Classroom dynamics.

Explora los problemas que tienen los profesores para manejar grupos y sugiere diversas estrategias que pueden utilizarse para liderar grupos de una manera eficaz. Examina las características de un grupo de éxito. Proporciona más de un centenar de actividades destinadas a fomentar un ambiente de grupo cohesivo y de apoyo. El manual está estructurado en tres secciones, que tratan con los procesos de formación, mantenimiento y finalización de grupos. Las secciones primera y última son las actividades a corto plazo, con un contenido adecuado para las primeras semanas y el fin de un curso. En la sección central, la sección más importante, se explora lo que se puede hacer para mantener un buen ambiente de grupo durante un largo plazo, o un año. En cada sección hay actividades tanto afectivas como cognitivas.

Materiais psicopedagógicos : os desafios da sua construção na educação para a saúde

Trabalho apresentado em XIII Congreso Internacional Galego-Portugués de Psicopedagoxía, Área 6 Formación de profesores y agentes educativos. Universidad da Coruña, 2 de Setembro de 2015.

“Aprender é ocupar o cérebro com coisas essenciais” - conceções de ensino e aprendizagem no 1.º ciclo do ensino básico

Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ensino do 1.º e 2.º Ciclos do Ensino Básico

Ler, contar e mostrar – desenvolvimento da leitura em voz alta e da expressão oral em alunos do 2.º ano de escolaridade

Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ensino do 1º e 2º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

L’incidence d’un dispositif de soutien en gestion de classe sur les pratiques disciplinaires et le sentiment d’efficacité d’enseignants débutants

Résumé Cette étude quasi expérimentale consistait à élaborer et à mettre à l’essai une mesure de soutien à l’intention d’enseignants débutants ainsi qu’à évaluer l’efficacité de celle-ci. L’une des particularités de cette mesure, appelée Dispositif de soutien en gestion de classe, était qu’elle était centrée essentiellement sur le développement de la compétence à gérer la classe. L’application du dispositif, échelonnée sur une année scolaire, portait sur une trentaine d’enseignants débutants œuvrant au primaire, en milieu défavorisé, à Montréal. Basé sur les trois phases du modèle théorique d’Archambault et Chouinard (2003), le dispositif se déclinait selon trois cycles de formation : l’établissement du fonctionnement de la classe, le maintien de celui-ci et le soutien à la motivation scolaire, ainsi que l’intervention pour résoudre des problèmes de comportement. Chaque cycle commençait par une journée de formation et d’appropriation (JFA) durant laquelle il y avait présentation d’un contenu théorique puis des ateliers d’appropriation. Par la suite, les enseignants effectuaient des mises en pratique dans leur classe. Pour terminer le cycle, un autre type de rencontre, la rencontre de suivi (RS), servait entre autres à objectiver la pratique. L’aspect original de cette mesure de soutien était que la première rencontre de formation était offerte une semaine avant la rentrée scolaire. Sur le thème « Commencer l’année du bon pied en gestion de classe », cette journée avait pour objectif de soutenir les enseignants débutants dans l’installation du fonctionnement de leur classe. L’efficacité du dispositif a été évaluée sur la base de trois dimensions : l’établissement et le maintien de l’ordre et de la discipline, le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle ainsi que la motivation professionnelle. Les perceptions du groupe d’enseignants débutants ayant pris part aux activités du dispositif (n = 27) ont été comparées à celles d’un groupe témoin (n = 44). Les participants avaient, en moyenne, 2,9 années d’expérience et leur âge variait de 23 à 56 ans. Les données ont été recueillies à l’aide d’un questionnaire auto rapporté rempli en deux temps, soit au deuxième et au huitième mois de l’année scolaire. Les scores des enseignants débutants du dispositif ont augmenté dans le temps pour l’ensemble des variables à l’étude. De plus, les analyses de variance à mesures répétées ont révélé que le dispositif a eu une triple incidence positive, attestée par des effets d’interaction. Les enseignants débutants engagés dans la démarche ont connu une augmentation de leur capacité à implanter les règles de classe, de leur sentiment d’efficacité personnelle à gérer les situations d’apprentissage et de leur motivation professionnelle. En effet, alors que, au début de l’étude, ils rapportaient des scores significativement inférieurs à ceux du groupe témoin, à la fin, les scores étaient équivalents. Les résultats ont aussi montré que les participants du groupe expérimental se distinguaient en affichant un meilleur sentiment d’efficacité à faire apprendre leurs élèves. L’étude nous apprend également que le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle à faire face aux problèmes de comportement et la capacité à gérer les comportements se sont renforcés de façon significative dans le temps chez l’ensemble des enseignants débutants. Finalement, aucun changement significatif n’a été détecté pour deux des huit variables à l’étude : le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle à avoir un effet sur le comportement des élèves et l’application des règles de classe. En définitive, ces résultats sont encourageants. Ils montrent l’enrichissement professionnel que les enseignants débutants peuvent retirer lorsqu’ils sont soutenus adéquatement. Nous croyons que la journée de formation portant sur l’installation du fonctionnement de la classe, avant la rentrée scolaire, a joué un rôle central dans les succès vécus par les enseignants débutants participants. C’est pourquoi nous recommandons ce type de formation assorti d’un suivi à long terme, où d’autres composantes entrent en jeu, afin de nourrir le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle et la motivation professionnelle des nouveaux enseignants.

