Explaining the relationship between ingroup identification and intergroup bias following recategorization: A self-regulation theory analysis

We tested the hypothesis that regulation of discrepancies between perceived actual and ideal differentiation between the ingroup and outgroup could help to explain the relationship between ingroup identification and intergroup bias when participants are recategorized into a superordinate group. Replicating previous findings, we found that following recategorization, identification was positively related to intergroup bias. No such differences emerged in a control condition. However, we also, in the recategorization condition only, observed a positive association between ingroup identification and the perceived discrepancy between actual and ideal degree of differentiation from the outgroup: at higher levels of identification, participants increasingly perceived the ingroup to be less differentiated from the outgroup than they would ideally like. This tendency mediated the relationship between identification and bias. We discuss the theoretical, methodological and practical implications of these findings.

Towards a Critical Ecology of Child Development: Aligning the Theories of Bronfenbrenner and Bourdieu

Bronfenbrenner’s model of bio-ecological development has been utilized widely within the social sciences, in the field of human development, and in social work. Yet, while championing the rights of marginalised families and communities, Bronfenbrenner had under-theorized the role of power, agency and structure in shaping the ‘person-context’ interrelationship, life opportunities and social well-being. To respond to this deficit, this paper firstly outlines Bronfenbrenner’s ‘person, process, context, time’ model. Secondly, it then seeks to loosely align aspects of Bronfenbrenner’s model with Bourdieu’s analytical categories of habitus, field and capital. It is argued that these latter categories enable social workers to develop a critical ecology of child development, taking account of power and the interplay between agency and structure. The implications of the alignment for child and family social work are considered in the final section.

Implementing self-regulated strategy development for teaching argumentative writing : a multidimensional approach

Tese de doutoramento, Psicologia (Psicologia da Educação), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, 2015

Situações de jogo/brincadeira: promoção de interações desenvolvimentalmente estimulantes entre adultos (pais e profissionais) e crianças em idade de creche

Projeto de Intervenção apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de mestre em Ciências da Educação - Especialidade Intervenção Precoce

The Co-occurrence of Depressive Symptoms and Alcohol Use for Adolescent Boys and Girls: An Investigation of the Role of Self-Regulation and Approach Behavior

While many studies have been conducted on adolescent depressive symptoms and alcohol use, much of the research has examined these behaviors separately rather than examining their co-occurrence within individuals. In the present study, adolescents (N = 4412; 49% female) were surveyed at four time points (grade 9, 10, 11, and 12) and growth mixture modeling was used to identify groups of individuals reporting various patterns of depressive symptoms and alcohol use across the high school years. Four groups were identified, including co-occurrence (higher depressive symptoms and higher alcohol use relative to peers, comprising 6.1 % of boys and 7.1 % of the girls in the sample), pure depressive symptoms (higher depressive symptoms and lower alcohol use; 12.7% of boys and 12.5% of girls), pure alcohol use (higher alcohol use and lower depressive symptoms; 20.9% of boys and 19.9% of girls), and low co-occurrence (lower depressive symptoms and alcohol use, 60.3% of boys and 60.5% of girls). Groups were compared on self-regulatory (i.e., delay of gratification) and approach behaviors. For both boys and girls, delay of gratification was the strongest predictor of group membership, with the co-occurrence group scoring the lowest and the low co-occurrence group the highest. This finding emphasizes the importance of assessing delay of gratification in the identification of high risk youth.

