991 resultados para Arquitetura escolar


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The intention of the present study was to analyze the adequacy of the playground of elementary schools, according to the point of view of the child student, direct user of this type of environment, what estimated its critical in respect to these spaces and aimed at to contribute for its improvement. Many studies have analyzed the quality of the physical environment available for activities of leisure in specific places for children, focusing in the influence of the physical space in the interpersonal relationships and the comfort and satisfaction generated by the physical characteristics of these spaces. Concern with scholar environment, specially the interest on playgrounds, has been subject of recent studies; however, little attention has been given to the opinion of the user-child in relation to this school environment. In this inquiry of the playground of two state schools of 1ª to 4ª series of elementary school in the city of Piracicaba, SP, was used: assystematics observations, photographic register of the studied environments, interviews with child-users and behavioral mapping. The main subjects resulting from the analysis of the interviews content were: adaptation, density and interpersonal relationships, and infantile confinement. The results revealed the unsatisfactory conditions of the courtyards, in respect to person-environment relationship. The children demonstrated to be critical, creative and responsible when answering questions related to the quality of the school courtyard. This finding confirms previous studies and leads to the conclusion that the child, as the direct user, should be included as an excellent source of consultation in the planning of the constructed environment

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O texto analisa a ordenação do tempo nas escolas primárias paulistas no final do século XIX e início do século XX, período em que se institui e se consolida a arquitetura temporal escolar. Compreende, pois, as primeiras prescrições detalhadas sobre o tempo constantes na reforma republicana da instrução pública de 1892, as regulamentações instituídas no decorrer da Primeira República, até o momento de criação do Código de Educação de São Paulo em 1933, quando se inaugura uma nova fase da instrução pública no estado. O texto busca mostrar como o tempo constitui uma ordem que se experimenta e se aprende na escola. Para a realização deste estudo foram utilizadas fontes documentais, especialmente a legislação e textos oficiais da administração do ensino. As análises incidem sobre dois aspectos: a formulação política do tempo escolar e a organização pedagógica e disciplinar do tempo na escola. em relação ao primeiro aspecto, mostra como a ordenação do tempo pautou-se pela aspiração de uniformização e controle. Nesse sentido, as autoridades do ensino público procuraram regulamentar a obrigatoriedade do ensino, a freqüência, a duração do curso primário e a jornada escolar. em relação à organização pedagógica e disciplinar do tempo, põe em destaque a ordenação minuciosa do emprego do tempo compreendendo a racionalização curricular - a seleção e distribuição do conhecimento por séries, aulas, lições, e a definição dos horários.

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O seguinte trabalho apresenta como tema a segurança contra incêndio aplicada a uma edificação de interesse histórico, sendo proposto o anteprojeto arquitetônico de reuso do antigo Grupo Escolar Augusto Severo, localizado na cidade de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, como pano de fundo para esta discussão. A proposta arquitetônica contempla a instalação do Centro de Extensão, Cidadania e Cultura da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte na referida edificação e, partiu de uma demanda real da instituição que na data da pesquisa desenvolvia o mesmo projeto em seu âmbito técnico-administrativo. No desenvolvimento do trabalho é proposto a aplicação da legislação local de proteção e combate contra incêndio e também a análise de risco de incêndio proposta pela metodologia do Programa Monumenta, a qual é adotada pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN) através dos seus Cadernos Técnicos. As duas questões apresentadas se diferem por se tratar a primeira de um modelo tradicional e prescritivo (aplicação estrita da lei), e a segunda de um modelo não prescritivo que procura critérios de desempenho da edificação para elencar as medidas de proteção a serem adotadas, portanto, o trabalho procura abranger na situação de projeto proposta tanto as questões legais, como também considerando o real risco que a edificação apresenta (de acordo com a metodologia escolhida). Estes riscos, no caso de prédios históricos, podem ser maiores que os normalmente associado as edificações contemporâneas devido a uma série de fatores, tais como a baixa compartimentação, falta de proteção passiva, uso de materiais com maior poder de combustão e adaptações diversas decorrente dos usos que a edificação apresentou ao longo de seu tempo. Após esta análise de risco será desenvolvido tanto o anteprojeto arquitetônico como o projeto básico de combate contra incêndio, em consonância com as interferências e demandas geradas pela questão da segurança contra incêndio e pânico na edificação de interesse patrimonial.