Atitude dos docentes do segundo ciclo face à inclusão escolar de alunos com necessidades educativas especiais

O presente trabalho tem por base o estudo do tipo de atitude revelada pelos docentes de 2ºciclo face à inclusão escolar de alunos com necessidades educativas especiais. A metodologia seguida passou pela entrevista aplicada a cinco docentes de vários grupos disciplinares, observação direta a dois docentes em contexto de sala de aula e análise documental. A análise dos resultados obtidos permite afirmar que os docentes estão sensibilizados para as vantagens da escola inclusiva, contudo, consideram que, para a escola inclusiva ter sucesso, é imprescindível investir na formação de professores, sobretudo, na área das necessidades educativas especiais. Para além de referido anteriormente salienta-se ainda, a necessidade de maior número de horas de apoio por parte dos docentes de Educação Especial, mais recursos materiais, turmas mais reduzidas e apoio de outros técnicos especializados. A inclusão dos alunos considerados com necessidades educativas especiais no ensino regular implica mudanças ao nível das atitudes e das práticas pedagógicas de todos os intervenientes no processo ensino e aprendizagem, da organização e da gestão na sala de aula e na própria Escola enquanto instituição.

A modelagem matemática como alternativa de ensino e aprendizagem da geometria na educação de jovens e adultos

This is work itself insert in the mathematics education field of the youth and adult education to aim to practitioners of the educational action into the mathematics area performing to with this is teaching kind, adopting to as parameter the Mathematics Molding approach. The motive of the research is to draw up a application proposal of the molding mathematics as teaching and learning geometry alternative in the youth and adult education. The research it develops in three class of the third level (series 5th and 6th) of he youth and adults education in the one school municipal from the Natal outskirts. Its have qualitative nature with participating observation approach, once performing to directly in to research environment as a mathematics teacher of those same classes. We are used questionnaires, lesson notes and analyses of the officials documents as an basis of claim instruments. The results indicates that activity used the mathematic moldings were appreciated the savoir-faire of the student in to knowledge construction process, when search develop to significant learning methods, helping to student build has mathematics connections with other knowledge areas and inside mathematics himself, so much that enlarges your understanding and assist has in your participation in the other socials place, over there propitiate to change in student and teacher posture with relation to mathematic classroom dynamics

A arte na escola: experiência emancipadora ou atividade paralela?

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

Webinars in higher education: use and misuse

[EN]Web meetings have recently become a common tool for eLearning in higher education. But what are they used for? How well do they work? How do they fit into the pedagogical context? In this paper, the wider context of social and technological change over recent years is discussed and, in this light, the (mis)use of webinars to recreate traditional classroom dynamics online is held up to criticism. Possible future educational fits for this technology are indicated.

A operacionalização do programa de matemática em vigor no 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico pelos professores do concelho de Machico

Trabalho de projeto apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Paula Frassinetti para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação Especialização em Supervisão Pedagógica

Dealing with crisis: Early childhood teachers perceived role in supporting children

The study explored how two experienced early childhood teachers support children dealing with crisis in their home environment, namely divorce, domestic violence and imprisonment of parents. The focus was on the relationship between the educational environment (organisation of space, time and relationships in an ecological perspective) and children's emotional well-being. This study builds on studies in Portugal about emotional well-being (Portugal & Laevers, 2010) and about the impact on children from imprisoned parents (Afonso, 2005, Kominsky, Pinto & Miyashiro, 2005, Tavares, 2011), domestic violence (Batista, 2014, Lisboa et al., 2002, Ribeiro, 2010) and divorce (Martons, 2010, Rego, 2008). The theoretical framework was weaved with Laevers (2004) concepts of emotional well-being and involvement and Siraj-Blatchford (2002) and Figueiredo (2013) perspective of pedagogy as including different dimensions of which the educational environment is essential. In-depth interviews with both teachers and some observations of their classroom dynamics were analysed for emerging cross themes in this qualitative study. Anonymity was preserved throughout the study by the use of codes. The study was presented to the teachers and questions were presented in advance. Both teachers expressed preference for adapting existing pedagogical tools (e.g. the classroom diary) and the daily dynamic to support children instead of using special interventions. Domestic violence was seen as the most problematic situation for its repercussions. Attention to emotional well-being, a strong relationship with the child and the families was highlighted. Pedagogy was described as answering different challenges, with a strong emphasis on children's participation. Thematising teachers' pedagogical knowledge is important.

