School funding and education policy-making models in Ontario /

The purpose of this thesis is to examine various policy implementation models, and to determine what use they are to a government. In order to insure that governmental proposals are created and exercised in an effective manner, there roust be some guidelines in place which will assist in resolving difficult situations. All governments face the challenge of responding to public demand, by delivering the type of policy responses that will attempt to answer those demands. The problem for those people in positions of policy-making responsibility is to balance the competitive forces that would influence policy. This thesis examines provincial government policy in two unique cases. The first is the revolutionary recommendations brought forth in the Hall -Dennis Report. The second is the question of extending full -funding to the end of high school in the separate school system. These two cases illustrate how divergent and problematic the policy-making duties of any government may be. In order to respond to these political challenges decision-makers must have a clear understanding of what they are attempting to do. They must also have an assortment of policy-making models that will insure a policy response effectively deals with the issue under examination. A government must make every effort to insure that all policymaking methods are considered, and that the data gathered is inserted into the most appropriate model. Currently, there is considerable debate over the benefits of the progressive individualistic education approach as proposed by the Hall -Dennis Committee. This debate is usually intensified during periods of economic uncertainty. Periodically, the province will also experience brief yet equally intense debate on the question of separate school funding. At one level, this debate centres around the efficiency of maintaining two parallel education systems, but the debate frequently has undertones of the religious animosity common in Ontario's history. As a result of the two policy cases under study we may ask ourselves these questions: a) did the policies in question improve the general quality of life in the province? and b) did the policies unite the province? In the cases of educational instruction and finance the debate is ongoing and unsettling. Currently, there is a widespread belief that provincial students at the elementary and secondary levels of education are not being educated adequately to meet the challenges of the twenty-first century. The perceived culprit is individual education which sees students progressing through the system at their own pace and not meeting adequate education standards. The question of the finance of Catholic education occasionally rears its head in a painful fashion within the province. Some public school supporters tend to take extension as a personal religious defeat, rather than an opportunity to demonstrate that educational diversity can be accommodated within Canada's most populated province. This thesis is an attempt to analyze how successful provincial policy-implementation models were in answering public demand. A majority of the public did not demand additional separate school funding, yet it was put into place. The same majority did insist on an examination of educational methods, and the government did put changes in place. It will also demonstrate how policy if wisely created may spread additional benefits to the public at large. Catholic students currently enjoy a much improved financial contribution from the province, yet these additional funds were taken from somewhere. The public system had it funds reduced with what would appear to be minimal impact. This impact indicates that government policy is still sensitive to the strongly held convictions of those people in opposition to a given policy.

Curriculum survey on tobacco education in European dental schools

Dental professionals need adequate education in tobacco use prevention and cessation skills. The aim of this study was to identify the level of integration of tobacco education in undergraduate curricula of European dental schools.

Attitudes to living and working in pandemic conditions among emergency prehospital medical care personnel

Introduction: Little is known about the risk perceptions and attitudes of healthcare personnel, especially of emergency prehospital medical care personnel, regarding the possibility of an outbreak or epidemic event. Problem: This study was designed to investigate pre-event knowledge and attitudes of a national sample of the emergency prehospital medical care providers in relation to a potential human influenza pandemic, and to determine predictors of these attitudes. Methods: Surveys were distributed to a random, cross-sectional sample of 20% of the Australian emergency prehospital medical care workforce (n = 2,929), stratified by the nine services operating in Australia, as well as by gender and location. The surveys included: (1) demographic information; (2) knowledge of influenza; and (3) attitudes and perceptions related to working during influenza pandemic conditions. Multiple logistic regression models were constructed to identify predictors of pandemic-related risk perceptions. Results: Among the 725 Australian emergency prehospital medical care personnel who responded, 89% were very anxious about working during pandemic conditions, and 85% perceived a high personal risk associated with working in such conditions. In general, respondents demonstrated poor knowledge in relation to avian influenza, influenza generally, and infection transmission methods. Less than 5% of respondents perceived that they had adequate education/training about avian influenza. Logistic regression analyses indicate that, in managing the attitudes and risk perceptions of emergency prehospital medical care staff, particular attention should be directed toward the paid, male workforce (as opposed to volunteers), and on personnel whose relationship partners do not work in the health industry. Conclusions: These results highlight the potentially crucial role of education and training in pandemic preparedness. Organizations that provide emergency prehospital medical care must address this apparent lack of knowledge regarding infection transmission, and procedures for protection and decontamination. Careful management of the perceptions of emergency prehospital medical care personnel during a pandemic is likely to be critical in achieving an effective response to a widespread outbreak of infectious disease.

