Resposta de plantas daninhas ao óleo fúsel aplicado em pós-emergência inicial e tardia

This work aimed to study weed response to fusel oil rate applied at early and late post-emergence. The following species were studied at late and early post-emergence: Ipomoea hederifolia, Ipomoea quamoclit, Euphorbia heterophylla, Digitaria spp., Cenchrus echinatus and Panicum maximum.. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications. Fusel oil, an alcohol distillation byproduct, was applied at rates of 50, 125, 250, 375 and 500 L ha(-1), plus control without application. The plots were constituted by polyethylene containers with 3 L capacity, filled with topsoil land from a fallow area. Visual symptoms of intoxication were verified at 7 and 30 days after application (DAA) and dry weight at 30 DAA. The variables were submitted to variance analysis according to the design, adjusting the data to obtain the dose-response curve by polynomial regression. The studied species were susceptible only to the application of 500 L ha(-1) of fusel oil at early or late plant post-emergence. The species Digitaria spp. was susceptible and E. heterophylla tolerant to fusel oil applied at early post-emergence, while the other species were moderately tolerant. E. heterophylla was susceptible, Digitaria spp., C. echinatus and P. maximum moderately tolerant and I. hederifolia and I. quamoclit tolerant to fusel oil applied at late post-emergence.

Slow-fast systems on algebraic varieties bordering piecewise-smooth dynamical systems

This article extends results contained in Buzzi et al. (2006) [4], Llibre et al. (2007, 2008) [12,13] concerning the dynamics of non-smooth systems. In those papers a piecewise C-k discontinuous vector field Z on R-n is considered when the discontinuities are concentrated on a codimension one submanifold. In this paper our aim is to study the dynamics of a discontinuous system when its discontinuity set belongs to a general class of algebraic sets. In order to do this we first consider F :U -> R a polynomial function defined on the open subset U subset of R-n. The set F-1 (0) divides U into subdomains U-1, U-2,...,U-k, with border F-1(0). These subdomains provide a Whitney stratification on U. We consider Z(i) :U-i -> R-n smooth vector fields and we get Z = (Z(1),...., Z(k)) a discontinuous vector field with discontinuities in F-1(0). Our approach combines several techniques such as epsilon-regularization process, blowing-up method and singular perturbation theory. Recall that an approximation of a discontinuous vector field Z by a one parameter family of continuous vector fields is called an epsilon-regularization of Z (see Sotomayor and Teixeira, 1996 [18]; Llibre and Teixeira, 1997 [15]). Systems as discussed in this paper turn out to be relevant for problems in control theory (Minorsky, 1969 [16]), in systems with hysteresis (Seidman, 2006 [17]) and in mechanical systems with impacts (di Bernardo et al., 2008 [5]). (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Bifurcation of limit cycles from a centre in R-4 in resonance 1:N

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Performance of Layers Submitted to Different Forced Molting Methods and Different Temperatures

This study was carried out to evaluate the performance and egg quality of laying hens, in their second laying cycle submitted to different forced-molting methods and three environmental temperatures. Six hundred layers were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with 15 treatments with five replicates of eight birds each, according to 5x3 factorial arrangement (molting methods vs. temperatures). The following forced-molting methods were applied: 90%, 70%, 50% dietary alfalfa inclusion, addition of 2,800 ppm zinc, and feed fasting. Temperatures were: 20 degrees C, 27 degrees C and 35 degrees C. At the end of each period of the second laying cycle, bird performance and egg quality were evaluated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and means were compared by orthogonal and polynomial contrasts. The highest alfalfa inclusion level (90% alfalfa and 10% basal diet) proved to be efficient as compared to the other methods, independently of temperature.

On the Milnor fibre and L numbers of semi-weighted homogeneous arrangements

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

On a moment problem associated with Chebyshev polynomials

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos do tipo de ração inicial sobre a morfologia intestinal e digestibiliade dos nutrientes em leitões

Thirty piglets, weaned at an average age of 28 days, were used in experiment one. After weaning, 24 animals were transferred to the nursery in groups of two to each pen and fed simple or semi-complex diets ad libitum. On weaning day (day 0), six pigs were slaughtered. On days 7 and 21 post-weaning, one animal from each nursery pen was slaughtered to study mucosal thickness (MTD and MTJ) and villi heights (VHD and VHJ) in the duodenum and jejunum. The average values observed for MTD, VHD, MTJ, and VHJ were not influenced by type of diet. MTD, MTJ, and VHJ increased from days 7 to 21 post-weaning. Polynomial regression spanning days 0, 7, and 21 showed a linear effect for MTJ and a quadratic effect for VHD and VHJ. In experiment two, 16 piglets weaned at an average age of 28 days were used in two metabolic trials carried out during two periods of the initial phase (days 5 to 14 and days 19 to 28 postweaning), to determine the nutritional value of simple and semi-complex diets. There were no differences among treatments in apparent digestibility of crude protein and dry matter and the values for digestible or metabolizable energy of the diets. It was concluded that composition of the starter diet did not influence the intestinal morphology of piglets, the digestibilities of dry matter and crude protein, or the digestible and metabolizable energy contents of the diets.

