Famílias privadas de liberdade: a saga da violência vivenciada por adolescentes que trilham os áridos caminhos da criminalidade

This paper has as its main focus the relation between the infringement act and the adolescents families social economical problematic, who obey the social educational deprivation of freedom at CEDUC in the district of Pitimbu RN, establishing in the theme Children and Adolescents, with the objective of showing how these families breed in the social economical and cultural political aspect. It also seizes who those adolescents are and their family members in their social aspect and as those families face their daily activities. The focus on the social matter, family, adolescent, infringement act, exclusion, inclusion formed the analysis categories which made myths and reality possible, taking into consideration the infringement act in our society. The data collection showed that those families conditions of life are of poverty. Families originated from low social classes, 62.5 % coming from the countryside and living with a daily income ranging from R$ 0,31 to R$ 8,31. Their level of education is low; there is lack of human and citizenship rights and no professional qualification whatsoever. It questions the degrading social exclusion suffered by millions of Brazilian people due to social, political and infringement economical problems. Has this favored the infringement practice? How to confirm the families lack of competence having the social vulnerability? Are the Public Political Institutions really performing the way they should? Are they really carrying out their role as they should? We have noticed that from then on, the necessity of understanding the exclusion/inclusion suffered not only in an imprecise and empty way, but understood as processes of integrative exclusion or ways of delinquency, where the excluding is not only the only one who has lack of material care but the one who is seen or recognized as a person, is not being treated as one. The effort of this paper provided an approach to our object, and the seizing of a close relation between the infringement act and the exclusion process or inclusion suffered, which are submitted to families of those adolescents who deprive of freedom

A Construção/reconstrução das competências profissionais do assistente social diante da gestão do serviço social da indústria SESI a partir dos anos 90

L´étude du processus de construction / reconstruction des compétences de l´assistant social sous la gestion du SESI (Service Social de l´ Industrie), Natal/RN, dès la moitié des années 90 a réaffirmer la perspective que ce processus est le résultat de déterminations macrosociétaires qui sont présents, particulièrement au Brésil, aussi que, la façon par laquelle l´assistant social, le professionnel inscrit dans la division sociale et technique du travail, fait développer son perfectionement technique et intelectuel dans un milieu de nouvelles structures productives qui éxigent un nouveau profil du professionnel face à la crise du capital et de l´État. Cette recherche, de nature qualitative et quantitative, a eu lieu par de combinaisons de recherche bibliographique et empirique. Les sujets ont été huit assistants sociaux et six travailleurs administratifs du SESI, Natal/RN. Les donnés ont été obtenus par des interviews semi-structrées. On a analisé les changements qui sont arrivés dans les gestions du SESI et les compétences qui sont éxigées de l´assistant social ; l´influence du milieu socio-occupationel sur l´action professionnelle et sur le processus de construction/reconstruction de compétences; l´agrandissement de demandes institutionnelles pour l´assistant social par rapport à la prestation de services ; aussi que la constatation de l´importance de ce professionnel, sa hardiesse, mais aussi quelques limites et défis affrontés face à la qualification stimulé par le SESI, en amenant le professionnel dans un processus contradictoire de qualification et disqualification professionelle

O trabalho dos assistentes sociais nos hospitais universitários Onofre Lopes (HUOL) e Hospital Ana Bezerra (HUAB) da UFRN: os desafios da formação permanente

This paper discusses the process of training social workers in the environment of University Hospitals- UH s. These hospitals provide space for professional education aiming to achieve a critical and purposeful professional performance. As environments for training, producing knowledge and providing essential services to the public, these hospitals require all members of the healthcare team to have a continued education. Understanding that training has to be a priority and conceived as constant pursuit for update through the interaction of Teaching, Researching and EPO ( Education and Public Outreach). These dimensions provide approximations and domain of theoretical and methodological, giving special importance to understanding the social reality, a sine qua non condition to the work of the Social Service professional. The main goal of the research was to comprehend how the continuous professional education of the social worker occurs and it s relation with the articulations involving Teaching, Researching and EPO, as significant elements for the job of the social workers in the Hospital Universitário Ana Bezerra and Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes/UFRN. The research was conducted through a literature review, documentary and field inquiries with semistructured interviews including the group of 09 (nine) social workers from the aforementioned hospitals, taking as a reference the quantitative and qualitative approach to analyze mediations that stand between the subject and the social context. The results indicate that social workers in these university hospitals have their insertion beyond the care provided to patients in performance in the areas of education through preceptorship to undergraduate students and social work residents in and extension projects with low insertion in area of research. We note that there is a recognition of the importance of a continuous education, indicating that the qualification of social worker is essential in transforming their daily professional practice to better monitor, critically explain the peculiarities of public health in its everyday showing of how unequally access is provided to the users of the public health system