A human rights analysis of a claim for educational negligence in Australian schools

This thesis argues that an action in educational negligence should be available in Australia to provide a remedy for failure by schools and teachers to provide an adequate education as required by Australia’s human rights obligations. The thesis substantiates a duty of care to provide an adequate education under general principles of the law of negligence in appropriate cases. Although some protection exists for disabled students in Australia’s anti-discrimination and other legislation, non-disabled students are not afforded redress under existing causes of action. The educational negligence action provides a suitable remedy in an era of professional educational accountability.

Educação infantil e direito: práticas de controle como campo de análise

O presente estudo objetiva colocar em análise a Edu cação Infantil como um direito incorporado às políticas públicas para a infância, a partir de 1988, no contexto da nova Constituição Federal. A universalização do acesso à escola desde o nascimento é celebrada como uma conquista, em nome do direito, mas, como isto se dá na prática, para além da legislação? A partir de análises de implicação, conforme propõe René Lourau, colocamos em questão o que nos une ao campo da Educação Infantil enquanto direito da primeira infâ ncia, problematizando a própria condição dos especialismos que atravessam e são atr avessados no cotidiano dos estabelecimentos de atendimento. A construção da Educação Infantil como direito, no contexto da sociedade de controle, obriga pensar em relações de direito, responsabilidade, acesso e coerção, apontadas como fundamentais à boa formação. Tendo como norte o caminho genealógico proposto por Foucault, interessa pensar os sentidos que produzem este ou aquele caminho. Por certo, não é a formulação de um instrumento, de um dispositivo, uma lei, por si só, que nos leva a algo, mas as suas formas de aplicação. Trazemos para a discussão , então, as produções de verdades, as relações de saber-poder e, consequentemente, as subjetividades que vão se constituindo em nome da garantia do direito. Nesta perspectiva, o uso de alguns conceitos como cidadania e direitos, como paradigmas, pode acabar nos engessando em conceitos modelares e no enquadramento como discurso de oportunidades iguais para todos. Consideramos, assim, a possibilidade de se estabelecer na Educação Infantil um espaço redimensionado enquanto fluxo de resistências na sociedade de controle (PASSETTI), n ão no sentido de institucionalizar as crianças, para enquadrá-las em comportamentos idealizados, mas para trabalhar firmando constantemente a importância de um olhar sensível para o entorno, os devires na perspectiva de Deleuze os sorrisos, os gestos, as diferenças

Eskola Porrota. Hezitzaileen begirada.

[eus] Eskola Porrota kaltegarria da ez bakarrik jasotzen duten familientzat, gizarte osoarentzat baizik. Kezkagarria da gure eskolak ikasle guztien heziketa egokia ziurtatzeko kapazak ez izatea. Irakasleok ez badugu gure ikasle guztien arrakasta lortzeko baliabiderik, gure ahalegin guztiak alferrikako lana bihurtuko dira. Lan honetan, informazioaren bilketa egin da eta analisiaren bidez, Eskola Porrotaren esangura argitu nahi izan da, diziplinarteko ikuspuntu batetik: bere faktoreak, arrazoiak eta ondorioak identifikatzen dira, egoeraren azterketa bat egiten da eta irakasleentzat Eskola Porrota garaiz aurreikusteko eta saihesteko jarraibidea ere proposatzen da.

Creating an Inclusive Society… How Close are We in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder? A General Population Survey

BackgroundChildren with autism spectrum disorder are increasingly educated in mainstream classrooms in the United Kingdom (Wilkinson & Twist, Autism and Educational Assessment: UK Policy and Practice. NFER, Slough, 2010), and some employers are now specifically seeking out staff on the autism spectrum. Does that mean that we are living in an inclusive society' [United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA), Creating an Inclusive Society: Practical Strategies to Promote Social Integration 2008], in the sense that inequalities are reduced and full economic, social and cultural participation is advanced for individuals with autism?

MethodsA general population survey was conducted to assess how close we, as a society, are to an inclusive society for individuals with autism in Northern Ireland. Public attitudes were examined to (i) visibility and social interaction, (ii) aetiology, needs and interventions, and (iii) rights and resources.