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In the social-historical moment we live in, it is each time more evident the necessity of the people to learn to deal with the environment in conscientious way, taking care of themselves properly through it. In this direction, considering the school as a place where children, young and adolescents spend great part of their time, this work had as objective to examine the perception of school environment for students, professors and employees of two schools in João Pessoa city - Centro Estadual Experimental de Ensino-Aprendizagem Sesquicentenário and Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e Médio Presidente Emílio Garrastazu Médici (Experimental State Center of Learning-teaching Sesquicentenário and Basic and High State School Education Emilio Garrastazu Médici President). From the presupposed that the environments in which and with which people live reflect their daily practices, the field work searched to identify the social-environmental practices that characterize the relation of these users with the school and, from this understanding, to infer some of their concerns regarding the environment as a whole. To analyze the use of the available physical space in the two institutions it was opted the use of the After-Occupation Evaluation, one of the approaches that feed the process of building production or built set, rescuing aspects related to its use, operation and maintenance. Besides analyzing diverse school environments (such as classroom circulations/accesses, library, pedagogical and sportive spaces) in relation to the environmental comfort and the perceptions of the main users of the schools (pupils, professors and employees), the dissertation tried to inquire the care (ambient education) of these users with the school space. In general, it was verified that the two schools have evaluations and perceptions really different for four reasons: (i) management of the schools; (ii) the users perception; (III) localization of schools and (IV) feeling of place, territoriality and appropriation

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Cette recherche a pour but d analyser l Ecole Augusto Severo, située dans la ville de Natal dont la construction date de 1907,étant le premier établissement d enseignement primaire à l état du Rio Grande do Norte, pendant le processus de restructuration de l enseignement républicain. On cherche à comprendre la représentation de ce milieu scolaire, comme équipement urbain, dans le processus de modernisation de la ville et comme modèle éducationnel pour l état entre 1908 et 1913. En se servant des études historiographes sur le processus de modernisation de quelques villes brésiliennes et des innovations de l enseignement public primaire au pays, à la fin du dix-neuvième siècle et pendant la première décennie du vingtième siècle, comme source pour mieux saisir le contexte général et spécifique. On reconstitue les aspects économiques, sociaux et politiques déterminants des interventions publiques réalisées dans cette ville par les gouvernements républicains ayant comme obectif la construction d une ville embellie,hygiénique et civilisée. Située au quartier Ribeira, principal scénario de la modernité de Natal, l Ecole Augusto Severo est mise em relief comme symbole de civilité du paysage urbain de l époque pour le citoyen du Rio Grande do Norte. Elle disposait de services d énergie et d un tram électrique. Il y avait devant, un grand lac arborisé et une station ferroviaire. A côté, il y avait le théâtre Carlos Gomes (actuellement Alberto Maranhão). Par suíte de son imposante architecture, raffiné style éclectique,on reflète l idéal républicain des elites locales, avec une conception d espace symbolique et éducative de surveillance et contrôle, caractéristiques de l école graduée républicaine

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This work was originated through the results of the analysis of the services for the needs of people with disabilities that were permitted by the physical space of two schools of the municipality of Natal/RN. The general objective/goal was to subsidize the elaboration of alternatives for the planning of environments that could be used by any person. The study used the empirical research through the adoption of a multimethod approach including: (i) technical visits oriented by the NBR 9050, (ii) contact with users that have reduced mobility (visually impaired and wheelchair or crutch users) through escorted travels and interviews, and (iii) interview with school managers. The evidence from the research, even though with significant development of laws that guarantee people with disabilities their right to citizenship, the physical environment of our schools still present with many obstacles that prevent the mobility of people with disabilities which proves their lack of readiness to accommodate them. Therefore, the actions taken to address the accessibility has been the adoption of temporary solutions that makes the adaptation more difficult, adds obstacles and reinforces the undesirable segregation, however still very present in our society. Finally, there is the indication that in order to achieve the spatial configuration that promotes social contact and integration in between the persons with different physical status, it is necessary to completely comprehend the activities developed in each space, from the conception of the equipment to the individual learning needs, having in mind creating environments that stimulates the execution of the tasks in an independent manner without the assistance of others. The inclusion regarding attention to accessibility in the decision making process, directed to the arquitectural and urban project, would decrease the constant need to redevelop and adapt spaces, and should be definitely incorporated as an important component in the production of space