O elo entre o serviço social e o judiciário: demandas, desafios e contribuições na defesa de Direitos

Unveiling the link between the Social Services and the Judiciary is the object of this work, since the judiciary is constituted as one of the socio-occupational areas of the profession in the sphere of the state, seize the demands placed on professionals which work becomes relevant , considering that these are embody the multiple expressions of social issues, constituting a challenge to social work, while influencing the contributions that the profession has engendered in the defense and expansion rights. It constitutes an analysis from the standpoint of theoretical and methodological basis Qualiquantitative taking for granted the rights violations against children and adolescents in their social, legal and historical guide to the topic. For this we used a theoretical Marxist Behring (2009), Colman (2008), Faleiros (2205), Faria (1999, 2001), Fávaro (2007, 2008), Iamamoto (1985, 1992, 2002, 2006, 2007) Yazbek, Marx (1983), Netto (1994), Nicholas (1984), Pequeno (2009), Rizinni (1997, 2008), Santos (2009), Sales (2006), Telles (1999), Tonet (2009), among others. Besides literature, empirical research conducted through semi-structured interviews using a script and written records and systematic observation / free during interviews. The subjects were 06 social workers from the area of the judiciary to act on Justice for Children and Youth, Family Court and NOADE in Natal / RN. The research aims to analyze the demands and challenges of Social Services and their contribution in ensuring and enforcing rights in courts nowadays. The route established between knowledge and method involves conceptual analysis on the Judiciary, Social Services, and Child and Adolescent Rights. Seize-up in this study the existing contradictions in confronting the multiple expressions of social issues in the context of the judiciary. The research allowed us to identify relevant aspects regarding the challenges and demands placed Social Service; limits on defense and expansion of their rights and contradictions within sociojurídico. For being one of the judiciary institutions that comprise the system warranty rights, social workers also face difficulties in implementing the professional doing since the ills posed by current sociability capital focus in everyday spaces socio-occupational presented here. On the other hand, is commendable acting those protagonists who believe, defend and contribute to the defense and expansion rights

A articulação da instrumentalidade no exercício profissional do assistente social em Natal/RN

Presents the discussion of practical and social dimensions that comprise the instrumentality (formative; theoretical and intellectual; investigative; technical-instrumental; and ethical-political) Social Work from research in social and occupational areas in which they operate social workers in Natal in Rio Grande do Norte. Chapters expose positions, experiences and reality of the respondents and the theoretical constructs and analytical, to understand: the evaluation of the training process, relating the teaching practice, the role of knowledge and the importance of research in professional practice of social workers, the seizure of technical-instrumental dimension, articulating demands, duties, powers and instruments, as elements that comprise it, and finally the ethical-political dimension, discussing the challenges of ethics and materialization of the ethical-political in daily work. In this sense, the dissertation sought add to production and academic debate about the work of the social worker, as well as contribute to their own professional practice, revealing how professionals articulate the practical and social dimensions that comprise the instrumentality in their daily work

Serviço social na educação: análise das tendencias dos perfis pedagógicos do assistente social

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

O Serviço Social e a exclusão/inclusão social dos portadores de HIV/AIDS :demandas e desafios nos hospitais públicos

