Análise do estado da arte dos aspectos diagnóticos, periciais e jurisprudenciais das LER/DORT no contexto previdenciário das doenças do trabalho no Brasil

Objetivo: analisar o estado da arte dos aspectos diagnósticos, periciais e jurisprudenciais das LER/DORT (Lesões por Esforços Repetitivos / Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho) no Brasil. Materiais e Método: trata-se de pesquisa descritiva, de natureza qualitativa, com formato documental, utilizando-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo. A avaliação evolutiva da legislação previdenciária relacionada as LER/DORT foi realizada através da pesquisa no banco de dados disponibilizado pelo Governo Federal e mediante a consulta ao DATAPREV/Sislex. A avaliação dos aspectos diagnósticos foi instrumentalizada através, principalmente, de artigos científicos publicados entre 2003 e 2008, nas línguas portuguesa, inglesa, espanhola e francesa, relacionados com os métodos de diagnósticos complementares das LER-DORT (ressonância magnética, tomografia computadorizada, ultrassonografia e eletroneuromiografia). As jurisprudências foram obtidas através da busca dos julgados sobre o tema, entre 2003 e 2008, pertencentes ao Supremo Tribunal Federal, Superior Tribunal de Justiça, Tribunais Regionais Federais, Tribunal Superior do Trabalho e Tribunais Regionais do Trabalho. Resultados: foram identificados 48 artigos abordando os aspectos diagnósticos das LER-DORT, observando-se que os exames por ressonância magnética, ultrassonografia e eletromiografia demonstraram ser mais efetivos, dentro das suas especificidades, para a complementação do exame clínico de patologias relacionadas às LER-DORT. A análise das 123 jurisprudências selecionadas demonstrou, de forma geral, que as LER-DORT equiparam-se ao acidente de trabalho, devendo apresentar nexo de causalidade (atestado através de laudo médico-pericial) e, ainda, ensejam a ação por danos morais, a qual, devido à EC nº 45 passou a ser competência da Justiça do Trabalho. O Estado da arte dos aspectos periciais encontra-se representado pela vigência da Instrução Normativa n. 98/2003, a qual traz como aspecto fundamental a determinação de novos parâmetros a serem considerados na definição de um quadro de LER-DORT, dispondo, ainda, sobre a conduta ética que deve ser adotada pelo médico perito, bem como chama a atenção para a necessidade dessas doenças do trabalho serem comunicadas às autoridadades competentes, através da emissão da Comunicação de Acidente de Trabalho (CAT). Conclusão: as LER-DORT representam, hoje, um problema de importante impacto, não apenas previdenciário, mas também econômico em diversos países, nos quais o Brasil encontra-se inserido. Estudos sobre o estado da arte relacionados às LER-DORT são fundamentais para auxiliar na construção de um modelo crítico e consciente que colabore com a garantia de sustentabilidade do sistema previdenciário no Brasil

Sanções disciplinares aplicáveis em caso de doping a atletas profissionais e não profissionais

A presente pesquisa descritiva do tipo documental centrou-se em analisar as sanções disciplinares aplicadas em caso de doping, a atletas profissionais e não profissionais que atuam no Brasil. A amostragem foi levantada através de um processo de seleção não probabilística intencional, utilizando-se como sujeitos, 18 atletas de uma modalidade esportiva dita não profissional: atletismo e 19 de uma modalidade profissional: futebol, de ambos os sexos, os quais tenham sido flagrados pelo exame de controle de dopagem da Confederação Brasileira de Atletismo (CBAt) e da Confederação Brasileira de Futebol (CBF). Como instrumentos de análise, foram utilizados os diagnósticos de dopagem positiva, arquivados junto a CBAt e CBF; além dos processos julgados pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça Desportiva (STJD) do atletismo entre os anos de 2003/2007 e os processos julgados pelo STJD do futebol no ano de 2007. Os resultados demonstram que as sanções aplicadas aos desportistas diferem muito entre as modalidades incluídas no estudo. Enquanto encontramos, no atletismo a aplicação de sanções em conformidade com o Código Mundial Anti Doping (CMAD) com penalidades de no mínimo de dois anos, no futebol encontrou-se grande número de absolvições ou aplicação de penalidades conforme o Código Brasileiro de Justiça Desportiva (CBJD) que prevê penalidades muito inferiores. Por outro lado verificou-se ser a modalidade Futebol a que mais realiza controles, sendo certo que durante o ano de 2007 o desporto profissional realizou 4832 testes, ao passo que o desporto dito não profissional realizou tão somente 281. O caráter multidisciplinar do trabalho 12 pôde ser caracterizado pelo emprego de técnicas que envolveram direito, educação física, farmacologia

