Compostos funcionais em genótipos de banana.

Muito se tem propagado sobre os benefícios que uma dieta alimentar diversificada pode provocar na saúde da população. Entre estes alimentos, podemos destacar as frutas, cujo consumo tem aumentado principalmente em decorrência do seu valor nutritivo e seus efeitos terapêuticos. Vários estudos têm demonstrado que estes alimentos contêm diferentes fitoquímicos, muitos dos quais possuem propriedades antioxidantes que podem estar relacionadas com o retardo do envelhecimento e a prevenção de certas doenças,entre elas alguns tipos de câncer (Wang et al.,1997). Devido às suas particularidades, em especial seu baixo custo, a banana é consumida por todas as classes sociais colocando-a como destaque entre as frutas, em relação ao seu potencial como alimento funcional e ou nutracêutico.

Vitamina C, caratenóides, compostos fenólicos e atividade antioxidante em genótipos de banana.

A banana é um alimento altamente energético (cerca de 100 calorias por 100g de polpa), cujos hidratos de carbono (em torno de 22%) são facilmente assimiláveis. Contém vitaminas C, A, B1 e B2, e pequenas quantidades de vitamina D, e uma maior percentagem de potássio, fósforo, cálcio e ferro, quando comparada com a maçã ou laranja (DE MARTINI et al., 1990).

Aceitabilidade de bananadas elaboradas com variedades de banana resistentes à Sigatoka-negra.

O processamento da banana na forma de balas, doces de corte, doce cremosos e mariolas é um dos segmentos mais importantes da agroindústria no Brasil. É um produto típico do mercado interno, sendo a maior parte da produção elaborada de forma artesanal em quase todas as regiões do país.

Estudo de caso ? Construção da Árvore de Conhecimento da Banana a partir dos Sistemas de Produção.

O presente estudo foi gerado a partir da análise dos Sistemas de Produção (SPs) on line do produto banana disponíveis no portal Embrapa.

Avaliação da vida de prateleira de frutos da cultivar de banana Fhia 18, nas condições de Manaus.

Critérios para determinar o ponto de colheita de bananas. Visual. Número de dias após o lançamento da inflorescência. Época de colheita da Fhia 18.

Cuidados na pós-colheita da banana: garantia de qualidade.

Cuidados para minimizar as perdas durante o transporte da banana. Procedimento para comercialização em pencas.

Colheita correta da banana: ganhos para o produtor e o consumidor.

Critérios de colheita recomendados. Número de dias após o lançamento da inflorescência. Angulosidade e enchimento dos frutos. Como colher. Cultivares de porte alto: Thap maeo, Caipira, Prata Zulu, Prata Caprichosa, Prata Garantida, Prata Ken e Pelipita. Cultivares de portes médio e baixo: Fhia 18 e Fhia 1.

BRS Conquista: nova cultivar de bananeira para o agronegócio da banana no Brasil.

A Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental, preocupada principalmente com pequenos e médios produtores vem, desde 1998, avaliando e selecionando cultivares de bananeira que apresentam resistência múltipla às principais doenças da cultura e boas características agronômicas e econômicas.

CUIDADOS na pós-colheita da banana - programa 43.

2009

Boas práticas agrícolas no cultivo da banana na comunidade do Faraó, município de Cachoeiras de Macacu, Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

A banana (Musa spp.) é atualmente um dos produtos agrícola mais importante do município de Cachoeiras de Macacu, RJ. Nesse município, a localidade de Faraó, situada na microbacia do rio Batatal, figura entre as principais produtoras de banana. O objetivo do presente documento é apresentar os resultados do diagnóstico realizado na localidade de Faraó a fim de identificar as Boas Práticas Agrícolas (BPA) necessárias para a produção local de banana. Foi utilizada uma metodologia participativa para a identificação das principais práticas agrícolas, das fraquezas e das potencialidades dos sistemas de produção adotados. Como resultado, foi possível indicar as melhores práticas agrícolas passíveis de serem adotadas pelos agricultores, dentre as quais se destacam o plantio em nível, a análise de solos, o maior aporte de nutrientes e matéria orgânica no solo, os cuidados fitossanitários e os cuidados especiais no momento da colheita e pós-colheita.

Microbial enzyme production utilizing banana wastes

A critical survey of the fruits and vegetable markets of the towns and cities in South India reveals that banana fruit stalk wastes share a dominant proportion among the solid wastes generated. In the light of the review of literature presented in the foregoing section, few reports are available on the utilisation of banana waste for the production of alcoholic beverages, biogas, and single cell protein. However, it is not yet tried for the production of industrial enzymes. Moreover, preliminary fermentation studies conducted under uncontrolled conditions revealed that banana fruit stalk could be aptly utilised as solid substrate? for the industrial production of microbial amylases and cellulases at a cheaper cost. Therefore, it was proposed to conduct a detailed study towards the development of a suitable fermentation process for the production of industrial enzymes using banana fruit stalk wastes, which is rich in carbohydrate, as solid substrate, employing bacteria, under SSF.