This research presents the labors developed by the Social Service unto socially excluded HIV/Aids positives at public hospitals in Rio Grande do Norte (RN). It purposes to identify and to analyze the demands brought by the holder onto the Social Service professional as well as the challenges the latter face to minister to the former. It privileges, from the methodological viewpoint, the qualitative and quantitative analysis with the application of questionnaires, direct observation, semi-structured interviews and bibliographic references. Data were collected from 12 (twelve) social assistants who work at Giselda Trigueiro Hospital in Natal (7) and Rafael Fernandes Hospital in Mossoró (5). The central hypothesis that guided this study is that the social inclusion/exclusion process experienced by the HIV/Aids positive on society implies a demand for the Social Service that is inserted in the public health context (specially in HIV-referred public hospitals), whose agents, however, when attempting to answer those demands, meet obstacles due to both the precariousness of public health services and the social complexity that concerns the HIV/Aids epidemic. Results point out that, de facto, the HIV/Aids epidemic, because of the social exclusion/inclusion process to which the holder is subject results a demand for the social agents at hospitals. Demands rise principally from the patient s life condition, considering the increasing pauperization in the epidemic context. As to what it is concerned, social assistants, responding to the needs, come across concrete twofold challenges: the illness in itself, for all social, negative aspects that make part of quotidian life of holders; and the precarious state of the public health service in RN State, since that working conditions are unsatisfactory

O Benefício da Prestação Continuada BCP: as condições de vida dos usuários no Município de Macau/RN

This rescearch comprises a study of the life condictions of the users of the Continuous Installment Allowance in the city of Macau, RN. This benefit has been predicted by the Federal 1988 Constitution and regulated by the Social Assistance Organic Law (LOAS), but it has been carried out only since january 1996. It consists of an amount of half a minimum salary given to old-age and handicapped peoplewhose families mathch the per capita income criterion of less than 0,25 minimum salary. It is a least-income policy relud by the principle of the smallest elegibility. The study focused on aged or handicapped people who were receiving the BPC from 1996 to 2004. Through a quatitative analysis, the life reality of these users has been critically examined. In order to achieve this, it has been necessary to trace their social and economical profile. The research revealed the precarious life conditions of the aged and handicapeed people after they were given the BPC, as well as their interpretation of this politcal directive, and also the need for revision of the eligibility criteria so that a public policy of integral service to the basic needs of the social being can be accomplished

Adolescentes em conflito com a lei: a saga das punições na rota da exclusão social

This work deals with the problematic of the determinations that contribute to become the adolescents involved with law. Thus, in this research, the social exclusion is apprehended as one of the most important determining to understand this problematic, once we defend that it is part of the trajectory of this adolescent's life since its birth as a punishment that starts before they becoming envolved in act's that break the law. It is still questioned the discussion of the reduction of the penal age, viewed aa a proposal that will contribute to perpetuate the repression. The objectives of the research were: analyze the problematic of adolescents in conflict with law, where social exclusion is seen here as a main category. The research also aims to understand the situation towards social exclusion and that this public is undertaken in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, more specifically in Natal. This is dane through analysis of the profile of adolescents that are submitted to the treatment at Centro Integrate de Atendimento ao Adolescente Acusado de Ato Infracional - CIAD in 2005. This is dane on arder to identify of the State's and society's actions towards this issue, how it has prevailed in analyzing if there is punishing or social protection. The research also contributed with discussion towards the non penal reduction of for underage minors. The approach realized if of qualiquantitative nature. The research was realized with 190 male adolescent subjects, age ranging from 12 to 21 that were interns at CIAD in the year of 2005. The research shows that their fundamental rights (education, health, amongst others) are disrespected on a daily basis by the State. The State prioritizes economic issues, making social inequality more profound. The main argument is that this problematic has its main oring in the social exclusion and it is imposed to the adolescents as a punishment before thes have been involved with the law going on top of the social protection. When the adolescent goes from being the victim to executioner, the Statute of Children and Adolescents is questioned by many sectors that defend the reduction of penal minority as a solution to reduce the country's violence. Thus, it was aimed here to discuss arguments that point to non exclusion, discrimination and repression. It is proposed that the State should assume children and adolescents as a priority, implementing what the statute establishes as well as assures related to the fruition of denied rights as a way to prevent their future involvement with violence

O papel da integração regional para o Brasil: universalismo, soberania e percepção das elites

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o significado do Mercosul para a política exterior do Brasil. Para isso, discutiremos as percepções das elites brasileiras em relação ao processo de integração regional. A defesa do princípio da intergovernamentalidade está ligada à concepção do lugar do Mercosul nas relações internacionais do país. A grande valorização de princípios como o do universalismo e o de soberania acaba afetando o aprofundamento da integração. A hipótese deste trabalho é que a estrutura do Mercosul seria condizente com as percepções de parte das elites brasileiras. Argumentaremos que a estrutura atual é insuficiente para garantir a dinâmica da integração.

