Never-resting microglia: physiological roles in the healthy brain and pathological implications

Microglia are largely known as the major orchestrators of the brain inflammatory response. As such, they have been traditionally studied in various contexts of disease, where their activation has been assumed to induce a wide range of detrimental effects. In the last few years, a series of discoveries have challenged the current view of microglia, showing their active and positive contribution to normal brain function. This Research Topic will review the novel physiological roles of microglia in the developing, mature and aging brain, under non-pathological conditions. In particular, this Research Topic will discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which microglia contribute to the formation, pruning and plasticity of synapses; the maintenance of the blood brain barrier; the regulation of adult neurogenesis and hippocampal learning; and neuronal survival, among other important roles. Because these novel findings defy our understanding of microglial function in health as much as in disease, this Research Topic will also summarize the current view of microglial nomenclature, phenotypes, origin and differentiation, sex differences, and contribution to various brain pathologies. Additionally, novel imaging approaches and molecular tools to study microglia in their non-activated state will be discussed. In conclusion, this Research Topic seeks to emphasize how the current research in neuroscience is challenged by never-resting microglia.

Android-entzako SmartWatch prototipo baten garapena

GAL honek Android-entzako SmartWatch baten prototipo txiki bat egitea du helburu. SmartWatch-aren egiturari dagokionez, ondorengo atalak aurreikusten dira: • Eskumuturreko erlojua. Telefonotik datozen jakinarazpenak bere pantailatxoan adieraziko ditu. • Telefono mugikorra. Android sistema eragilean oinarrituta, hari gabeko teknologia bitartez erlojuari datuak bidaliko dizkion aplikazio bat garatuko da.

Molde de inyección para producción en serie de una pieza de plástico

El objeto del proyecto es el diseño de un molde para la fabricación en serie de una pieza de plástico, concretamente, el componente exterior de la rejilla del radiador de un nuevo modelo de vehículo automóvil de próximo lanzamiento perteneciente al modelo de la compañía “Toyota”.

Automatización de la adquisición y procesamiento de datos en microscopía electrónica tridimensional

257 P.

Gobierno corporativo responsable en el sector público empresarial: un análisis para la Comunicada Autónoma de Euskadi

516 p.

Electron tunneling through double magnetic barriers on the surface of a topological insulator

We study electron tunneling through a planar magnetic and electric barrier on the surface of a three-dimensional topological insulator. For the double barrier structures, we find (i) a directional-dependent tunneling which is sensitive to the magnetic field configuration and the electric gate voltage, (ii) a spin rotation controlled by the magnetic field and the gate voltage, (iii) many Fabry-Perot resonances in the transmission determined by the distance between the two barriers, and (iv) the electrostatic potential can enhance the difference in the transmission between the two magnetization configurations, and consequently lead to a giant magnetoresistance. Points (i), (iii), and (iv) are alike with that in graphene stemming from the same linear-dispersion relations.

Magnetic barrier on strained graphene: A possible valley filter

We put forward a two-terminal valley filter based on a bulk graphene sheet under the modulations of both a local perpendicular magnetic field and a substrate strain. When only one of the two modulations is present, no valley polarization can be generated. A combination of the two modulations leads to a different (but not opposite) shifts of the K and K' valleys, which could be utilized to generate a valley-polarized current. The degree of the valley polarization can be tuned by the strain strength and the inclusion of a scalar potential. The valley polarization changes its polarity as the local magnetic field switches its direction.

Rashba electron's ballistic transport in two-dimensional quantum waveguide

The ballistic transport of Rashba electrons in a straight structure in two-dimensional electron gas is studied. It is found that there is no mixing between the wave functions of spin up and spin down states, and the transfer matrix is independent for the spin in every interface. The influence of the structure and Rashba coefficient on the electron transport is investigated. Our results indicate that the transmission probabilities are independent of the sign and magnitude of the Rashba coefficient and it depends on the shape of the structure, especially the stub width. The antiresonance is found, where the quasiconfined state is formed in the center part of the structure.

