the 2-D Poisson equation is used to obtain the effective surface potential for long-channel devices, which is used to calculate the charge density along the channel and the drain current. The solution of the 3-D Laplace equation is added to the 2-D model in order to account for the short-channel effects. The proposed model is validated using 3-D TCAD simulations where the drain current and its derivatives, the potential, and the charge density have been compared, showing a good agreement for all parameters. Experimental data of short- channel devices down to 30 nm at different temperatures have been also used to validate the model.

Junction Field Effect on the Retention Time for One-Transistor Floating-Body RAM

One-transistor floating-body random access memory retention time distribution is investigated on silicon-on-insulator UTBOX devices. It is shown that the average retention time can be improved by two to three orders of magnitude by reducing the body-junction electric field. However, the retention time distribution, which is mainly caused by the generation-recombination center density variation, remains similar.

A Novel Method of Evaluating Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction: Dynamic Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Compared to Standard Modalities to Assess Urinary Obstruction in a Swine Model

Purpose: Dynamic near infrared fluorescence imaging of the urinary tract provides a promising way to diagnose ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Initial studies demonstrated the ability to visualize urine flow and peristalsis in great detail. We analyzed the efficacy of near infrared imaging in evaluating ureteropelvic junction obstruction, renal involvement and the anatomical detail provided compared to conventional imaging modalities. Materials and Methods: Ten swine underwent partial or complete unilateral ureteral obstruction. Groups were survived for the short or the long term. Imaging was performed with mercaptoacetyltriglycine diuretic renogram, magnetic resonance urogram, excretory urogram, ultrasound and near infrared imaging. Scoring systems for ureteropelvic junction obstruction were developed for magnetic resonance urogram and near infrared imaging. Physicians and medical students graded ureteropelvic junction obstruction based on magnetic resonance urogram and near infrared imaging results. Results: Markers of vascular and urinary dynamics were quantitatively consistent among control renal units. The same markers were abnormal in obstructed renal units with significantly different times of renal phase peak, start of pelvic phase and start of renal uptake. Such parameters were consistent with those obtained with mercaptoacetyltriglycine diuretic renography. Near infrared imaging provided live imaging of urinary flow, which was helpful in identifying the area of obstruction for surgical planning. Physicians and medical students categorized the degree of obstruction appropriately for fluorescence imaging and magnetic resonance urogram. Conclusions: Near infrared imaging offers a feasible way to obtain live, dynamic images of urine flow and ureteral peristalsis. Qualitative and quantitative parameters were comparable to those of conventional imaging. Findings support fluorescence imaging as an accurate, easy to use method of diagnosing ureteropelvic junction obstruction.

Dependence of Generation-Recombination Noise With Gate Voltage in FD SOI MOSFETs

A model for computing the generation-recombination noise due to traps within the semiconductor film of fully depleted silicon-on-insulator MOSFET transistors is presented. Dependence of the corner frequency of the Lorentzian spectra on the gate voltage is addressed in this paper, which is different to the constant behavior expected for bulk transistors. The shift in the corner frequency makes the characterization process easier. It helps to identify the energy position, capture cross sections, and densities of the traps. This characterization task is carried out considering noise measurements of two different candidate structures for single-transistor dynamic random access memory devices.