1000 resultados para NCRF 11
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The seroprevalence and geographic distribution of HTLV-1/2 among blood donors are extremely important to transfusion services. We evaluated the seroprevalence of HTLV-1/2 infection among first-time blood donor candidates in Ribeirão Preto city and region. From January 2000 to December 2010, 1,038,489 blood donations were obtained and 301,470 were first-time blood donations. All samples were screened with serological tests for HTLV-1/2 using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). In addition, the frequency of coinfection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Chagas disease (CD) and syphilis was also determined. In-house PCR was used as confirmatory test for HTLV-1/2. A total of 296 (0.1%) first-time donors were serologically reactive for HTLV-1/2. Confirmatory PCR of 63 samples showed that 28 were HTLV-1 positive, 13 HTLV-2 positive, 19 negative and three indeterminate. Regarding HTLV coinfection rates, the most prevalent was with HBV (51.3%) and HCV (35.9%), but coinfection with HIV, CD and syphilis was also detected. The real number of HTLV-infected individual and coinfection rate in the population is underestimated and epidemiological studies like ours are very informative.
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Background: Approximately 5% of the population donates blood each year in developed countries. Recruiting and maintaining a pool of altruistic and healthy blood donors is a challenging task. Blood donation as a dynamic process must naturally co-exist with the arguably essential deferrals. Aims: To analyse a 11-year cohort of donors and blood donations in order to determine the profile of the average donor and the typical donation. Characterize the donor’s population in terms of gender, age, number of donations, most common causes for deferral and exclusion and the possible relationships between them. Establish the tendency flow of donations per year. Methods: Analysis of 95861 blood donations from 31550 donors collected between 2000 and 2010 (11 years) in the Immunohemotherapy Department of the ‘‘Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central - Hospital de Sa˜o Jose´’’ (Lisboa, Portugal). Prior to blood donation, donors were required to fill out a form of informed consent, a questionnaire of 21 ‘‘yes or no’’ questions and were submitted to a clinical assessment and physical examination including: measurement of weight, blood pressure, pulse and capillary hemoglobin levels. Post-donation, the collected blood was tested for ALT elevation and blood-borne viral agents (HBV, HCV, HIV 1 and 2 and HTLV 1 and 2) and other infections (Treponema pallidum). Blood donors and donations were registered in a database and statistically studied in terms of: gender and age distribution, number of donations, most common causes for deferral and exclusion. The frequency of blood donations throughout the period of observation was analyzed and statistically significant relationships between the collected variables were investigated. Results: From the population of 31550 donors 61% were male and a mean age of 41.5 years (± 12.5 years) was found. From the total of 95682 blood donations collected 78% were successful while the most common causes for deferral were: donation incompatible hemoglobin levels (5% of the blood donations and 22% of deferrals), ALT elevation (3% and 14%), positive blood screening test for Treponema pallidum (1% and 6%), medication (1% and 4%), positive serological blood markers for HBV (1% and 4%), endoscopy in the previous 12 months (1% and 3%), arterial hypertension (1% and 3%), infectious conditions (1% and 3%), influenza or influenza-like symptoms (1% and 2%) and positive serological blood markers for HCV (1% and 2%). Summary/Conclusions: Several factors may have contributed to a limited number of new regular donors in the population, namely: ageing population, the alienation of the individual from the community induced by modern lifestyles and job precariousness. It is of the utmost importance to refine our blood donation campaigns according to the existing population of donors. The optimization of the blood donation potential of a population of donors must be achieved through the development of reliable and consistent screening methods. In order to appeal to new donors it is important to promote blood donations considering the profile of the regular and healthy blood donor of the existing population.
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Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) has a high incidence and recurrence, therefore, treatment is empirical in the majority of cases. Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the urine cultures performed at a secondary hospital, during two periods, 2005-2006 and 2010-2011, and to estimate the microbial resistance. Patients and methods: We analyzed 11,943 aerobic urine cultures according to basic demographic data and susceptibility to antibiotics in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) for Vitek 1 and 2. Results: Most of our cohort consisted of young adult females that were seen at the Emergency Department. E. coli was the most frequent (70.2%) among the 75 species isolated. Resistance of all isolates was ≥ 20% for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), norfloxacin, nitrofurantoin, cefazolin and nalidixic acid. Although E. coli was more susceptible (resistance ≥ 20% for TMP/SMX and nalidixic acid) among all of the isolates, when classified by the number and percentage of antibiotic resistance. Global resistance to fluoroquinolones was approximately 12%. Risk factors for E. coli were female gender and an age less than 65 years. Men and patients older than 65 years of age, presented more resistant isolates. Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) were identified in 173 out of 5,722 Gram-negative isolates (3.0%) between 2010 and 2011. Conclusion: E. coli was the most frequent microbe isolated in the urine cultures analyzed in this study. There was a significant evolution of bacterial resistance between the two periods studied. In particular, the rise of bacterial resistance to fluoroquinolones was concerning.
