Los emigrantes en las ��reas mineras y las ciudades de Hispania: religi��n, identidades y difusi��n cultural

En el presente art��culo analizamos los desplazamientos de cultos ind��genas hispanos desde distintas ��reas de la Pen��nsula Ib��rica hacia los principales lugares de inmigraci��n en Hispania: las ��reas mineras y las ciudades. Proponemos que estos grupos de emigrantes rend��an culto en su nueva residencia a las deidades que veneraban en sus regiones de procedencia como un medio de preservar su cohesi��n social y su identidad cultural. La dureza de la vida laboral en las ��reas mineras reforzaba la necesidad de fortalecer los lazos culturales.

From labelling to social aid for immigrants in the 21st Century

Migration is as old as humanity, but since the 1990s migration flows in Western Europe have led to societies that are not just multicultural but so-called ��super-diverse��. As a result, Western towns now have very complex social structures, with amongst others large amounts of small immigrant communities that are in constant change. In this paper we argue that for social workers to be able to offer adequate professional help to non-native residents in town, they will need balanced view of ���culture��� and of the role culture plays in social aid. Culture is never static, but is continually changing. By teaching social workers about how to look at cultural backgrounds of immigrant groups and about the limitations of then role that culture plays in communication, they will be better equipped to provide adequate aid and will contribute to making various groups grow towards each other and to avoid people thinking in terms of ���out-group-homogeneity���. Nowadays, inclusion is a priority in social work that almost every social worker supports. Social workers should have an open attitude to allow them to approach every individual as a unique person. They will see the other person as the person they are, and not as a part of a specific cultural group. Knowledge about the others makes them see the cultural heterogeneity in every group. The social sector, though, must be aware not to fall into the trap of the ���inclusion mania���! This will cause the social deprivation of a particular group to be forgotten. An inclusive policy requires an inclusive society. Otherwise, this could result in even more deprivation of other groups, already discriminated against. Emancipation of deprived people demands a certain target-group policymaking. Categorized aid will raise efficiency of working with immigrants and of acknowledging the cultural identity of the non-natives group. It will also create the possibility to work on fighting social deprivation, in which most immigrants can be found.

Examples of ���land stewarship��� in Brazil. The ���Projecto Sempre Viva��� (Mucug��-Bahia)

In recent years the concept of "Land Stewardship" has gained a great importance. In short, it means that local entities and individuals can protect enclave of high ecological and cultural value. This vision has been effective in some places in the world with success. For example, the ���Projeto Sempre Viva���, created in the town of Mucug��, a place located in one of Brazil��s most renowned Natural Protected Areas: the Chapada Diamantina (State of Bahia). We had looked over the available information about this project on the Internet, as well as a personal visit that was made to the site to know it and to have the possibility to talk to their managers. On this basis, it has been reached to the conclusion that this project, born to protect a Sempre Viva��s endemic species in danger of extinction, has turned into an important site for tourism and environmental education, completed with the preservation of the cultural identity of this region which is linked to diamond mining.

De Irlanda a Iberia: notas para a traduci��n de Eil��an N�� Chuillean��in do ingl��s ao galego

La cuesti��n del g��nero fue trabajada dentro de los estudios de traducci��n de diversas formas, incluyendo la asignaci��n de g��nero en la lengua meta, la traducci��n de lenguaje marcado de g��nero y la traducci��n feminista. En este trabajo se estudia el uso o ausencia de marcas de g��nero y de la praeterio a la hora de afrontar una traducci��n al gallego de la autora irlandesa Eil��an N�� Chuillan��in, feminista y nacionalista. Ambas situaciones se reflejan conscientemente en sus poemas de manera significativa. A trav��s de ejemplos pr��cticos seleccionados, se reflexiona sobre la necesidad de tener en cuenta que la traslaci��n de sus textos a una lengua que obligatoriamente establece elecciones ling����sticas entre el femenino y el masculino, debe hacerse respetando el sentido de la autora. Esto supone, para quien traduzca, compartir la perspectiva feminista y nacional de la autora familiariz��ndose con el marco y condicionantes de su obra po��tica.

"Unha esp��a no Reino de Galicia" de Manuel Rivas: O humor e a construci��n da identidade nacional galega

Este estudo analiza como Manuel Rivas aproveita a ambig��idade do concepto de estereotipo para crear una identidade cultural galega. En Unha esp��a no Reino de Galicia (2004), Rivas prop��n que a imaxe par��dica do galego e o conxunto de trazos estereotipados que se lle asignan non son un elemento alleo a cultura galega, sen��n que �� un trazo integral da dial��ctica da s��a identidade nacional. Desta maneira, �� feito diferencial galego, ademais da lingua, a unidade territorial, o celtismo, ou a emigraci��n, haber��a que engadir a capacidade do galego de parodiar o seu propio discurso nacional.

La invocaci��n de los antepasados en "De divinatione" y "De natura deorum" de Cicer��n. "Religio e identidad" romana a fines de la rep��blica

La invocaci��n del ideal del mos maiorum, entendido como conjunto de virtudes o rasgos ejemplares de los romanos, ha sido estudiada repetidamente en los textos de Cicer��n. Analiza el t��pico en relaci��n con la discusi��n en torno a la identidad romana en textos del siglo I a.C. y delimita tres empleos diferentes: uno al que define como t��picamente aristocr��tico, referido a la ascendencia noble de un individuo en particular; un segundo uso que, en vez de individualizar, amalgama a todos los ancestros en un mismo conjunto y establece una continuidad entre pasado y presente; finalmente, una tercera modalidad que propone una ruptura total entre el mundo de los antepasados y el de los contempor��neos. En este trabajo indagaremos el funcionamiento de este t��pico en De diuinatione y De natura deorum de Cicer��n. Desde nuestro punto de vista, el ideal del mos maiorum no solamente involucra virtudes ��ticas y morales sino que tambi��n supone una especial actitud con respecto a los dioses y el culto que resulta central en la definici��n de la identidad romana.

Media diversity as a guarantee to cultural diversity: the promotion of identities from an international law approach

This article deals with several international instruments which provide legal guarantees for media diversity, which is essential for the promotion of cultural diversity. Based on several articles of the Convention of cultural diversity, the General Comment of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights No. 21 on the right to take part in cultural life, as well as the work of the UN Independent Expert on Cultural Rights, this article aims to identify legal tools for the establishing of measures promoting cultural diversity in the media. This article looks at the case study of Honduran Garifuna community radios. It emphasizes the importance of taking into account the economic aspects of cultural and communicational rights.

Speeches and paradoxes of cultural mediation: A practice between the elite and the cultural poverty

This text analyzes the speeches of a group of cultural mediators working in Madrid in public and private institutions of arts. The group was organized as part of the activities of the European Project Divercity: Diving into Diversity in Museums and the City of the Complutense University in March 2015. The aim of the interview was to unravel what they mean by diversity in the profession, and analyze the contradictions and objectives professions that arise in this new field of work.