Blowout bifurcation and spatial mode excitation in the bubbling transition to turbulence

The transition to turbulence (spatio-temporal chaos) in a wide class of spatially extended dynamical system is due to the loss of transversal stability of a chaotic attractor lying on a homogeneous manifold (in the Fourier phase space of the system) causing spatial mode excitation Since the latter manifests as intermittent spikes this has been called a bubbling transition We present numerical evidences that this transition occurs due to the so called blowout bifurcation whereby the attractor as a whole loses transversal stability and becomes a chaotic saddle We used a nonlinear three-wave interacting model with spatial diffusion as an example of this transition (C) 2010 Elsevier B V All rights reserved

Bubbling transition to spatial mode excitation in an extended dynamical system

We investigated the transition to spatio-temporal chaos in spatially extended nonlinear dynamical systems possessing an invariant subspace with a low-dimensional attractor. When the latter is chaotic and the subspace is transversely stable we have a spatially homogeneous state only. The onset of spatio-temporal chaos, i.e. the excitation of spatially inhomogeneous modes, occur through the loss of transversal stability of some unstable periodic orbit embedded in the chaotic attractor lying in the invariant subspace. This is a bubbling transition, since there is a switching between spatially homogeneous and nonhomogeneous states with statistical properties of on-off intermittency. Hence the onset of spatio-temporal chaos depends critically both on the existence of a chaotic attractor in the invariant subspace and its being transversely stable or unstable. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Transition to quantum turbulence in finite-size superfluids

A novel concept of quantum turbulence in finite size superfluids, such as trapped bosonic atoms, is discussed. We have used an atomic (87)Rb Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) to study the emergence of this phenomenon. In our experiment, the transition to the quantum turbulent regime is characterized by a tangled vortex lines formation, controlled by the amplitude and time duration of the excitation produced by an external oscillating field. A simple model is suggested to account for the experimental observations. The transition from the non-turbulent to the turbulent regime is a rather gradual crossover. But it takes place in a sharp enough way, allowing for the definition of an effective critical line separating the regimes. Quantum turbulence emerging in a finite-size superfluid may be a new idea helpful for revealing important features associated to turbulence, a more general and broad phenomenon. [GRAPHICS] Amplitude versus elapsed time diagram of magnetically excited BEC superfluid, presenting the evolution from the non-turbulent regime, with well separated vortices, to the turbulent regimes, with tangled vortices (C) 2011 by Astro Ltd. Published exclusively by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA

Evolutionary transition to freshwater by ancestral marine palaemonids: evidence from osmoregulation in a tide pool shrimp

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Transition to turbulence in the Reynolds' experiment

In this study we simulate numerically the Reynolds' experiment for the transition from laminar to turbulent flow in a pipe. We present a discussion of the results from a dynamical systems perspective when a control parameter, the Reynolds number, is increased. The Landau scenario, where the transition is described by the excitation of infinite oscillatory modes within the fluid, is not observed. Instead what happens is best explained by the Ruelle-Takens scenario in terms of strange attractors. The Lyapunov exponent and fractal dimension for the attractor are calculated together with a measure of complex behaviour called the Lempel-Ziv complexity. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Analytical calculation of the transition to complete phase synchronization in coupled oscillators

Here we present a system of coupled phase oscillators with nearest neighbors coupling, which we study for different boundary conditions. We concentrate at the transition to the total synchronization. We are able to develop exact solutions for the value of the coupling parameter when the system becomes completely synchronized, for the case of periodic boundary conditions as well as for a chain with fixed ends. We compare the results with those calculated numerically.

Transition to complete synchronization in phase-coupled oscillators with nearest neighbor coupling

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Liming in the transition to no-till under a wheat-soybean rotation

Soil and subsoil aluminium toxicity has been one of the main limiting factors for soybean and wheat yields in tropical soils. Usually liming is the most effective way to deal with soil acidity and Al toxicity, but in no-till systems the soil is not disturbed making it impossible to incorporate lime in the arable layer, and lime has been usually applied on the soil surface. In this paper soybean and wheat responses to lime applied on the soil surface and/or incorporated in the soil arable layer were evaluated during the transition from conventional tillage to a no-till system. The experiment was conducted for 3 years in Parana, Brazil, using a wheat-soybean rotation. Lime rates ranging from 0.0 to 9.0 t ha(-1) were incorporated down to 20 cm and 4.5 t ha(-1) were spread or not on the soil surface. Soil samples were taken down to 60 cm, 39 months after the first lime application. Soil chemical characteristics were affected by lime application down to 60 cm deep in the profile. Soybean responded to lime irrespective of application method, but the highest accumulated yield was obtained when lime was incorporated into the arable layer. For wheat, the more sensitive the cultivar, the greater was the response to lime. During the introduction of a no-till system, lime must be incorporated into the arable layer when the wheat cultivar is Al-sensitive. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Latin America and the Caribbean in the transition to a knowledge-based society: an agenda for public policy

Includes bibliography

The role of education in relation to employment problems

Includes bibliography

Chronic nicotine activates stress/reward-related brain regions and facilitates the transition to compulsive alcohol drinking

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Student Transition to College

In this action research study of recent graduates from my district, I investigated their level of readiness for college-level mathematics courses. I discovered that the students have a wide variety of experiences in college. There are many factors that determine success in college mathematics courses. These factors include size of college, private or public, university or community college. Other factors include students’ choice of major, maturity level, and work ethic. As a result of this research, I plan to raise the individual expectations in my classroom. It is our duty as high school educators to prepare the students for a wide variety of experiences in college. We cannot control where the students attend college or what they study. High schools need to prepare the students for all possibilities and ensure that they have a solid knowledge of the baseline mathematics skills.

Rounding of a first-order quantum phase transition to a strong-coupling critical point

We investigate the effects of quenched disorder on first-order quantum phase transitions on the example of the N-color quantum Ashkin-Teller model. By means of a strong-disorder renormalization group, we demonstrate that quenched disorder rounds the first-order quantum phase transition to a continuous one for both weak and strong coupling between the colors. In the strong-coupling case, we find a distinct type of infinite-randomness critical point characterized by additional internal degrees of freedom. We investigate its critical properties in detail and find stronger thermodynamic singularities than in the random transverse field Ising chain. We also discuss the implications for higher spatial dimensions as well as unusual aspects of our renormalization-group scheme. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.214204