Banana waste as substrate for a-amylase production by Bacillus subtilis (CBTK 106) under solid-state fermentation

Bacillus subtilis CBTK 106, isolated from banana wastes, produced high titres of a-amylase when banana fruit stalk was used as substrate in a solid-state fermentation system. The e¤ects of initial moisture content, particle size, cooking time and temperature, pH, incubation temperature, additional nutrients, inoculum size and incubation period on the production of a- amylase were characterised. A maximum yield of 5 345 000 U mg~1 min~1 was recorded when pretreated banana fruit stalk (autoclaved at 121 ¡C for 60 min) was used as substrate with 70% initial moisture content, 400 lm particle size, an initial pH of 7.0, a temperature of 35 ¡C, and additional nutrients (ammonium sulphate/sodium nitrate at 1.0%, beef extract/peptone at 0.5%, glucose/sucrose/starch/maltose at 0.1% and potassium chloride/sodium chloride at 1.0%) in the medium, with an inoculum-to-substrate ratio of 10% (v/w) for 24 h. The enzyme yield was 2.65-fold higher with banana fruit stalk medium compared to wheat bran

Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Banana (Musa AAA cv. Malindi) in Oman

The Sultanate of Oman is located on the south-eastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, which lies on the south-western tip of the Asian continent. The strategic geographical locations of the Sultanate with its many maritime ports distributed on the Indian Ocean have historically made it one of the Arabian Peninsula leaders in the international maritime trade sector. Intensive trading relationships over long time periods have contributed to the high plant diversity seen in Oman where agricultural production depends entirely on irrigation from groundwater sources. As a consequence of the expansion of the irrigated area, groundwater depletion has increased, leading to the intrusion of seawater into freshwater aquifers. This phenomenon has caused water and soil salinity problems in large parts of the Al-Batinah governorate of Oman and threatens cultivated crops, including banana (Musa spp.). According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, the majority of South Al-Batinah farms are affected by salinity (ECe > 4 dS m-1). As no alternative farmland is available, the reclamation of salt-affected soils using simple cultural practices is of paramount importance, but in Oman little scientific research has been conducted to develop such methods of reclamation. This doctoral study was initiated to help filling this research gap, particularly for bananas. A literature review of the banana cultivation history revealed that the banana germplasm on the Arabian Peninsula is probably introduced from Indonesia and India via maritime routes across the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. In a second part of this dissertation, two experiments are described. A laboratory trial conducted at the University of Kassel, in Witzenhausen, Germany from June to July 2010. This incubation experiment was done to explore how C and N mineralization of composted dairy manure and date palm straw differed in alkaline non-saline and saline soils. Each soil was amended with four organic fertilizers: 1) composted dairy manure, 2) manure + 10% date palm straw, 3) manure + 30% date palm straw or 4) date palm straw alone, in addition to un-amended soils as control. The results showed that the saline soil had a lower soil organic C content and microbial biomass C than the non-saline soil. This led to lower mineralization rates of manure and date palm straw in the saline soil. In the non-saline soil, the application of manure and straw resulted in significant increases of CO2 emissions, equivalent to 2.5 and 30% of the added C, respectively. In the non-amended control treatment of the saline soil, the sum of CO2-C reached only 55% of the soil organic C in comparison with the non-saline soil. In which 66% of the added manure and 75% of the added straw were emitted, assuming that no interactions occurred between soil organic C, manure C and straw C during microbial decomposition. The application of straw always led to a net N immobilization compared to the control. Salinity had no specific effect on N mineralization as indicated by the CO2-C to Nmin ratio of soil organic matter and manure. However, N immobilization was markedly stronger in the saline soil. Date palm straw strongly promoted saprotrophic fungi in contrast to manure and the combined application of manure and date palm straw had synergistic positive effects on soil microorganisms. In the last week of incubation, net-N mineralization was observed in nearly all treatments. The strongest increase in microbial biomass C was observed in the manure + straw treatment. In both soils, manure had no effect on the fungi-specific membrane component ergosterol. In contrast, the application of straw resulted in strong increases of the ergosterol content. A field experiment was conducted on two adjacent fields at the Agricultural Research Station, Rumais (23°41’15” N, 57°59’1” E) in the South of Al-Batinah Plain in Oman from October 2007 to July 2009. In this experiment, the effects of 24 soil and fertilizer treatments on the growth and productivity of Musa AAA cv. 'Malindi' were evaluated. The treatments consisted of two soil types (saline and amended non-saline), two fertilizer application methods (mixed and ring applied), six fertilizer amendments (1: fresh dairy manure, 2: composted dairy manure, 3: composted dairy manure and 10% date palm straw, 4: composted dairy manure and 30% date palm straw, 5: only NPK, and 6: NPK and micronutrients). Sandy loam soil was imported from another part of Oman to amended the soil in the planting holes and create non-saline conditions in the root-zone. The results indicate that replacing the saline soil in the root zone by non-saline soil improved plant growth and yield more than fertilizer amendments or application methods. Particularly those plants on amended soil where NPK was applied using the ring method and which received micronutrients grew significantly faster to harvest (339 days), had a higher average bunch weight (9.5 kg/bunch) and were consequently more productive (10.6 tonnes/hectare/cycle) compared to the other treatments.