Interação gestual em ambiente residencial: estudo, concepção e desenvolvimento

Control and automation of residential environments domotics is emerging area of computing application. The development of computational systems for domotics is complex, due to the diversity of potential users, and because it is immerse in a context of emotional relationships and familiar construction. Currently, the focus of the development of this kind of system is directed, mainly, to physical and technological aspects. Due to the fact, gestural interaction in the present research is investigated under the view of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). First, we approach the subject through the construction of a conceptual framework for discussion of challenges from the area, integrated to the dimensions: people, interaction mode and domotics. A further analysis of the domain is accomplished using the theoretical-methodological referential of Organizational Semiotics. After, we define recommendations to the diversity that base/inspire the inclusive design, guided by physical, perceptual and cognitive abilities, which aim to better represent the concerned diversity. Although developers have the support of gestural recognition technologies that help a faster development, these professionals face another difficulty by not restricting the gestural commands of the application to the standard gestures provided by development frameworks. Therefore, an abstraction of the gestural interaction was idealized through a formalization, described syntactically by construction blocks that originates a grammar of the gestural interaction and, semantically, approached under the view of the residential system. So, we define a set of metrics grounded in the recommendations that are described with information from the preestablished grammar, and still, we conceive and implement in Java, under the foundation of this grammar, a residential system based on gestural interaction for usage with Microsoft Kinect. Lastly, we accomplish an experiment with potential end users of the system, aiming to better analyze the research results

Avaliação do tempo de trânsito esofágico pelo ultrassom: influência do gênero e índice de massa corpórea

OBJETIVO: Utilizar a ultrassonografia do esôfago intra-abdominal para avaliar o tempo de trânsito esofágico para água e iogurte, em posição ortostática, e avaliar a influência do gênero e índice de massa corpórea. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 89 indivíduos adultos jovens, sem clínica de doenças do trato gastrintestinal superior, sendo 40 do gênero feminino (média de 20,13 ± 1,62 anos) e 49 do gênero masculino (média de 20,43 ± 2,17 anos). O tempo de trânsito esofágico foi cronometrado, com o paciente em posição ortostática, durante a deglutição de água e iogurte. RESULTADOS: O tempo de trânsito esofágico para as mulheres e para os homens foi, respectivamente: para água, de 5,84 ± 1,60 segundos versus 6,66 ± 1,68 segundos, e para iogurte, de 9,12 ± 1,96 segundos versus 9,28 ± 1,70 segundos. Não se constatou diferença entre os gêneros masculino e feminino, apesar de o fator índice de massa corpórea ser menor nas mulheres. CONCLUSÃO: Os dados obtidos do tempo de trânsito esofágico para alimento líquido (água) e pastoso (iogurte), em posição ortostática, em adultos jovens não mostraram diferença entre os gêneros, mesmos nas mulheres com índice de massa corpórea menor em relação aos homens.

Estratégias de Produção in vitro de Bioinseticida Viral: influências do Isolado, da Cinética e do Modo de operação

Societal concerns about environmental sustainability has lead to the development of ecologically-friendly alternatives to chemical insecticides for crop protection. One such alternative is biological pest control. In particular, baculoviruses are well suited as insect biopesticides due to their narrow host specificity and relative ease of propagation. In Brazil, the baculovirus Anticarsia gemmatalis nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV) is the main biological control agent employed for the soybean pest, Anticarsia gemmatalis. This baculovirus biopesticide is currently produced using caterpillars, but increasing market demand for the product has encouraged the development of an in vitro manufacturing process, which can be scaled up to much higher virus productivities. In this study, three wild-type AgMNPV isolates (AgMNPV-2D, AgMNPV-MP2 and AgMNPV-MP5) and a recombinant form (vAgEGT-LacZ) were characterised in terms of occlusion body (OB) production and infection kinetics, to enable future optimisation of the in vitro production process. These viruses were propagated using a Spodoptera frugiperda (IPLB-SF21) insect cell line grown in shaker-flask batch cultures. Among the virus isolates tested, AgMNPV-MP5 was found to be the best producer, yielding (5.3±0.85)x108 OB/mL after 8 days post infection. The characterisation of vAgEGT-LacZ propagation in suspension cell cultures has not been previously reported in the literature; hence it became the main focus for this thesis. In particular, it was carried out a study on the effect of the multiplicity of infection (MOI) on OB production. Five successive batches were performed getting a final production (8.9±1.42)x1014 occlusion bodies, considering that production is related for a bioreactor with final volume of 10m3. A low MOI associated with a fed-batch process for vAgEGT-LacZ production was found to support a 3-fold higher OB yield when compared to the default batch process (1.8x107 and 5.3x107 OB/mL, respectively). This yield is competitive with regards to the production process.

