Transposições ortográficas e estrutura da sílaba na escrita infantil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pinch my wig or winch my pig: Spelling, spoonerisms and other language skills

Phonological processing skills have often been assumed to play a minimal role in skilled adult spelling despite evidence showing their importance in the development of spelling skills. The present study investigated the relationship between phonological awareness and spelling in adults. It was hypothesised that subjects demonstrating higher levels of spelling proficiency would also show superior phonological processing skills. This relationship was expected to be mediated by sound-spelling mapping knowledge. Given the irregularities of sound-spelling correspondences in English, it was also predicted that knowledge of orthographic conventions would be related to spelling competency. Two measures of each component skill were used on seventy three university students. As predicted, the importance of spelling-sound mapping skills in spelling were demonstrated, as was a relationship between phonological awareness and spelling-sound correspondences. In addition a moderate correlation was found between orthographic tasks and spelling performance. It was concluded that, among university students at least, phonological ability makes an important contribution to skilled adult spelling.

Spelling in adults: The role of reading skills and experience

One hundred university students completed tests of spelling production, vocabulary, reading comprehension, reading experience, and reading accuracy (ability to distinguish a previously read word from a similar distractor). Reading experience, as measured by an adaptation of the Author Recognition Test, and reading accuracy contributed to the prediction of spelling beyond the joint contribution of reading comprehension and vocabulary. The results are more consistent with a uni-process model of spelling based on the quality of word-specific orthographic learning, rather than with a dual-process account relying on both word-specific knowledge and rules.

Progressive dysgraphia in a case of posterior cortical atrophy

Dysgraphia (agraphia) is a common feature of posterior cortical atrophy (PCA). However, detailed analyses of these spelling and writing impairments are infrequently conducted. LM is a 59-year-old woman with dysgraphia associated with PCA. She presented with a two-year history of decline in her writing and dressmaking skills. A 3D T-1-weighted MRI scan confirmed selective bi-parietal atrophy, with relative sparing of the hippocampi and other cortical regions. Analyses of LM's preserved and impaired spelling abilities indicated mild physical letter distortions and a significant spelling deficit characterised by letter substitutions, insertions, omissions, and transpositions that was systematically sensitive to word length while insensitive to real word versus nonword category, word frequency, regularity, imagery, grammatical class and ambiguity. Our findings suggest a primary graphemic buffer disorder underlies LM's spelling errors, possibly originating from disruption to the operation of a fronto-parietal network implicated in verbal working memory.

Does a reading lexicon provide orthographic representations for spelling?

University students spelled low-frequency words to dictation and subsequently made lexical decisions to them. In Experiment I, lexical decisions were slower on words students had spelled incorrectly relative to words they had spelled correctly, and there A as a larger repetition benefit 101 incorrectly spelled words. In experiment 2, the latency advantage for items spelled correctly was replicated when words were presented for only 200 ms and also in a spelling recognition task, In Experiment 3. masked identity and form priming effects were similar for words that had been spelled correctly and incorrectly, Item spelling accuracy tracked word frequency effects in the way chat it combined with repetition and priming effects. we inter that an individuals learning with a word's orthography underlies word frequency and item spelling accuracy effects and that a single orthographic lexicon serves visual word recognition and spelling. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science (USA).

Explicit versus implicit spelling strategy instruction and its effects on grade one children's invented spellings

The intent of this study was to investigate .the effectiveness of teaching thirty-five Grade One children a variety of effective spelling strategies in comparison to tradit~onal spelling instruction. Strategy instruction included training in phonology, imagery and analogy. In addition, the type of instruction pro~ided (implicit versus explicit) was also examined. Children were seen in small groups of four or five, for four, twenty-five minute sessions. All children were tested prior and immediately following the training sessions, as well as at 14-day follow-ups. Pretest and posttest measures included a dictated spelling test (based on words used in training), a developmental spelling test and a sample of each child's writing. In addition, children completed a metacognitive spelling test as a measure of their strategy awareness. Performance scores on the pretest and posttest measures were compared to determine if any differences existed between the three spelling instruction groups using the Dunn-Bonferroni and Dunnett procedures. Findings revealed that explicit strategy instruction was the most effective spelling program for improving Grade One children's invented spellings. Children who received this instruction were able to spell targeted words more accurately, even after a 14-day follow-up, and were able to recall more effective spelling strategies than children who received either implicit strategy instruction or traditional strategy instruction.

