United States v. Steinmetz: The Legal Legacy of the Civil War, Revisited

One of the enduring and yet unresolved issues concerning the Civil War is its legal nature: Was it an insurrection or an international war? During the war and since, the United States courts have repeatedly been called upon to determine the status of property which was under the control of the Confederacy and its agents during the Civil War. In the process of making such determinations, the courts have reopened questions about the war's legal status. United States v. Steinmetz is such a case.

La nature juridique du contrat de réassurance en droit civil québécois.

Le contrat de réassurance n’est pas un contrat nouveau; son existence peut être retracée jusqu’au 14e siècle. Cette opération est un élément essentiel de la pratique de l’assurance moderne. Le contrat de réassurance demeure toutefois un sujet obscur en droit civil québécois tout comme dans d’autres juridictions et la détermination de sa nature juridique demeure un sujet controversé. La qualification juridique de la nature du contrat de réassurance nécessite l’étude de ses fondements. Il est donc primordial dans le cadre de ce processus de revenir sur la notion de contrat de réassurance, son histoire, sa raison d’être, le régime normatif qui lui est applicable et les relations juridiques qui en découlent. Plusieurs thèses ont été avancées en ce qui a trait à la nature juridique du contrat de réassurance. De nos jours, on oppose essentiellement la thèse du contrat d’assurance à la thèse du contrat innommé. Le contrat de réassurance partage plusieurs éléments caractéristiques avec le contrat d’assurance. Il s’en distingue toutefois également sur plusieurs points qui nous paraissent déterminant dans le cadre du processus qualification de la nature juridique de ce contrat.

La nature juridique du contrat de réassurance en droit civil québécois

Le contrat de réassurance n’est pas un contrat nouveau; son existence peut être retracée jusqu’au 14e siècle. Cette opération est un élément essentiel de la pratique de l’assurance moderne. Le contrat de réassurance demeure toutefois un sujet obscur en droit civil québécois tout comme dans d’autres juridictions et la détermination de sa nature juridique demeure un sujet controversé. La qualification juridique de la nature du contrat de réassurance nécessite l’étude de ses fondements. Il est donc primordial dans le cadre de ce processus de revenir sur la notion de contrat de réassurance, son histoire, sa raison d’être, le régime normatif qui lui est applicable et les relations juridiques qui en découlent. Plusieurs thèses ont été avancées en ce qui a trait à la nature juridique du contrat de réassurance. De nos jours, on oppose essentiellement la thèse du contrat d’assurance à la thèse du contrat innommé. Le contrat de réassurance partage plusieurs éléments caractéristiques avec le contrat d’assurance. Il s’en distingue toutefois également sur plusieurs points qui nous paraissent déterminant dans le cadre du processus qualification de la nature juridique de ce contrat.

O modelo organiza????es sociais: li????es e oportunidades de melhoria

As Organiza????es Sociais (OS) s??o organiza????es sem fins lucrativos, ???qualificadas??? para absorver atividades executadas por organiza????es p??blicas, nos termos e condi????es estabelecidas em contratos de gest??o firmados entre organiza????es e o governo. Este artigo relata os principais resultados do semin??rio ???O modelo OS: li????es e oportunidades de melhorias???, realizado em outubro de 2001, do qual participaram gestores e t??cnicos da Secretaria de Gest??o (SEGES), de OS, de ??rg??os supervisores dessas organiza????es, de ??rg??os intervenientes, e especialistas em gest??o p??blica. Com rela????o ??s OS analisadas, pode-se perceber que: a) h?? controv??rsias e ambig??idades quanto ?? sua natureza jur??dica e quanto ao processo de avalia????o dessas organiza????es; b) a gest??o de recursos humanos ?? afetada pela exist??ncia de grupos submetidos a distintos regimes de trabalho, isto ??, Estatuto dos Funcion??rios P??blicos e Consolida????o das Leis do Trabalho; c) a gest??o de recursos financeiros ?? marcada pela irregularidade no fluxo dos referidos recursos; e d) o controle dos bens p??blicos ocorre de forma fr??gil e o processo de compra est?? sendo realizado sem problemas. Com base nessas considera????es, o documento prop??e algumas sugest??es de aperfei??oamento do modelo OS.

Contributo para a valorização e proteção dos produtos tradicionais açorianos

Dissertação de Mestrado em Tecnologia e Segurança Alimentar.

A política agrícola comum (PAC) e o comércio internacional - estudo econométrico do efeito da PAC sobre as exportações agrícolas portuguesas para a União Europeia (1975-2012)

Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Empreendedorismo e Internacionalização Orientadora: Professora Doutora Maria Clara Ribeiro Coorientadora: Mestre Maria Luísa Verdelho Alves

