999 resultados para Portos - Competitividade


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Trabalho de Projeto apresentado como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Estatística e Gestão de Informação

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

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Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial

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Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Tecnologia e Segurança Alimentar

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial

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Dissertação elaborada para a obtenção do grau de doutor no ramo de Geografia e Planeamento Regional, especialidade de Planeamento e Gestão do Território

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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais – Globalização e Ambiente

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Biomédica

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From 1995 to 2010 Portugal has accumulated a negative international asset position of 110 percent of GDP. In a developed and aging economy the number is astonishing and any argument to consider it sustainable must rely on extremely favorable forecasts on growth. Portuguese policy options are reduced in number: no autonomous monetary policy, no currency to devaluate, and limited discretion in changing fiscal deficits and government debt. To start the necessary deleveraging a remaining possible policy is a budget-neutral change of the tax structure that increases private saving and net exports. An increase in the VAT and a decrease in the employer’s social security contribution tax can achieve the desired outcome in the short run if they are complemented with wage moderation. To obtain a substantial improvement in competitiveness and a large decrease in consumption, the changes in the tax rates have to be large. While a precise quantitative assessment is difficult, the initial increase in the effective VAT rate needed to allow the social security tax to decrease by 16 percentage points (pp) is approximately 10 pp. Such a large increase in the effective VAT rate could be obtained by raising most of the reduced VAT rates to the new general VAT rate of 23 percent. The empirical analysis shows that over time the suggested tax swap could generate surpluses and improve the trade balance. A temporary version of the suggested tax-swap has the attractiveness to achieve a sharper increase in the private saving rate maintaining the short run gains in competitiveness. Finally, the temporary version of the fiscal devaluation could be the basis for an automatic stabilizer to external imbalances within a monetary union.Portugal has been running large current account deficits every year since 1995. These deficits have accumulated to an astonishing 110 percent of GDP negative external asset position. The sustainability of such a large external position is questionable and must rely on fantastic productivity growth expectations. The recent global financial crisis appears to have anticipated the international investors reality check on those future expectations with the result of a large increase in the cost of external financing. Today the rebalancing of the current account through an increase in national savings and an improvement in competitiveness must be at the top of the Portuguese authorities “to do” list as the cost of a pull out from international investors is of the order of 10% of GDP. The external rebalancing is difficult as the degrees of freedom of the Portuguese authorities are limited in number: they have no autonomous monetary policy, no currency to devaluate, and little discretion in fiscal policy as deficit limits and debt targets are set by the Stability Growth Pact and the postcrisis consensus on medium-term fiscal consolidation. One possibility that remains is to change the fiscal policy mix for a given budget deficit. The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of a “fiscal devaluation”1 obtained through a tax swap between employers’ social security contributions and taxes on consumption2. The paper begins by illustrating Portugal’s current account evolution during the euro period. The second section section lays out a model to offer a qualitative assessment of the dynamic outcomes of the the tax swap. I show that the suggested tax swap can in theory achieve the desired outcomes in terms of competitiveness and consumption if complemented with moderation (stickiness) in wages. I also study the effects of a temporary version of the tax swap and show that it achieves a sharper improvement in the current account that accelerate the rebalancing. The third section moves to the empirical analysis and estimates the likely effects of the tax swap for the Portuguese economy. The fourth section concludes.

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil – Perfil de Estruturas

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Industrial

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Marques, B.P. (2013) "Os Municípios e as Entidades Metropolitanas no Desenvolvimento Local e Regional: Análise Comparativa entre as Áreas Metropolitanas de Lisboa e Barcelona", in Atas do IX Congresso da Geografia Portuguesa, ApGeo e UÉvora, Évora, pp. 640-645, ISBN 978-972-99436-6-9

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MARQUES, B.P. (2011) "O Planeamento Estratégico Territorial como um Instrumento de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Local e Regional. Algumas reflexões no âmbito do Trabalho de Projecto de Mestrado", in Atas do VIII Congresso da Geografia Portuguesa, Lisboa, 6 páginas, ISBN 978-972-99436-4-5.

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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Gestão do Território variante de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica e Detecção Remota