Os antagonismos da integração sul-americana na ordem jurídica brasileira

The economic regional integration is a phenomenon observed in numerous occasions inside the global economic reality. Watchful to that phenomenon, the 1988 s Brazilian constitutional order establish in its 4th article, single paragraph, the commitment to seek for the Latin- American integration, as a Fundamental Principle to the Brazilian Federative Republic. Regarding the mentioned constitutional disposition s realization, the Brazilian State celebrated, specially, the 1980 s Montevideo Treaty, creating the Latin-American Integration Association, and the 1991 s Asuncion Treaty, performing the duty to establish a common market, in sub regional level, with Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay, called Mercado Comum do Sul. However, due to an addiction to a wrong comprehension of State s Sovereignty Principle, the Constitution imposes to the international rules an incorporation process, without providing any privilege to those ones regarding the integration constitutional disposition s realization, whether original or derived. The Brazilian s Supreme Court, as matter of fact, affirmed that it is not possible, facing the actual constitutional order, to grant any character of preference. Also in the controversies solution mechanism, responsible for the law s execution in case of its noncompliance, where found malfunctions, most notably the system s open character and its excessive procedural flexibility, in addiction to restricting the access of individuals. It follows from these findings, then, the lack of legal certainty provided by the Mercosul s legal system, considering its effects both international and within the Brazilian state. Among the possible solutions to reduce or eliminate the problem are using the practice of the so-called executive agreements in the Mercosul s original rules incorporation to the Brazilian state, the creation of a Mercosul s court of law and/or a constitutional reform

Devido processo penal: uma análise acerca dos direitos fundamentais sob a perspectiva do processo eletrônico

The current study presents an analysis about the automation of the lawsuits in Brazil, which opens a new direction to be followed by the National Secretary of Justice, applied indistinctively to the civil, criminal and labor lawsuits, as well as to the special court houses at any degree of juridisdiction. It treats, specifically, about the transition from the classic lawsuit with bureaucratic aspects to the electronic one, based on the simplicity of the functions, the quality of the oral and the readiness. The light of the constitutional principle of the reasonable duration of the lawsuit, while fundamental rigth of the defendant and, under de protection of the democratic guarantee, it investigates, from the theory of the fundamental rights to the reform movement of the lawsiut, in the scenery of the alien law and national law, the latter, mostly because it has the automation as a necessary improvement claimed by modernity, yet without forgetting of the humane character inherent to the criminal lawsuit. It faces the issue of of the disruption of the paradigm of the written formality of the Brazilian lawsuit, the problem of the resistance to the new automized method, the use of the video conference for the inquest of the witnesses as well as for the questioning of the defendant, the advancements of the virtual lawsuit on the Superior Courts, Federal Supreme Court and Superior Court of Justice, it treats also about the role of the National Council of Justice - CNJ - to uniformize the legal proceedings in the country. Without neglecting the effective respect to the fundamental rights, it focuses the cultural change necessary so that the electronic technology can be, in fact, in the indictment system, the means to reach with excellency the citizenship by the simplification of the legal proceedings, transposing the baseless bureaucracy and assuring an effective judicial service assistance in order to have a better quality of life

A intervenção do poder judiciário no acesso a medicamentos no Rio Grande do Norte: uma análise sob a ótica das políticas nacionais de medicamento e de assistência farmacêutica

The present study aimed to evaluate the inclusion of the principles of the National Medicines Policy - PNM and the Pharmaceutical assistance - PNAF in the prosecution of lawsuits involving medicines. To fulfill this necessity , data collection was performed on the website by the Tribunal Rio Grande do Norte - TJ RN ( Rio Grande do Norte Court) , in 2012 . It was obtained 115 judgments, which were analyzed in order to generate Monitoring Indicators from lawsuits and conduct content analysis proposed by Bardin (2006). The results showed that : a) 100 % of the decisions were favorable to the author , b) 76 % of decisions were requests by the trade name of the drug , c) only one drug (eculizumabe) had not granted by ANVISA , d) 36 % of drugs were present in the list of standard medicines in SUS , 16 % of primary care block and 20 % of specialized component , e) 76 % of the decisions presented the request of at least 01 non-standard medicine. With regard to decentralization of PNM and PNAF we observed a commitment to this principle at judicial decisions, to see that municipalities and states are often forced to buy medicines of responsibility from another federal entity or other tertiary units as CACONs and UNACONS. The content analysis revealed that the argument from the judges used when you utter their decisions was that the right to health is recognized by Brazilian law as a fundamental right and should be guaranteed by the State for all its citizens. So, health is more than budgetary constraints of federal entities, which are severally liable for lawsuits , regardless the medication requested belongs or not to a particular block of a pharmaceutical assistance funding. Given these data, it is observed that there are gaps in the judgment when it comes to the insertion of the words and principles of PNM and PNAF, creating then the need for greater dialogue between the executive and judicial, so that they may consider relevant the effectiveness and application of such principles to minimize the negative consequences of the phenomenon of health judicialisation. Keywords: Judicialisation, Medicines, Public Policy, Pharmaceutical Care