Kixikila - um contrato de financiamento informal

The purpose of the present work is to analyse and provide kixikila legal framework under Angolan law. Kixikila, despite being a legally atypical agreement, is a socially typical contract, governed essentially by the practices and customs in Angola and concluded throughout the country. With the above purpose in mind, this thesis is structured in five chapters: the first one aims at better understanding its features and, therefore, it describes the kixikila in accordance with oral research, direct observation and the contributions of scholars that have examined this matter. The second chapter aims at qualifying the kixikila as a legal transaction. For this purpose, we have analysed its requirements, formation stages, content and form, characteristics, rights and obligations of the parties, effects and compliance. We have also covered the reasons that explain why this type of agreement shall be legally protected in line with the protection conferred upon other legal agreements, taking into account its economic and social function. The third chapter covers the vicissitudes which may occur during the term of the kixikila agreement, as well as the enforcement mechanisms in face of breach and its termination. The fourth chapter aims at qualifying this agreement by comparing its most relevant characteristics with those of typical agreements, with a view to determining its legal nature based upon the similarity with other contractual types. This chapter further makes a comparative synthesis between the contracts in analysis. The fifth chapter analyses the legal nature and legal framework applicable to kixikila taking into account mixed-purpose contracts and sui generis contracts. We conclude that practices and customs in Angola take precedence as regards kixikila. Lastly, we attach additional information, such as excerpts of interviews with some individuals intervening in kixikila, the functional structure of kixikila and examples of kixikila, as well as demonstrative lists of countries where this type of agreement takes place and the obligations arising therefrom.

A escolha do direito aplicável ao mérito do litígio na arbitragem comercial internacional

Dissertação de mestrado em Direito dos Contratos e da Empresa

A (in)existência de apoio judiciário na arbitragem administrativa: o direito de acesso à tutela jurisdicional efetiva?

Dissertação de mestrado em Direito Administrativo

Os acordos parassociais: relação com o contrato social e outras questões

Dissertação de mestrado em Direito dos Contratos e da Empresa

Fatalidade ou missão:estudo exploratório sobre as estratégias utilizadas pelas Ajudantes de Lar, para fazer face às exigências da sua profissão

Dissertação de Mestrado em Políticas de Desenvolvimento de Recursos Humanos

Patenteamento em nanotecnologia no Brasil: desenvolvimento, potencialidades e reflexões para o meio ambiente e a saúde humana

Nanotechnology developments continue to be produced at exponential rates for a wide and diverse range of applications. In this paper was done a study of technological forecasting in nanotechnology applied to health, based on information drawn in Brazil from 1991 to 2010. The longitudinal evolutions of the number of patent applications, their topics, and their respective patent families have been evaluated for the total global activity. There were obtained 1352 patent applications in this period. It were analyzed the legal nature of the depositors, the year of deposit, depositors' home countries and processes. It has been a goal subsidizes the policy-makers to adapt and modernize the regulatory framework on nanotechnology and risks involving health as a strategic area in the politics of Science.

Cabinet Card of African Canadian by Photographer W. J. Rea, of Windsor [n.d.]

An unidentified African Canadian man is featured in this cabinet card by W. J. Rea, photographer, of Windsor, Ontario. The man appears to be in official dress, possibly of a religious or legal nature. This cabinet card bears the stamp of the photographer, W. J. Rea, in black ink along the bottom of the card and on the reverse. While it is undated, it is likely from the 1870s or 1880s. This cabinet card was in the possession of Iris Sloman Bell, of St. Catharines, Ontario. The Sloman - Bell family descendants include African American slaves from the United States who settled in Canada."Cabinet card photographs were first introduced in 1866. They were initially employed for landscapes rather than portraitures. Cabinet cards replaced Carte de visite photographs as the popular mode of photography. Cabinet cards became the standard for photographic portraits in 1870. Cabinet cards experienced their peak in popularity in the 1880's. Cabinet cards were still being produced in the United States until the early 1900's and continued to be produced in Europe even longer. The best way to describe a cabinet card is that it is a thin photograph that is mounted on a card that measures 4 1/4″ by 6 1/2″. Cabinet cards frequently have artistic logos and information on the bottom or the reverse of the card which advertised the photographer or the photography studio's services." Source: http://cabinetcardgallery.wordpress.com/category/cabinet-card-history/

Les enjeux du droit des sûretés grevant des valeurs mobilières indirectement détenues en Amérique du Nord

Le présent mémoire a pour but de présenter une analyse des règles de droit s'appliquant aux sûretés grevant des valeurs mobilières indirectement détenues, ou détenues auprès d'un intermédiaire, en Amérique du Nord. Afin de procéder à cette étude, il sera nécessaire d'expliquer brièvement le fonctionnement du système de détention indirecte des valeurs mobilières et de déterminer la nature juridique de la valeur mobilière indirectement détenue et des droits de l'investisseur à son égard. Une analyse critique sera faite des différents cadres juridiques nord-américains applicables aux sûretés grevant ce type de valeurs mobilières en examinant, d'abord, les règles du droit civil québécois. Seront ensuite étudiées les règles du droit des sûretés des provinces canadiennes de common law de même que les règles du droit américain. Un tel examen nous permettra d'identifier les lacunes de chacun de ces cadres juridiques et de constater le manque d'uniformité entre eux. Afin d'apporter des solutions juridique à ce manque d'uniformisation, le présent mémoire analysera finalement les objectifs recherchés et les règles proposées par la Conférence pour l'harmonisation des lois au Canada, UNIDROIT et la Communauté européenne en matière d'harmonisation des règles du droit des sûretés grevant des valeurs mobilières indirectement détenues.

La loi applicable au fond dans les litiges concernant les noms de domaine

"Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures En vue de l'obtention du grade de Maîtrise en droit (L.L.M.)"