The interactive dynamics in the university context: the classroom environment

Interpersonal relationships in human communities gained a great value since the begging of mankind, these relationships are constructed on interaction and socialization. The educational context is not exempt of these interactive and communicative processes, and it is specifically in the classroom where they can be found. The classroom can be identified as a physical and a humane space, in which dynamics are developed from the interactions between teachers and students, learning content, learning strategies and the class environment. All of these aspects are presented in the classroom as part of the teaching and learning processes. It is interesting to analyze the classroom environment and the interactive dynamics that are developed in it, regardless of the student’s age, wether in the case of infants, adolescents or adults. In this particular case, we analyze the classroom environment at the university level. Understanding the interactive dynamics that are being developed in the classroom, determine whether or not an environment is appropriate for the teaching and learning processes, which must be considered, if someone chooses an integral and quality of education.

School Bullies’ Quest for Power: Implications for Group Dynamics and Intervention

Bullying is characterized by an inequality of power between perpetrator and target. Findings that bullies can be highly popular have helped redefine the old conception of the maladjusted school bully into a powerful individual exerting influence on his peers from the top of the peer status hierarchy. Study I is a conceptual paper that explores the conditions under which a skillful, socially powerful bully can use the peer group as a means of aggression and suggests that low cohesion and low quality of friendships make groups easier to manipulate. School bullies’ high popularity should be a major obstacle for antibullying efforts, as bullies are unlikely to cease negative actions that are rewarding, and their powerful position could discourage bystanders from interfering. Using data from the Finnish program KiVa, Study II supported the hypothesis that antibullying interventions are less effective with popular bullies in comparison to their unpopular counterparts. In order to design interventions that can address the positive link between popularity and aggression, it is necessary to determine in which contexts bullies achieve higher status. Using an American sample, Study III examined the effects of five classroom features on the social status that peers accord to aggressive children, including classroom status hierarchy, academic level and grade level, controlling for classroom mean levels of aggression and ethnic distribution. Aggressive children were more popular and better liked in fifth grade relative to fourth grade and in classrooms of higher status hierarchy. Surprisingly, the natural emergence of status hierarchies in children’s peer groups has long been assumed to minimize aggression. Whether status hierarchies hinder or promote bullying is a controversial question in the peer relations’ literature. Study IV aimed at clarifying this debate by testing the effects of the degree of classroom status hierarchy on bullying. Higher hierarchy was concrrently associated with bullying and predictive of higher bullying six months later. As bullies’ quest for power is increasingly acknowledged, some researchers suggest teaching bullies to attain the elevated status they yearn for through prosocial acts. Study V cautions against such solutions by reviewing evidence that prosocial behaviors enacted with the intention of controlling others can be as harmful as aggression.

TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS OF ENTERIC BACTERIA IN DAY-CARE CENTERS, HOUSTON, TEXAS

An investigation was undertaken to evaluate the role of fomites in the transmission of diarrhea in day-care centers (DCC) and to elucidate the paths by which enteric organisms spread within this setting.^ During a nine-month period (December 1980-August 1981) extensive culturing of inanimate objects, as well as children and staff was done routinely each month and again repeated during diarrhea outbreaks. Air was sampled from the classrooms and toilets using a Single-Stage Sieve Sampler (Ross Industries, Midland, VA.). Stool samples were collected from both ill and well children and staff in the affected rooms only during outbreaks. Environmental samples were processed for Shigella, salmonella and fecal coliforms while stools were screened for miscellaneous enteropathogens.^ A total of 11 outbreaks occurred in the 5 DCC during the study period. Enteric pathogens were recovered in 7 (64%) of the outbreaks. Multiple pathogens were identified in 3 outbreaks. The most frequently identified pathogen in stools was Giardia lamblia which was recovered in 5 (45%) of the outbreaks. Ten of the 11 (91%) outbreaks occurred in children less than 12 months of age.^ Environmental microbiology studies together with epidemiologic information revealed that enteric organisms were transmitted from person-to-person. On routine sampling, fecal coliforms were most frequently isolated from tap handles and diaper change areas. Contamination with fetal coliforms was wide-spread during diarrhea outbreaks. Fecal coliforms were recovered with significantly greater frequency from hands, toys and other classroom objects during outbreaks than during non-outbreak period. Salmonella typhimurium was recovered from a table top during an outbreak of Salmonellosis. There was no association between the level of enteric microbial contamination in the toilet areas and the occurrence of outbreaks. No evidence was found to indicate that enteric organisms were spread by the airborne route via aerosols.^ Toys, other classroom objects and contaminated hands probably play a major role in the transmission of enteropathogens during day-care center outbreaks. The presence of many enteric agents in the environment undoubtedly explains the polymicrobial etiology of the day-care center associated diarrhea outbreaks. ^

The Federal role in the federal system : the dynamics of growth.

"A-77 - A-87."