Algorithms for network piecewise-linear programs: A comparative study

Piecewise-Linear Programming (PLP) is an important area of Mathematical Programming and concerns the minimisation of a convex separable piecewise-linear objective function, subject to linear constraints. In this paper a subarea of PLP called Network Piecewise-Linear Programming (NPLP) is explored. The paper presents four specialised algorithms for NPLP: (Strongly Feasible) Primal Simplex, Dual Method, Out-of-Kilter and (Strongly Polynomial) Cost-Scaling and their relative efficiency is studied. A statistically designed experiment is used to perform a computational comparison of the algorithms. The response variable observed in the experiment is the CPU time to solve randomly generated network piecewise-linear problems classified according to problem class (Transportation, Transshipment and Circulation), problem size, extent of capacitation, and number of breakpoints per arc. Results and conclusions on performance of the algorithms are reported.

Torta de dendê em dieta para a tilápia-do-nilo: Desempenho produtivo

To evaluate the nutritional value of African palm kernel meal (Elaeis guineensis) on the performance of Nile tilapia (Oseochromis niloticus), five isonitrogenous (30% crude protein), isoenergetic (2,800 Kcal/kg of digestible energy), and isofibrous (10% crude fiber) diets, with increasing levels of African palm kernel meal (0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35%) were fed ad libitum for 18 weeks to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings, averaging 1.52 ± 0.04 g of body weight, housed for 120 days in 60 liter aquaria with six fingerlings. To determine the production traits, weight gain, apparent food conversion, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, weight gain percentage, net protein utilization, and body composition, fish were weighted at six-week intervals. Statistical analysis of recorded data were performed through multivariate profile analysis and polynomial regression models. Results showed that feeding fingerling Nile tilapia with ratios containing up to 35% of African palm kernel meal does not affect production performance.

Activation function study for wavelet network

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate theoretically and experimentally the use of family of Polynomial Powers of the Sigmoid (PPS) Function Networks applied in speech signal representation and function approximation. This paper carries out practical investigations in terms of approximation fitness (LSE), time consuming (CPU Time), computational complexity (FLOP) and representation power (Number of Activation Function) for different PPS activation functions. We expected that different activation functions can provide performance variations and further investigations will guide us towards a class of mappings associating the best activation function to solve a class of problems under certain criteria.

Quantal information entropies for atoms

The polynomials occurring in the wave functions of hydrogenic excited states are found to present difficulties for a straightforward analytical approach to the study of associated information entropies. A method is suggested to deal with them. It is then applied to calculate the information entropy for the Jacobi polynomial. A model calculation is presented to examine the effect of screening on the entropy sum. It is seen that the sum does not depend on the choice of screening.

On the picture dependence of Ramond-Ramond cohomology

Closed string physical states are BRST cohomology classes computed on the space of states annihilated by b- 0. Since b- 0 does not commute with the operations of picture changing, BRST cohomologies at different pictures need not agree. We show explicitly that Ramond-Ramond (RR) zero-momentum physical states are inequivalent at different pictures, and prove that non-zero-momentum physical states are equivalent in all pictures. We find that D-brane states represent BRST classes that are non-polynomial on the superghost zero-modes, while RR gauge fields appear as polynomial BRST classes. We also prove that in x-cohomology, the cohomology where the zero-mode of the spatial coordinates is included, there is a unique ghost-number one BRST class responsible for the Green-Schwarz anomaly, and a unique ghost number minus one BRST class associated with RR charge. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.

A refinement of the gauss-lucas theorem

The classical Gauss-Lucas Theorem states that all the critical points (zeros of the derivative) of a nonconstant polynomial p lie in the convex hull H of the zeros of p. It is proved that, actually, a subdomain of H contains the critical points of p. ©1998 American Mathematical Society.

Higher order turän inequalities

The celebrated Turân inequalities P 2 n(x)-P n-x(x)P n+1(x) ≥ 0, x ε[-1,1], n ≥ 1, where P n(x) denotes the Legendre polynomial of degree n, are extended to inequalities for sums of products of four classical orthogonal polynomials. The proof is based on an extension of the inequalities γ 2 n - γ n-1γ n+1 ≥ 0, n ≥ 1, which hold for the Maclaurin coefficients of the real entire function ψ in the Laguerre-Pölya class, ψ(x) = ∑ ∞ n=0 γ nx n / n!. ©1998 American Mathematical Society.

Efeitos Ambientais sobre Ganho de Peso no Período do Nascimento ao Desmame em Bovinos da Raça Nelore

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)