A interpretação constitucional dos princípios da afetividade e solidariedade familiar pelos tribunais superiores brasileiros

The Brazilian juridical ordain has suffered several transformations on Family Law as of the 1988 Federal Constitution, which incorporated the changes in socio-cultural values and behaviors that appeared in the post-modern Brazilian society, with the repersonalization of the family, beginning with the principles of human dignity, affectivity and familiar solidarity; occurring an enlargement of the concept of family, increasing the relevance of socioaffectivity and eudaimonia. The general purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the constitutional interpretations of paradigmatic cases of the Brazilian Superior Courts checking the conditions and behaviors required to achieve the principles of affectivity and familiar solidarity. To do so, uses an exploratory and descriptive research trough books, scientific papers, jurisprudence, monographs and consult to specialized magazines to identify the reasons and specific purposes of the principles of affectivity and family solidarity within the constitutional norms, systematizing the primary meaning of these principles, then to observe the trial of patriotic courts, the criteria and standards of behavior used in their application. The analysis of recent decisions of the Supreme Federal Court and the Superior Court of Justice on the topic of the familiar relations, utilizing the new interpretative approach to the law that considers man as an ontological being of language, demonstrate that the affectivity and familiar solidarity are constitutional principles concretized in decisions, that don’t affect the principle of protection of the juridical security, that is, don’t cause uncertainty despite the incipient specification of criteria to its use

A representação discursiva da vítima e do réu no gênero sentença judicial

This dissertation aims to identify and describe the phenomenon of discursive representation of victim and defendant in court judgment genre. Researchis part of general theoretical framework of text linguistics and more specifically in textual discourse analysis (ATD) theory developed by Jean-Michel Adam ([2008] 2011). Discursive representation notion proposed by ATD is one of the most important aspects of semantic dimension of the text, being complemented in the work of Grize (1990, 1996) from schematization notion. In this perspective, this work is guided by studies of text linguistics with Koch (2012, 2005, 2004), Marcuschi (2012, 2008, 2005), Rodrigues, Passeggi and Silva Neto (2010, 2012, 2014), with genre Bazerman (2005), Bakhtin (1992) and the juridical discourse with Capez (2012), Pimenta (2007), Lourenço (2013) and Gomes (2013) . Methodologically, is a documentary research, presenting qualitative and descriptive characters and is guided by the inductivedeductive method. Corpus consists of a judicial sentence, criminal, collected electronically from Court of Justice of São Paulo - Judiciary website in consultation Judged1st Degree, with the theme of violence against women. Analysis procedures use semantic categories of discursive representation, such as referencing, predication, modification and the spatial and temporal location. Results are focused on the construction of discursive representation of (victim and defendant) from PdV distinct enunciators, which may approach or distance themselves according to argumentative text orientation. Thus, considering social importance of forensic text and, in particular, court judgment in the lives of citizens, it was possible to realize the importance of developing research that addresses the study of text semantic dimension, especially in construction of representations of discourse objects

Plano de desenvolvimento sustentável e articulação de políticas públicas: o controle de políticas ambientais pelo poder judiciário

The right to the preservation of a healthy environment is perceived as a Fundamental Right, inserted in the National Constitution and referring to present and future generations. The preservation of the environment is directly connected to the right to Health and Human Dignity and, therefore, must be treated as a personal right, unavailable, claiming for a positive response from the Brazilian State, through the development of related public policies, control of potentially harmful economic activities, with special focus on the principles of precaution and solidarity. The Brazilian judiciary must thus be attentive to the guardianship of the Fundamental Right. The judiciary control over the execution of public policies is based on obeying the principle of the separation, independence and harmony between the Powers, however it should never deviate from the constitutional obligation of caring for the effectivation of the rights and guarantees within the Magna Carta. In the balance between the principle of human dignity, from which springs the right to a healthy environment and the principle of separation of powers, the former should prevail, maintaining the latter to a core minimum.