ResultsA stratified, representative sample of 1204 adults took part in the survey; of these, 989 were aware of autism and their attitudes and behavioural projections reflected a mix of acceptance and denunciation. The level of confusion with regard to interventions reflected the general uncertainty within UK policy regarding meeting the needs of individuals on the autism spectrum (International Journal of Disability, Development and Education 61, 134, 2014a).

ConclusionTherefore, it seems that inclusion is working to an extent, but more clarity is needed with regard to adequate education, intervention and support for individuals with autism.

A supervisão pedagógica em ensino da biologia no Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educação: ISCED/Huíla-Angola: contributos metodológicos para o seu desenvolvimento

O desenvolvimento de uma sociedade depende do nível intelectual e educacional revelado pelos seus cidadãos, o que é determinado também pela qualidade de ensino. A consecução de tal qualidade implica uma adequada formação de professores e esta requer uma reflexão que permita atualização e inovação constantes do processo de Supervisão Pedagógica. Esta deve garantir a mudança e a inovação necessárias das Práticas Pedagógicas (PP), fator relevante na preparação pessoal e profissional dos docentes. Não há ensino de qualidade sem uma adequada formação de professores e esta é assegurada, obviamente, pela implementação adequada, reflexiva e permanentemente inovada das Práticas Pedagógicas. As instituições formadoras arcam com a grande responsabilidade de procurar mecanismos para dotarem os seus quadros, ou seja, os Supervisores Pedagógicos, de competências que lhes permitam exercer essa missão de forma cientificamente sustentada. Esta investigação tem por objetivo apresentar um plano de estratégias metodológicas inovadoras de Supervisão com a finalidade de introduzir melhorias no Sistema de Supervisão Pedagógica, consubstanciado fundamentalmente, nas Práticas Pedagógicas, no Curso de Biologia do ISCED/HUÍLA - Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educação. O estudo foi desenvolvido no âmbito do Curso de Doutoramento de Didática e Formação da Universidade de Aveiro (Portugal) e enquadradas pelo paradigma eclético. Decorreu em duas Fase, I e II. A Fase I - estudo preliminar - teve a participação de dois Professores Supervisores (PS) e 59 Alunos Futuros Professores (AFP) do 3º e 4º anos do Curso do Ensino de Biologia. Nesta fase, para a recolha de dados foram realizados inquéritos (entrevistas aos PS e questionários aos AFP). Para o tratamento de dados, recorreu-se à análise de conteúdo para as entrevistas dos PS e para as questões abertas dos questionários aos AFP; para as questões fechadas utilizou-se Microsoft Excel. Esta fase de diagnóstico teve como objetivo recolher a perceção dos participantes sobre a pertinência das estratégias metodológicas em uso na PP no Curso de Biologia e obter as suas sugestões para a respetiva melhoria. Os resultados apontaram fundamentalmente para uma mudança das estratégias das PP e para a inclusão de trabalhos práticos (laboratorial e de campo). A Fase II - estudo principal - teve como base os resultados obtidos na fase anterior. Foram concebidas, implementadas e avaliadas ações formativas e investigativas no campo da Supervisão Pedagógica, quer aos PS, quer aos AFP, visando responder às necessidades colocadas bem como as sugestões recebidas dos participantes. A recolha de dados foi realizada no âmbito das ações formativas/investigativas realizadas com os participantes. A recolha de dados foi realizada através de fichas administradas no final de cada sessão, de um questionário intermédio, para a obtenção de opiniões acerca das atividades já realizadas para serem introduzidas as emendas julgadas pertinentes com vista a melhoria do processo e de um questionário final. Como fonte complementar foram usados os portefólios dos AFP, as auscultações dos participantes, durante e no final do processo, anotados no teaching portefólio do investigador. Foi efetuada uma exposição com todo o material desenvolvido no âmbito de uma sessão de reflexão sobre as PP. Ficou consensualmente institucionalizado a realização anual de um evento para apresentação e discussão dos trabalhos das PP e, sobretudo, para a meta-reflexão das atividades supervisivas desenvolvidas ao longo do ano. As conclusões resultantes de todo o estudo, refletem a satisfação de todos os participantes, bem como o reconhecimento de que foi dada uma contribuição para a resposta ao problema levantado, às questões e subquestões da investigação, obtendo-se assim a consecução dos objetivos preconizados. Como sugestão para futuras investigações, aponta-se a conceção de ações que visem a mudança das PP para um Estágio Pedagógico. Como implicações, deste estudo, julga-se poder ter contribuído na melhoria das competências dos PS, o que poderá favorecer as suas estratégias da Supervisão Pedagógica. Tudo isto aponta para uma melhor formação do futuro professor, garantindo um ensino de qualidade que proporcionará uma melhor formação de cidadãos.

