936 resultados para Transporte urbano - Economic aspects


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This thesis carries through an application of Analysis of Multicriterion Decision with use of the method of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the problematic one of taking of decision of the adoption of electronic collecting in the system of urban transport in the country, a subject that has been controversial. A modeling of criteria and alternatives is carried through and applied a questionnaire based on method AHP the excellent actors in the system of urban transport - Leading of the Managing Agency Public Municipal theatre of Urban Transports, Controller of Company of Bus, Controller of Labor union, Controller of Union of Companies, Communitarian Leader. The considered alternatives were: the maintenance of the current state with collectors, the implementation of electronic collection without collectors, and the implementation of electronic collection with collectors. The used criteria were: job, impact in the fare, control of the system, easiness of use, information. The study was carried through in the city of Natal, RN, where if the adoption of electronic collection argues and where this implementation in some bus lines between Natal and Parnamirim exists, city that integrates the region of the great Natal. The main results of the method evidence in a dimension, the viability of use of method AHP with questionnaire by means of validation of the judgments with analysis of variance beyond proper the normal mechanisms of analysis of consistency to the method, and in another one, the contribution of the analysis boarding multicriterion to become the judgments more clearly. The main results of the analysis help to show that although to models of criteria and distinct judgments of the actors, the method evidenced that it has inclination the adoption of the electronic collection on the current situation, even so with divergences between the maintenance or not of the collector. The research points to the possibility of accomplishment of the application of the AHP in successive rounds of judgments

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Recognizing the importance the workplace has on mental health of the individual, the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the burnout syndrome and the sources of physical and emotional wear which permeate the work conditions of the urban public transport system of the city of Natal. Although existent in international literature, research on burnout in the professional transport category and studies directed to this category are not a tradition in Brazil. The research was carried out using 412 drivers and money-changers of two transport companies of Natal. To collect the data, two questionnaires and a semi-structured interview were used. The first instrument, developed and validated during the research, investigated the sources of wear and the second, the syndrome of burnout. As its main results, two sources of empirical wear were identified as follows: (1) the Conflict of Values and the Lack of Justice at the Workplace, (2) Union and Reward. Besides these, it was observed that there is an incidence of the syndrome of burnout among the drivers and money-changers of urban transport by bus, not only in the caring occupations studied before in Natal and Brazil and that this incidence is related to the sources of wear which permeate the work conditions of these professionals

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Incluye bibliografía

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Urban transport in the largest Latin American and Caribbean cities consumes about 3.5% of regional GDP — a percentage that is inflated by the effects of traffic congestion. In addition to the costs of congestion in terms of lost economic efficiency, there are also negative consequences in terms of social cohesion. The phenomenon of traffic congestion, which is caused mainly by relatively wealthy car drivers, lengthens journey times and, more importantly, forces up public transport fares. Owning a car is one of the fruits of human progress; using it in conditions of acute congestion or contamination is a social ill.

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La evolución del paradigma de desarrollo sostenible hacia la enumeración integrada de las áreas económicas, sociales y ambientales, las cuales en su conjunto impactan sobre la calidad de la vida humana, facilita una mejor articulación entre el desempeño económico, social y ambiental del sector transporte y el progreso hacia el desarrollo sostenible. En la actualidad, más que continuar a sostener y justificar el vínculo general entre transporte y desarrollo, hace falta identificar cómo y bajo cuáles condiciones el sector de transporte puede brindar una contribución necesaria al logro de los objetivos post-2015. En este contexto, el presente documento busca ofrecer una visión del transporte marítimo basada en el contexto y los requerimientos del nuevo paradigma de desarrollo sostenible. Desde esta perspectiva, el documento evalúa los retos para los puertos de la región de América Latina, enfocándose en el desafío de la sostenibilidad en su sentido más amplio, y plantea la necesidad de cambios profundos de las políticas portuarias —cambios paradigmáticos que requieren una nueva gobernanza portuaria en la región.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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O grau de desenvolvimento econômico e social de uma sociedade pode ser avaliado diretamente à facilidade de transporte de passageiros e cargas. A qualidade de vida nas cidades é fortemente influenciada pelas características do transporte público. O Brasil tem 80 % de sua população morando em cidades, de forma que uma maior utilização do transporte público seria a solução para problemas de congestionamento, poluição, acidentes, desumanização e outros males que atingem as cidades modernas. Bauru, interior de São Paulo, é uma cidade de porte médio que apresenta um dos maiores índices de utilização de automóveis particulares, em parte pela formação da cidade, que é “espalhada”, e outra por suas características econômicas. A população de baixa renda, moradores da periferia e dependentes do transporte público, enfrenta grandes dificuldades para acessar as diferentes áreas da cidade (má operacionalização do sistema?). Este trabalho de finalização da graduação tem como objetivo maior trazer opções e facilitar o acesso da população a todas as áreas da cidade, através de um sistema de terminais e mini-terminais urbanos de transporte coletivo, buscando a melhor utilização do espaço público, uma maior mobilidade na cidade e a melhoria da qualidade de vida da população