Parâmetros físico-químicos de estrelas com planetas na missão CoRoT

In the present study we compute the atmospheric parameters (Teff , log g and vmic, [Fe/H]) and chemical abundance of 16 ions (Fe I, Fe II, O I, Si I, Na I, Mg I, Al I, Ca I, Ti I, Co I, Ni I, Rb I, Zr I, Ba II, La II and Cr I) for 16 solar-like stars with masses between 0:8 and 1:2 Mfi aproximatedly, including 10 planet-host stars detected by the CoRoT Space Mission. For this study, we use data from the ESO public archive: (i) high resolution spectra (R 47000) from the UVES spectrograph on the VLT/UT2-ESO (for 7 stars, covering the wavelength range 3450-4515 Å and 5500-9400 Å) and (ii) high resolution spectra from HARPS spectrograph on the La Silla-ESO 3.60 m telescope (for 9 stars, covering the wavelength range 4200-6865 Å). Our spectral analysis is based on MARCS models of atmosphere and Turbospectrum spectroscopic tools. On the base of the computed parameters, the referred abundances appears to follow the same behavior of the solar curve abundances. Further, one observes a signifficant correlation between the abundance ratio [m/Fe] and condensation temperature (Tc) of refractory elements (Tc > 900 K). The behavior of the projected rotational velocity (v sin i) versus the computed abundances [m/Fe] is also analyzed, presenting no clear trends. This study oers additional constraints to trace the evolutive history of solar-like stars with planets, including the search for chemical dierences between stars with and without transit planets and anomalies in the studied abundances

Impacto do tratamento antirretroviral na ocorrência de macrocitose em pacientes com HIV/AIDS do município de Maringá, Estado do Paraná

INTRODUÇÃO: AIDS é uma doença causada pelo HIV que compromete o sistema imune do organismo. O advento da terapia antirretroviral (TARV) altamente eficaz promoveu melhora substancial do prognóstico da doença e da qualidade de vida dos pacientes com HIV/AIDS. Durante seu tratamento prolongado, notam-se algumas alterações hematológicas, dentre elas, anemia e macrocitose, bem como carências de micronutrientes, tais como, de vitamina B12 e ácido fólico. O objetivo do presente trabalho é relacionar a macrocitose e anemia ao uso de TARV, ou à deficiência de vitamina B12 ou de ácido fólico. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 110 pacientes HIV positivos, comparando-se aqueles em uso de TARV com zidovudina (AZT) (grupo 1), TARV sem AZT (grupo 2) ou sem uso de TARV (grupo 3). RESULTADOS: Os pacientes dos três grupos não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas quanto aos níveis de hemoglobina (p = 0,584) e de ácido fólico (p = 0,956). Os pacientes do grupo 1 (G1) apresentaram volume corpuscular médio (VCM) aumentado quando comparado ao grupo 3 (G3) (p < 0,05), bem como do grupo 2 (G2) em relação ao G3 (p < 0,001). As dosagens de vitamina B12 do G1 e G3 foram menores do que as encontradas pelo G2 (p = 0,008). CONCLUSÕES: Conclui-se que os indivíduos em uso de TARV apresentaram macrocitose, embora não pudesse ser relacionada ao tipo de TARV ou a deficiência de vitamina B12. Entretanto, a deficiência de ácido fólico não esteve relacionada ao uso de TARV e nem à macrocitose.