Improving grade eight students' spelling performance with a triad strategy approach

Thesis (M.Ed.)-- Brock University, 1996.

Spelling performance of third grade students : a comparison of whole-language-plus-strategy instruction, strategy instruction only, and the whole language approach

This study investigated three methods for teaching children how to spell. Third grade students were divided into three conditions for a one-week training period consisting of 15- to 20-minute lessons. One of the two experimental conditions used a whole language approach along with explicit strategy instruction. The second condition used strategy instruction within a traditional setting. The control used strictly a whole language approach to le~ing hO\\l to spell. The spelling perfonnance of all three conditions improved after the one-week training period. However, students in the strategy instruction groups did significantly better on the study "'7ords than the whole language only group. The students in whole-Ianguage-plusstrateg)! instruction outperformed both other groups. Significantly better spelling perfonnance was observed even at the nine-week posttest. This study frrst supported the hypothesis that children can make significantly greater improven1ents in their spelling when explicitly taught how to use spelling strategies. Secondl)', this study indicated that whole language provided a relevant context for the study words, clearly giving the students in the whole-Ianguage-plus-strategy condition an additional advantage.

The elementary spelling book being an improvement on the American Spelling-book

UANL

Morphological awareness intervention : does severity play a role in spelling-reading improvement?

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Teaching spelling : teacher's workbook.

Es un módulo, de carácter interactivo, en el que se recomienda que no haya más de doce participantes por grupo, a fin de que todos ellos puedan compartir sus pensamientos, preguntas e investigaciones en el aula. Aunque, convencionalmente se dice que la ortografía es simplemente una herramienta para la escritura, uno de los más importantes descubrimientos de la alfabetización infantil, en la última década, es la noción de que la ortografía puede desempeñar un papel fundamental en el aprendizaje de la lectura.

Teaching spelling : course coordinator's book.

Es un módulo, de carácter interactivo, sobre ortografía en el que se recomienda que no haya más de doce participantes, uno de los cuales es el responsable de la organización de las sesiones. Lectura guiada es una técnica de instrucción y evaluación que apoya y fomenta el desarrollo de estrategias de lectura independiente. El responsable del módulo propone las actividades que se realizan en las sesiones para las diferentes etapas en los primeros años de escolarización, los materiales y equipos que serán necesarios para apoyar cada período de sesiones, las sugerencias de textos de ficción y no ficción que los participantes apoyan para las actividades de lectura guiada, y por último,cómo llevar a cabo las sesiones de apoyo y las tareas y actividades.

Word matters : teaching phonics and spelling in the reading-writing classroom.

Presenta un sistemático programa para ayudar a los niños en el aprendizaje de las letras, los sonidos y las palabras, y para ello establece las bases teóricas y prácticas necesarias en tres contextos: el estudio planificado de los elementos de letras y palabras; la escritura, para que los niños sepan usar las relaciones fonema-grafema, y desarrollen la ortografía, y por último, la lectura, incluida la enseñanza de cómo resolver palabras con el uso de la fonética.

Funny phonics and silly spelling : key stage 1 : age 5-6.

Un mago y sus amigos ayudan a los niños a aprender y practicar los conocimientos básicos de inglés, requeridos en la etapa clave uno (Key Stage 1). Diseñadas para captar la imaginación del estudiante, las actividades están divididas en secciones, cada una centrada en una competencia básica de fonética y ortografía:alfabeto; las letras iniciales; las letras finales; las vocales; la formación de la palabra; recitando versos; ortografía ck, terminación ng; los finales de palabra; sonido ch y sh. En la última página incluye un Certificado de Excelencia donde cada niño puede pegar una estrella dorada como recompensa por los logros alcanzados en cada actividad.

Funny phonics and silly spelling : key stage 1 : age 6-7.

Un mago y sus amigos ayudan a los niños a aprender y practicar los conocimientos básicos de inglés, requeridos en la etapa clave uno (Key Stage 1). Diseñadas para captar la imaginación del estudiante, las actividades están divididas en secciones, cada una centrada en una competencia básica de fonética y ortografía. En la última página incluye un Certificado de Excelencia donde cada niño puede pegar una estrella dorada como recompensa por los logros alcanzados en cada actividad.