Procedimentos legais e protocolos sobre a sistemática de aquisição de cadáveres na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte para o ensino de anatomia humana

A disponibilidade de cadáveres para estudo e pesquisa vinha sendo feita tradicionalmenteutilizando-se corpos não reclamados sem grandes formalidades. Com a complexidadejurídica, social, ética e moral dos tempos atuais, o simples encaminhamento dessescorpos ao Departamento de Morfologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte,passou a ser temido com o receio de transgredir a legislação penal. Isso desencadeouuma redução no número de cadáveres para as aulas práticas de Anatomia. Essarealidade levou o Departamento de Morfologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande doNorte a pesquisar mecanismos legais que solucionassem a escassez de cadáveres parao estudo e pesquisa. A metodologia utilizada constou de reuniões de discussão eapresentação de protocolos de aquisição de cadáveres com base na legislação vigente.Os resultados obtidos foram: (1) Publicação do provimento 093/2012 da CorregedoriaGeral da Justiça do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, que dispõesobre o registro de óbito dos cadáveres destinados às escolas de Medicina para fins deensino e pesquisa; (2) Elaboração de protocolos para aquisição de cadáveres nãoreclamados junto às instituições; (3) Programa de doadores voluntários na UniversidadeFederal do Rio Grande do Norte.Por fim, concluímos que o conhecimento das atribuiçõespor parte das instituições públicas e privada, bem como o programa de doação voluntáriaaumentaram a oferta de cadáveres para o ensino da Anatomia Humana na UniversidadeFederal do Rio Grande do Norte.

A medida cautelar na ação direta de inconstitucionalidade: uma abordagem pela perspectiva do princípio do acesso à justiça

The present study deals with the caution measure in the direct action of inconstitutionality. The treatment given to the approach is through the principle of access to justice. For this, a construction of the juridical content in the principle of access to justice is proposed, without losing the focus of its characteristic as a metajuridical principle, which is presented in the constitutional field as a fundamental right, generator of a new universality, destined to guarantee the prevalence of an adequate juridical tutelage. Some challenges of the concretizing hermeutics are still shown to give way to principle of access to justice, dealing with certain limitations and proposals. The direct action of inconstitutionality in face of the dissertation, begins to focus on the presentation of the tutelage of urgency, differentiating it from the other brief tutelage and elevating it to the condition of instrument which is indispensable to the principle of access to justice. In the most specific field of the abstract control of constitutionality, the characteristics of the objective process are defined, their sources, amongst which the regimental norms of the Federal Supreme Court and their role in the new constitutional reality. Finally, the caution measure in the direct action of inconstitutionality is presented by the perspective of principle of access to justice, identifying some points: the interpretations of the principle of the natural judge to adapt him to the aspect of continuous and temporarily adequate juridical account, especially when concerned to emergency; the analysis of facts in the direct action; the bonding objective effects and the erga omnes; the effect over the factual and normative plan; the effect of the caution measure over other processes and over the prescriptional course; the polemic of the possibility of caution measure in direct action of inconstitutionality through omission

A missão política do Supremo Tribunal Federal: análise de sua importância como corte constitucional para o controle do poder no Brasil

The following study proposes an analysis of the politic process which the brazilian constitutional justice faces, emphasizing the Supremo Tribunal Federal . For that purpose, we start by examining the intimate relationship between Politics and Law, in view of the most recent social systems theories, so that the political system is distinguished by the exclusiveness of using the physical force, intending to make coletive tying decisions, and the juridical system as a congruent generalization of the expectations towards the rules and principles, brought together under an interdependence by which both gather legitimacy and effectiveness. In this manner we can notice the political effects of the constitutional interpretation conducted by Judges as well as by other juridical professionals, because these ones decrease the overload of expectations which are pointed to the Judicature. Constitutional interpretation is democratized since the participative democracy arises and stablishes a permanent state of awareness around the exercise of power and favours the preservation of the pluralism (counter-majoritary principle) where we can find the origin of the democratic nature of constitutional courts, once, in most cases, their members are not elected by the people. After that, we analyse the historical posture of the Supremo Tribunal Federal as a constitutional court in Brazil, so we can realize the attempts to make it vulnerable to the appeals of governability and economical aims, agains which this court somehow has resisted, stressing its particularities. At the end, it s concluded that even the so-called acts of government, whose judiciary control is mostly repelled, are subjected to a constitutional analysis, last frontier to be explored by the Supremo Tribunal Federal in its role of exposing our republican Constitution