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In the social-historical moment we live in, it is each time more evident the necessity of the people to learn to deal with the environment in conscientious way, taking care of themselves properly through it. In this direction, considering the school as a place where children, young and adolescents spend great part of their time, this work had as objective to examine the perception of school environment for students, professors and employees of two schools in João Pessoa city - Centro Estadual Experimental de Ensino-Aprendizagem Sesquicentenário and Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e Médio Presidente Emílio Garrastazu Médici (Experimental State Center of Learning-teaching Sesquicentenário and Basic and High State School Education Emilio Garrastazu Médici President). From the presupposed that the environments in which and with which people live reflect their daily practices, the field work searched to identify the social-environmental practices that characterize the relation of these users with the school and, from this understanding, to infer some of their concerns regarding the environment as a whole. To analyze the use of the available physical space in the two institutions it was opted the use of the After-Occupation Evaluation, one of the approaches that feed the process of building production or built set, rescuing aspects related to its use, operation and maintenance. Besides analyzing diverse school environments (such as classroom circulations/accesses, library, pedagogical and sportive spaces) in relation to the environmental comfort and the perceptions of the main users of the schools (pupils, professors and employees), the dissertation tried to inquire the care (ambient education) of these users with the school space. In general, it was verified that the two schools have evaluations and perceptions really different for four reasons: (i) management of the schools; (ii) the users perception; (III) localization of schools and (IV) feeling of place, territoriality and appropriation

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Dissertação de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Design de Comunicação, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitectura.

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Cette recherche a pour but d analyser l Ecole Augusto Severo, située dans la ville de Natal dont la construction date de 1907,étant le premier établissement d enseignement primaire à l état du Rio Grande do Norte, pendant le processus de restructuration de l enseignement républicain. On cherche à comprendre la représentation de ce milieu scolaire, comme équipement urbain, dans le processus de modernisation de la ville et comme modèle éducationnel pour l état entre 1908 et 1913. En se servant des études historiographes sur le processus de modernisation de quelques villes brésiliennes et des innovations de l enseignement public primaire au pays, à la fin du dix-neuvième siècle et pendant la première décennie du vingtième siècle, comme source pour mieux saisir le contexte général et spécifique. On reconstitue les aspects économiques, sociaux et politiques déterminants des interventions publiques réalisées dans cette ville par les gouvernements républicains ayant comme obectif la construction d une ville embellie,hygiénique et civilisée. Située au quartier Ribeira, principal scénario de la modernité de Natal, l Ecole Augusto Severo est mise em relief comme symbole de civilité du paysage urbain de l époque pour le citoyen du Rio Grande do Norte. Elle disposait de services d énergie et d un tram électrique. Il y avait devant, un grand lac arborisé et une station ferroviaire. A côté, il y avait le théâtre Carlos Gomes (actuellement Alberto Maranhão). Par suíte de son imposante architecture, raffiné style éclectique,on reflète l idéal républicain des elites locales, avec une conception d espace symbolique et éducative de surveillance et contrôle, caractéristiques de l école graduée républicaine

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This work was originated through the results of the analysis of the services for the needs of people with disabilities that were permitted by the physical space of two schools of the municipality of Natal/RN. The general objective/goal was to subsidize the elaboration of alternatives for the planning of environments that could be used by any person. The study used the empirical research through the adoption of a multimethod approach including: (i) technical visits oriented by the NBR 9050, (ii) contact with users that have reduced mobility (visually impaired and wheelchair or crutch users) through escorted travels and interviews, and (iii) interview with school managers. The evidence from the research, even though with significant development of laws that guarantee people with disabilities their right to citizenship, the physical environment of our schools still present with many obstacles that prevent the mobility of people with disabilities which proves their lack of readiness to accommodate them. Therefore, the actions taken to address the accessibility has been the adoption of temporary solutions that makes the adaptation more difficult, adds obstacles and reinforces the undesirable segregation, however still very present in our society. Finally, there is the indication that in order to achieve the spatial configuration that promotes social contact and integration in between the persons with different physical status, it is necessary to completely comprehend the activities developed in each space, from the conception of the equipment to the individual learning needs, having in mind creating environments that stimulates the execution of the tasks in an independent manner without the assistance of others. The inclusion regarding attention to accessibility in the decision making process, directed to the arquitectural and urban project, would decrease the constant need to redevelop and adapt spaces, and should be definitely incorporated as an important component in the production of space

