Integrated educational opportunities in the Universal Museum: five ways forward

Whatever the other characteristics of the universal museum, education must be one of its core functions. That is, education both of regular visitors and those who are not but who are members of the local, regional or national communities served by the museum. In this sense, universal refers to making the museum accessible to all: accessible physically and intellectually. This relates to what I mean by education. It is far broader than what takes place between teachers and pupils in a formal setting. Education is also about providing environments where people will be inspired or provoked to know, to question. To reflect about themselves and the wider human and natural world. A universal museum should be a great facilitator of these learning processes. In this paper I shall focus on five ways in which there can be integration of educational opportunities in the universal museum. For examples to illustrate these themes I shall draw on practices in a small sample of museums in Europe and the USA.

Estudo das associações significativas e fortes dos acidentes de trabalho com o efetivo laboral e com as horas trabalhadas

O presente artigo teve como base uma aula de mestrado, em laboratório de estatística, para posterior conceção de um artigo científico, em grupo, em 4 horas. Teve como objeto de estudo a variação dos acidentes de trabalho com o efetivo laboral, com as horas trabalhadas, com a duração média da jornada de trabalho. O objetivo científico foi pesquisar correlações entre variáveis. O objetivo didático foi demonstrar os passos do método científico e o objetivo pedagógico foi quebrar preconceitos sobre a dificuldade de produzir trabalho científico. Partindo de uma sumária revisão da literatura, colocaram-se hipóteses de investigação e prosseguiu-se para tratamento estatístico inferencial sobre os dados dos acidentes de trabalho com baixa médica, do efetivo médio laboral, das horas trabalhadas e da duração da jornada média de trabalho, de uma grande empresa, durante 20 anos consecutivos. Os resultados revelaram uma associação direta, estatisticamente significativa e forte, dos acidentes de trabalho às horas trabalhadas e ao efetivo. No caso da associação dos acidentes à duração média da jornada de trabalho, a associação é estatisticamente significativa, mas de intensidade moderada. Este ensaio permitiu também intrapolar e extrapolar, com reservas, os acidentes esperados em função de uma dada carga de trabalho. As competências desenvolvidas neste trabalho revelaram-se úteis para a produção de conhecimento científico, em geral, e para gestão da prevenção dos riscos laborais, em particular. / This article was based on a master class, in statistical laboratory, of 4 hours, for subsequent group production of a scientific paper. The object of study was the variation of occupational accidents with number of employees and with hours worked, as well as with the average duration of the workday. The scientific objective has been researching correlations between variables. The learning objective was to demonstrate the steps of the scientific method, and the educational objective was to break down prejudices about the difficulty of making scientific research. Starting from a brief literature review on the subject, research hypotheses were formulated. Then, it was done inferential statistics of data regarding occupational accidents with sick leave, average number of employees, hours worked per year, and average duration of the workday, of a large enterprise, during 20 years in a row. Results revealed that there is statistically significant and strong direct association between occupational accidents and hours worked, as well as between occupational accidents and number of employees. In the case of the association of accidents to the average duration of the workday, identical data analysis revealed this association is statistically significant, but of moderate intensity. This essay also enabled to interpolate and extrapolate, with proper caution, the accidents expected to occur in a given workload. The skills developed from this research proved to be useful to create scientific knowledge, as well as to manage labour risk prevention.

Facilitating educational integration of the hearing-impaired child: a proposed integration program for Central Institute for the Deaf

This paper discusses mainstreaming for the hearing impaired.

The influence of various types of question forms and test directions on the educational achievement of deaf and hearing children

This paper is a review of educational achievement tests and their suitability for hearing impaired children.

A comparison of social-emotional patterns of day versus residential students enrolled in an oral educational setting

This paper reviews a study of CID students and their scores on the Meadow-Kendall Social-Emotional Assessment Inventory test (SEAI).

An educational curriculum outline for teaching sound and hearing in elementary schools

This paper provides curriculum on noise, ears, hearing and deafness for elementary school children.

Creating a parent workshop that encompasses and meets the educational desires for parents of children with hearing impairments being taught in an oral deaf education program

The purpose of this study was to create a parent workshop that was developed around the parents’ educational needs. The workshop demonstrated that the parents’ educational needs can be met through a workshop that is based on those needs and takes into consideration factors that will encourage parent involvement.

A set of lectures concerning an educational approach towards the young hearing impaired child

This paper is a review of educational approaches for young hearing impaired children in South Africa.

Social integration or social alienation: A look at the social functioning of oral deaf teenagers in the mainstream educational setting

The purpose of this literature review was to determine the social functioning of oral deaf adolescents in the mainstream educational setting.

Cytomegalovirus: Educational outcomes and implications for newborn screening

The focus of this study was to review existing literature and analyze a survey of professional opinion regarding how children with hearing loss caused by congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) function audiologically and educationally. This study proposes a benefit for adding CMV screening to the battery of tests included in the newborn screening protocol to improve educational outcomes of children deafened from CMV.

Promoting the health of marginalized populations in Ecuador through international collaboration and educational innovations

This paper examines two innovative educational initiatives for the Ecuadorian public health workforce: a Canadian-funded Masters programme in ecosystem approaches to health that focuses on building capacity to manage environmental health risks sustainably; and the training of Ecuadorians at the Latin American School of Medicine in Cuba (known as Escuela Latinoamericana de Medicina in Spanish). We apply a typology for analysing how training programmes address the needs of marginalized populations and build capacity for addressing health determinants. We highlight some ways we can learn from such training programmes with particular regard to lessons, barriers and opportunities for their sustainability at the local, national and international levels and for pursuing similar initiatives in other countries and contexts. We conclude that educational efforts focused on the challenges of marginalization and the determinants of health require explicit attention not only to the knowledge, attitudes and skills of graduates but also on effectively engaging the health settings and systems that will reinforce the establishment and retention of capacity in low- and middle-income settings where this is most needed.