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Os A. A. apresentam 11 casos de rinosporidiose nasal, cujos aspectos clínicos, anatomo-patológicos e epidemiológicos são analisados. Os pacientes - um negro, um branco e nove de cor parda, todos rurícolas - tinham de 6 a 33 anos. Nove eram áo sexo masculino. O tempo de evolução da doença variou de três meses a quatro anos e havia um caso com três recidivas. A grande maioria era proveniente do Maranhão.
Encontro técnico-científico de combate à malária: Porto velho, Rondônia, 11 a 14 de setembro de 1989
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Trezentas e oitenta e cinco amostras fecais provenientes de crianças na faixa etária de até 11 anos, sem sintomatologia de diarréia, foram estudadas objetivando-se a detecção de rotavirus. Desta amostragem, 268foram obtidas de crianças habitantes de creches e 117 de crianças atendidas no ambulatório do Hospital Lúcio Rebelo de Goiânia-Goiás. Todas as amostrasforam analisadas através da técnica de eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida (EGPA- SDS), e 89 foram também analisadas pelo ensaio imunoenzimático adaptado para rotavirus e adenovirus (E1ARA). Rotavirus e adenovirus só foram detectados nas crianças atendidas no ambulatório, num percentual de 1,7% e 1,6% respectivamente, não havendo nenhuma positividade nas crianças de creches. Ambos os vírus ocorrerarh na faixa etária de 1 a 2 anos.
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Tese a apresentar para o cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em Linguística – Especialidade de Lexicologia, Lexicografia e Terminologia
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Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Genética Molecular e Biomedicina
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O fim da Guerra Fria e em particular os ataques terroristas de 11 de Setembro de 2001 foram importantes aceleradores de um constante (e já longo) processo de crescente securitização das fronteiras e migrações nos EUA, que por sua vez teve impacto na forma como as elites políticas norte-americanas conceberam a identidade nacional do país, ancorada na ideologia da excecionalidade da experiência e do destino americanos e associada a uma posição dirigente do país nos assuntos externos, o excecionalismo americano. As migrações internacionais são relevantes neste contexto porque expõem a tensão inerente entre a necessidade dos Estados-nação protegerem o seu território e a sua população e a impossibilidade fazer esse controlo de forma perfeita, em especial num mundo globalizado; e as dificuldades em manter uma identidade nacional homogénea quando se partilha a comunidade política com membros que à mesma são alheios/estrangeiros (imigrantes). Esta dissertação analisa as relações entre o excecionalismo americano como visão do mundo primacial para a conceção de identidade das elites políticas americanas e a crescente securitização das migrações no período pós-11 de Setembro de 2001, em especial até 2013. A análise empírica centra-se numa análise crítica do discurso (recorrendo à abordagem discursivo-histórica da Escola linguística de Viena) de textos com caráter discursivo criados pelos dois Presidentes (George W. Bush e Barack Obama) e utilizando-os como base para uma discussão acerca das formas como as narrativas securitizadoras foram justificadas pelos atores políticos norte-americanos e se o excecionalismo americano continua o paradigma através do qual essas elites veem o mundo e segundo o qual alinham as suas posições nos recorrentes debates públicos sobre as políticas de segurança e de imigração dos EUA. No fim da dissertação, concluir-se-á que a securitização das fronteiras e migrações foi e continua a ser justificada por narrativas excecionalistas, o que favorecerá a sua permanência e crescimento ao longo dos próximos anos. Ainda assim, a continuada existência de proponentes de visões alternativas à dominante e o carácter fluído do conceito de excecionalismo podem eventualmente permitir uma inversão de curso no futuro que favoreça o fortalecimento da liberdade e dos direitos cívicos nos EUA.
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Of eleven proteins analyzed in four Amazonian populations, the esterases showed the greatest variation, with five activity zones. EST1, EST2 and EST5 showed variation in each of the populations studied. EST1 and EST2 are each controlled by two, and EST5 by four, codomi-nant alleles. LAP presented six activity zones, with codominant variation in LAP5and LAP6.oc—GPDH was monomorphic with one activity band on starch gel and two on polyacrylamide gel. 1DH presented two activity zones, with variation in the IDHl region. PGM had a single activity zone, with variation in all populations. The Ariquemes populations showed five alleles and the other populations three, all of then codominant. Three activity zones with two codominant alleles were observed for ODH. Aldehyde Oxidase showed two activity zones, with variation in AOl only in the Ariquemes and Porto Velho/Samuel populations. 6-PGDH showed only one activity zone and variation only in the Ariquemes population. The remaing systems - XDH, G-6-PDH and GDH. was monomorphic.
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Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ensino de Matemática no 3.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário
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Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ensino de Biologia e Geologia no 3.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário
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Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ensino de Biologia e de Geologia no 3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário
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Dissertação de mestrado em Direitos Humanos