一种改进的膜片式FBG压力传感器的研究

报道了一种改进的膜片式光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）压力传感器，采用特殊的膜片结构和凸台固定光纤的方式，解决了存以往膜片式光纤压力传感器中存在的栅区应力不均匀问题。对存不同固定方式下栅区的应力状态进行了理论分析。实验结果表明，陔种传感器的灵敏度为M．81nm／MPa，在0．0～0．3MPa的量程内线性度在0．99以上，未出现光谱展宽现象。

GaAs(331)A面InAs自组织纳米结构形貌演化

采用分子束外延方法在CaAs(331)A高指数衬底上制备自对齐InAs纳米线(QWRs)或者三维(3D)岛状结构.InAs纳米线(QWRs)选择性生长在CaAs层的台阶边缘.通过原子力显微镜(AfM)仔细研究了InAs纳米微结构的表面形貌,发现不同的生长条件,包括:衬底温度、生长速率、和InAs层厚度等,对InAa表面形貌有很大的影响.如,低温更容易导致线状纳米微结构的形成,而高温更利于3D岛状结构形成.表面形貌的转变归结于表面能同应变能之间的竞争.

Ⅲ-Ⅴ族半导体全(多)光谱焦平面探测器新进展

近年来,经济社会和武器装备的信息化对半导体光电子学器件提出了更高的要求,无论是国防还是民用工程都需要有自己的关键器件.光电探测器组件作为关键器件之一,世界各国都给予了高度重视,也取得了很大的进展.文中主要介绍了Ⅲ-Ⅴ族半导体全(多)光谱焦平面探测器的研究进展情况,包括量子阱红外探测器(QWIP)、AlGaN紫外焦平面探测器、InGaAs近红外室温焦平面探测器和Sb化物焦平面探测器等.

一种减小GaN基肖特基结构紫外探测器暗电流的方法

提出了一种减小GaN肖特基结构紫外探测器暗电流的方法.该方法是在普通的GaN肖特基结构的表面增加一层薄的p-GaN.模拟计算结果表明,该层p-GaN能增加肖特基势垒高度,从而减小了器件的暗电流,提高了器件性能.进一步的计算还发现,对于P型载流子浓度较高的情况下,只需要很薄的一层p-GaN就能显著增加肖特基势垒高度,对于P型载流子浓度较低的情况下,则需要较厚的一层p-GaN才能有较好的肖特基势垒高度增加效果.

A Novel Three-Section Self-Pulsating DFB Laser with Hybrid Grating

A 1.55μm InGaAsP-InP three-section DFB laser with hybrid grating is fabricated and self-pulsations (SP) with frequencies around 20GHz are observed. The mechanism of SP generation in this device is researched. Furthermore, the important role of the phase tuning section on the SP is investigated.

Smaller Ge Quantum Dots Obtained by ArF Excimer Laser Annealing

Ge self-assembled quantum dots (SAQDs) are grown with a self-assembled UHV/CVD epitaxy system. Then,the as-grown Ge quantum dots are annealed by ArF excimer laser. In the ultra-shot laser pulse duration,～20ns, bulk diffusion is forbidden, and only surface diffusion occurs, resulting in a laser induced quantum dot (LIQD). The diameter of the LIQD is 20～25nm which is much smaller than the as-grown dot and the LIQD has a higher density of about 6 × 10~(10)cm~(-2). The surface morphology evolution is investigated by AFM.

波长解调用偏振无关光纤干涉仪的研究

针对光纤激光传感器信号解调过程中,干涉仪输出干涉条纹可见度受输入光偏振态变化以及两臂单模光纤双折射效应的影响,介绍了一种简单的光纤干涉仪消除偏振衰落技术,通过在Michelson光纤干涉仪上加两个法拉第旋转镜来提高输出条纹可见度。使用琼斯矩阵法对干涉仪系统进行理论计算,证明法拉第旋转镜旋转角度在理想的45°附近时能达到很好的消偏振效果,并通过实验进行了有效地论证。