Genetic and Electrophysiological Correlates of Self-Regulation in Adolescence

Self-regulation is considered a powerful predictor of behavioral and mental health outcomes during adolescence and emerging adulthood. In this dissertation I address some electrophysiological and genetic correlates of this important skill set in a series of four studies. Across all studies event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded as participants responded to tones presented in attended and unattended channels in an auditory selective attention task. In Study 1, examining these ERPs in relation to parental reports on the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) revealed that an early frontal positivity (EFP) elicited by to-be-ignored/unattended tones was larger in those with poorer self-regulation. As is traditionally found, N1 amplitudes were more negative for the to-be-attended rather than unattended tones. Additionally, N1 latencies to unattended tones correlated with parent-ratings on the BRIEF, where shorter latencies predicted better self-regulation. In Study 2 I tested a model of the associations between selfregulation scores and allelic variations in monoamine neurotransmitter genes, and their concurrent links to ERP markers of attentional control. Allelic variations in dopaminerelated genes predicted both my ERP markers and self-regulatory variables, and played a moderating role in the association between the two. In Study 3 I examined whether training in Integra Mindfulness Martial Arts, an intervention program which trains elements of self-regulation, would lead to improvement in ERP markers of attentional control and parent-report BRIEF scores in a group of adolescents with self-regulatory difficulties. I found that those in the treatment group amplified their processing of attended relative to unattended stimuli over time, and reduced their levels of problematic behaviour whereas those in the waitlist control group showed little to no change on both of these metrics. In Study 4 I examined potential associations between self-regulation and attentional control in a group of emerging adults. Both event-related spectral perturbations (ERSPs) and intertrial coherence (ITC) in the alpha and theta range predicted individual differences in self-regulation. Across the four studies I was able to conclude that real-world self-regulation is indeed associated with the neural markers of attentional control. Targeted interventions focusing on attentional control may improve self-regulation in those experiencing difficulties in this regard.

Looking at teacher identity through self-regulation

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

An online course fostering self-regulation of trainee teachers

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Metacognitive knowledge and self-regulation: A qualitative lecture of students functioning in writing

This research emerges from the world-wide problematic concerning student's failure. It particularly analyzes the meta-cognitive competences in the writing process of this population. Based on Flavell's (1992) viewpoint about meta-cognition and the socio-cognitive approach of self-regulation, two variables were measured: meta-cognitive knowledge and self-regulation strategies. A qualitative study was conducted on a sample of 12 French students at first year university. This study uses a specific technique of interview known as "explicitation interview". The data analysis included the categorization, codification and quantification of the information obtained with the interviews. In conclusion, even though the students had metacognitive knowledge related to the written tasks, they did not show strategies that could help to go beyond the descriptive modality of written discourses by taking into account the readers' expectations. Their writing processes focused on transcription of ideas with little control on the planning and revision phases.

Regulation and self-regulation learning. 'Regulación y autoregulación de los aprendizajes'.

Este vídeo nos enseña cómo se produce el proceso de regulación del aprendizaje por el profesor y nos muestra un método alternativo: la propia autoregulación del alumno.

La autorregulación (Self-Regulation) de la conducta y educación : teoría y técnicas.

Conocer el estado de la investigación en torno a la autorregulación de la conducta. Analizar los procesos psicológicos que están en la base de la autorregulación. Enumerar y estudiar las técnicas comprobadas empíricamente como idóneas para alcanzar el estadio autorregulativo de la conducta. Examinar las posibles aplicaciones de estas técnicas al campo de la educación. Ver la prospectiva de la autorregulación. La teoría del aprendizaje psicosocial cognitivo y educación. Pedagogía social. Autorregulación y educación. Terapia de conducta. Se ha hecho un análisis bibliográfico exhaustivo a la fecha sobre el tema en manuales y revistas casi exclusivamente de lengua inglesa; se han comparado tendencias en los marcos teóricos y en los estudios experimentales; se han criticado estudios en concreto y se proponen líneas de avance y de aplicación a la educación a partir del contenido de las fuentes. Se sugiere una interpretación crítica para el futuro de la ciencia psicológica en este campo. Se pone de manifiesto la importancia de la autorregulación en la educación general y social de la persona. Se comprueba la tremenda importancia que está cobrando este enfoque en las universidades de lengua inglesa. Se profundiza en el análisis de los modelos representativos teóricos de la autorregulación. Se hace una enumeración de las diferentes técnicas aplicables a la terapia y a la educación. Se comprueba como la autorregulación es aplicable a diversos campos conductuales y a diversos tipos de sujetos dentro y fuera del aula escolar. Se constata el tremendo auge que va cobrando este enfoque cara al futuro de la Ciencia. Se comprueba la suma importancia que tiene el conocimiento de la autorregulación en la formación del pedagogo. La autorregulación científica es un enfoque relativamente joven pero prometedor. La autorregulación se deriva de los principios científicos del condicionamiento (clásico y operante), del aprendizaje psico-social y de la terapia cognitiva. La autorregulación salva los escollos ético-prácticos de la terapia conductista y es un enfoque muy prometedor para la autorrealización del hombre.