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Seminário de Educação Física e Esporte promovido pela Comissão de Turismo e Desporto no qual foram foram debatidos os seguintes temas: a importância da educação física no sistema educacional brasileiro; o desenvolvimento cognitivo e motor e sua relação com a implementação da educação física no sistema no ensino infantil; as experiências exitosas em educação através do esporte; programas de inspiração internacional; a organização dos jogos e competições escolares como fator de democratização da prática esportiva e a relação dos jogos escolares com a prática da educação física e a seleção de atletas de alto rendimento.

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Este trabajo investiga la relación de determinadas características del alumnado de Educación Primaria y de Secundaria (teorías implícitas de la inteligencia, metas académicas de logro, autoconcepto social, compromiso con las tareas artísticas y actitudes hacia la enseñanza artística en la escuela) con el rendimiento académico (calificación y comprensión artística) en la asignatura de Educación Artística. Se formulan cuatro hipótesis que plantean relación débil de las calificaciones académicas en la asignatura de Artes Visuales con el nivel de comprensión, así como relación positiva y significativa del rendimiento académico en Educación Artística con concepciones sobre la propia inteligencia como incremental, con el compromiso con las tareas artísticas, con las actitudes hacia la asignatura, con las metas de aprendizaje y con el autoconcepto social. Los resultados, obtenidos de una muestra de 606 escolares de Educación Primaria y Secundaria, confirman parcialmente las hipótesis de investigación pues se constata cierta relación significativa, positiva e irregular entre calificación en Educación Artística y comprensión artística, se confirma la relación previamente hipotetizada del compromiso con las tareas artísticas y de las actitudes hacia la Educación Artística con el rendimiento académico en la asignatura de Arte, y se señala asimismo relación estadísticamente significativa de las metas académicas de aprendizaje y del autoconcepto social con la calificación y con la comprensión artísticas, si bien las metas de desempeño también muestran ciertas relaciones significativas con el rendimiento artístico. Se concluye subrayando la relevancia del presente trabajo al establecer relaciones significativas entre características del alumnado y su rendimiento académico en la asignatura de Educación Plástica y Visual.

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Sencilla y Potente. Ecológica y económica. “Moodle” se extiende exponencialmente por los centros de enseñanza de todo el mundo. Es muy útil como herramienta para la enseñanza. Permite la gestión de la asignatura, y son muchas sus utilidades, desde colgar los más diversos contenidos multimedia (apuntes, videos, imágenes,…,) hasta poder evaluar las diferentes tareas de nuestros alumnos o realizar exámenes online. Resulta esencial para crear “objetos de aprendizaje” o “unidades didácticas” y para fomentar el autoaprendizaje y el aprendizaje cooperativo. También es la herramienta ideal para gestionar la organización de las comunidades educativas y permitir la comunicación y el trabajo en red entre sus distintos integrantes y con otros centros. Resultando especialmente útil para la integración e implementación de los currículos, la comunicación con las familias y su uso en el ámbito extraescolar. Con este artículo se pretende explicar de una manera clara y sencilla en que consiste moodle y cuales son sus diferentes posibilidades de uso para los centros, los profesores y los alumnos, siempre desde el punto de vista de un usuario no iniciado en las nuevas tecnologías.

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[Es] En este artículo se relata el proceso formativo que han seguido tres profesores de educación física coordinadores de deporte escolar en el curso 2004/2005. En éste curso se realizó un diagnóstico en tres ikastolas de Bizkaia para lo que se crearon diferentes grupos de trabajo en los que se dieron procesos formativos a distintos niveles. Las personas que posibilitaron el desarrollo de la investigación fueron profesores de educación física coordinadores de deporte escolar. Éstos, a través de la investigación-acción, han iniciado su formación como investigadores en el propio proceso de realización del diagnóstico. La formación que han recibido ha partido de considerarles objeto y sujeto de la investigación y de formales en la elaboración y utilización de técnicas adecuadas a la realización de procesos de investigación de naturaleza cualitativa.