Evolução da perda de peso entre indivíduos da fila de espera para a cirurgia bariátrica em um ambulatório multidisciplinar de atenção secundária à saúde

Objective: The objective of this study is to characterize the assistance and analyze patient's adherence to nutritional follow-up while in the waiting line for bariatric surgery in a multidisciplinary, secondary healthcare outpatient clinic. Methods: This retrospective study was based on the nutritional records of 59 patients subjected to bariatric surgery at the Hospital das Clinics de Botucatu, from 2001 to 2008. The population studied was distributed into 8 groups and analyzed according to follow-up duration. The analysis took into account the evolution of body weight and the number of follow-up visits in a given period. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare data between groups while Spearman's coefficient was used to test correlations. Results: Among the 59 studied patients, 42 (71.2%) returned to the clinic at least once in six months. Of these, 67.8% lost weight while in the waiting line and 27.1% of them lost more than 10% of their body weight. The greatest weight losses in the preoperative period were found in the groups that had more than six months of nutrition follow-up. There was a mean delay of three months between return visits, which could have contributed to the low adherence to follow-up. Conclusion: The patients in the waiting line for surgery analyzed in this study presented low adherence to the long-spaced return visits. The greatest weight losses were observed in groups that had been followed for more than six months. This shows that, to achieve the desired weight loss and an adequate education process before surgery, at least six months of follow-up and regular visits are necessary.

A importância da integração universidade e serviços de saúde

Brazilian Curricular Directrix demand changes on teaching dental surgeon, proposing new scenes of learning and study other than the classroom. So, pedagogic projects should search for integral and adequate education by relating teaching, research and extension/assistance. This paper discusses the importance of university extension activities on teaching Odontology students and relates the experience of Araçatuba Dental School of São Paulo State University. This school develops some university extension activities since the 60s by Dental Service Beyond School (SEMO, in portuguese). Among the activities included by SEMO there are several projects, such as: “Program of Dental Attention for Pregnant Women”, “Program of Dental Attention to Juvenile Foundation at Araçatuba”, “Always Smiling – Health Promotion for Institutionalized Elderlies”, “Santa Clara de Assis Nursery School Program of Dental Attention”, and "Promotion of oral health in Araçatuba public kindergarten schools”. These programs give the student knowledge of structure dimensions of public health services; chance to participate on attendance for the population, comprehension of oral health politics, and the role of dental surgeon in social context, where these students will work in the future. The positive impact obtained with these services is perceived by students return. Most of them feel satisfied about the experience lived there.

Government of public education for adequate policy making.

Includes bibliographical references.

Professional development for the integration of biotechnology education

Views on the nature and relevance of science education have changed significantly over recent decades. This has serious implications for the way in which science is taught in secondary schools, particularly with respect to teaching emerging topics such as biotechnology, which have a socio-scientific dimension and also require novel laboratory skills. It is apparent in current literature that there is a lack of adequate teacher professional development opportunities in biotechnology education and that a significant need exists for researchers to develop a carefully crafted and well supported professional development design which will positively impact on the way in which teachers engage with contemporary science. This study used a retrospective case study methodology to document the recent evolution of modern biotechnology education as part of the changing nature of science education; examine the adoption and implementation processes for biotechnology education by three secondary schools; and to propose an evidence based biotechnology professional development model for science educators. Data were gathered from documents, one-on-one interviews and focus group discussions. Analysis of these data has led to the proposal of a biotechnology professional development model which considers all of the key components of science professional development that are outlined in the literature, as well as the additional components which were articulated by the educators studied. This research is timely and pertinent to the needs of contemporary science education because of its recognition of the need for a professional development model in biotechnology education that recognizes and addresses the content knowledge, practical skills, pedagogical knowledge and curriculum management components.

Educating the Other: Standpoint and Theory on the 'Internationalisation' of Higher Education

How adequate are current theoretical standpoints, tools and categories for explaining the flows of international students to Anglo/American/European universities? This essay takes a different analytic tact and historical standpoint to the study of them and us, insiders and outsiders (cf. Foley, Levinson & Hurtig, 2001), in the internationalisation of education.