Os limites do poder regulamentar do Conselho Nacional de Justiça no contexto do Estado constitucional brasileiro

The creation of the National Council of Justice (CNJ) through the Constitutional Amendment nº 45/2004, derived from countless gaps in Brazilian law, mainly relating to procedural delays, ineffectiveness of judicial decisions, and the lack of mechanisms that enable, effectively, disciplinary accountability of judges. The council is constitutionally designed as a member of the Judiciary, which has administrative nature and laid assignments in art. 103-B, § 4 of the current Constitution, among which is to edit regulations to instrument its performance. However, since it came into force, the amendment raised extensive discussions, linked in particular to the constitutionality of the CNJ, which was made through the direct action of unconstitutionality nº 3367, against the alleged violation of the principles of separation of powers and federative form, as well as the limits of its regulatory powers, as has fanned out in ADI nº 3823/ DF, this one dealing on Resolution nº 07, which regulates the seal of nepotism practice in the judiciary. However, despite the Supreme Court has already pronounced on the matter, recognizing the constitutionality of the council, as well as the resolution already said, the debate is in a state of latency, and may erupt again with each new manifestation of regulatory CNJ, given the lack of agreement between doctrine and jurisprudence around the constitutional treatment of its regulatory powers. In this context undeniably reflection on the definition of the regulatory power of the CNJ, presents itself as extremely relevant, and current, in particular in the ambience of the Constitutional Rule of Law, where he strives for legal certainty and consolidation of regulatory institutions. So that it could reach a satisfactory result, skilled at resolving the problems raised, the present study analyzed the reasons that gave rise to the creation of the CNJ, demonstrating their indispensability, but also sought to characterize the status of their administrative and constitutional body, noting finally, the compatibility of its regulatory activities to constitutional principles. From this perspective, we adopted the deductive method and carried out research and bibliographic nature documentary.

Justiça juvenil: teoria e prática no sistema socioeducativo

Em um momento histórico de violações e ameaças aos direitos fundamentais de crianças e adolescentes, é preciso somar esforços na luta pela transformação das políticas voltadas para esses sujeitos. A ideologia que fundamenta a criminalização de adolescentes pobres e da periferia é a mesma que impõe a redução da idade penal e que autoriza e legitima as violências institucionais cometidas no sistema socioeducativo. “Justiça juvenil: teoria e prática no sistema socioeducativo” vem apresentar fundamentos teóricos e experiências práticas com vistas à desconstrução desses processos ideológicos e à defesa intransigente da proteção integral

Juizados especiais federais e o acesso à justiça federal no Rio Grande do Norte

This work aims to study the performance of Juizados Especiais Fedrais (JEF) in Rio Grande do Norte and its contribution to the facilitation of access to justice by ordinary citizens. Created in 2001, the JEF looks simplify and reduce the procedural steps and reduce the number of appeals referred to the courts so that justice is possible to provide a more agile. In this sense, are designed to contribute to the democratization of access to justice. In Rio Grande do Norte, the JEF was established and began operating in January 2002, serving in causes civil pension. From 2005, the Court began to receive all types of civil cases and have a virtual system of processing of cases. Among the methodological procedures used in conducting research, highlight the documentary survey in the virtual site of the Federal Justice of RN, to obtain data on the shares tried and sentenced in the years 2005, 2006 and 2007, using the quantitative research. Were also conducted interviews with federal judges, using the qualitative research method. Among the results, we conclude that the Juizado Especial Federal in Rio Grande do Norte is complying with its objective of making justice more accessible and responsive to ordinary citizens, especially the short time that an action leads to the entry in the Court to be given the sentence

Desejo, preconceito e morte: assassinatos de LGBT em Segipe 1980 a 2010

This study examines the phenomenon of the murders of LGBT in Sergipe, between 1980 and 2010. Data were collected from newspapers, police, and judicial proceedings in the Courts with family members and friends of victims. The data show that despite the existence of death for involvement with drugs (crack), crimes of passion, among others, homophobia is one of its most characteristic elements. The victim profile also differs greatly from the aggressor, while the first is made up of individuals aged 25 to 44 years, the offender is between 15 and 29 years. Added to this the sensationalism of the press, the limits of police and justice in dealing with such events. The results seem to be forgetting some of the cases that do not reach the jury. It is an extensive study that combines statistical and qualitative data with a view to offering a closer look at the issue. The result is a mapping of brutal crimes, which, in part, has homophobia as the primary cause for its implementation