Tthe right to effective judicial protection and disability: the convention on the rights of persons with disabilities

On 13 December 2006, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). It is the first comprehensive human rights treaty of the 21st century. The Convention is intended as a human rights instrument with an explicit, social development dimension. It adopts a broad categorization of persons with disabilities and reaffirms that all persons with all types of disabilities must enjoy all human rights and fundamental freedoms. Precisely, the Convention marks a 'paradigm shift' in attitudes and approaches to persons with disabilities The Convention contains two articles directly connected with judicial effective protection, one more than the other, but on the other hand, one cannot be understood without the other. Both articles are Article 12 –Equal recognition before the law- and Article 13 –access to justice- As a scholar in Procedural Law, my contribution to the International Scientific Congress on Private Law of the Philippines and Spain aims to enshrine the relevant importance of the both provisions that guarantee effective judicial protection for persons with disabilities in order to analyze, subsequently, the implementation of them in Spanish legislation

Leyes organica del poder judicial y timbres: tomadas del periódico oficial y anotadas para su reforma y aplicación

Empastado con los siguientes folletos: Ley del regimen municipal. Cuenca: Imprenta de la Universidad, 1893.- Ley de regimen municipal. Reimpresa en Cuenca, 1885.- Leyes orgánica del poder judicial participación de hatos y timbres. Cuenca: Impreso por José Miguel Prieto, 1884.-Cartas políticas. primera carta.- Segunda carta de un proscrito a D. José M.P. Caamaño, presidente de la Républica del Ecuador. Santiago de Chile: Imprenta de El Progreso, 1888

Diseño de un modelo de calidad que contribuya al eficiente servicio al cliente, en el departamento representación judicial de la división de la defensa de los intereses del estado de la Fiscalia General de la Republica de El Salvador.

Los modelos de calidad son empleados para medir la evaluación, de las organizaciones o instituciones, bien por su personal interno o externo, llegando a conocer cuál es la situación de esta, respecto al ideal de excelencia así como las oportunidades de mejora. En el orden de las ideas anteriores, la presente investigación se elaboró con el objetivo de diseñar un modelo de calidad que contribuya al eficiente servicio al cliente, en el Departamento Representación de la División de la Defensa de los Intereses del Estado de la Fiscalìa General de la República de El Salvador. Para el diseño del modelo de calidad, se realizó previamente un diagnóstico en el Departamento de Representación Judicial, con el objetivo de conocer la situación actual de dicho ente, este diagnóstico es resultado de la investigación de campo, cuyo método utilizado fue el inductivo; razonamiento que aborda un problema partiendo de lo particular a lo general,analizando las variables que influyen en el objeto a investigar, empleando como técnicas la entrevista, encuestas y la observación. La entrevistas fueron realizadas a los directivos del Departamento de Representación Judicial, mediante el instrumento denominado guía de preguntas, en lo concerniente a las encuestas se efectuaron por medio de cuestionarios dirigidos a usuarios y empleados del Departamento de Representación Judicial y como técnica final se utilizó la observación directa auxiliándose del instrumento hoja de observación, todo esto permitió obtener información del estado actual del objeto a investigar, pudiendo así diagnosticar una serie de carencias que obstaculizan el buen y eficiente servicio, como por ejemplo la inexistencia de un modelo orientado a servicio al cliente, retraso en la resolución de trámites, deficiencias a la hora de canalizar las insatisfacciones o quejas de los usuarios. En consecuencia a la situación anteriormente planteada, se propone el diseño del modelo de calidad que contribuya al eficiente servicio al cliente en el Departamento de Representación Judicial, el cual consta de catorce pasos lógicos de cómo establecer una cultura de calidad orientada hacia el servicio, el tiempo de ejecución de este modelo es de doce meses en concordancia al periodo laboral presupuestado por las instituciones públicas, como lo es la Fiscalía General de la República, con la implementación de este modelo, se pretende alcanzar la satisfacción de los usuarios en sus necesidades y exigencias al solicitar los servicios que ofrece el Departamento de Representación Judicial.

Muertes cuestionadas en combate producto de errores administrativos en operaciones militares. La guerra judicial en el Departamento de Caquetá, 2002-2010

104 p.

Pena de muerte: la “venganza” del sistema judicial

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto el análisis del castigo supremo por el cual se lleva a cabo la privación del derecho fundamental por antonomasia, como es, el derecho a la vida; todo ello por parte del Estado y de una forma premeditada. Pena que actualmente han abolido, para todos los delitos, 140 países, es decir, dos tercios del total mundial. Se ha llevado a cabo un trabajo multidisciplinar en el que se ponen de manifiesto aspectos de índole jurídico pero teniendo siempre muy presente aspectos de carácter social, ético y de derechos humanos; queriendo con ello presentar la relación existente entre la pena de muerte y el derecho a la vida y dignidad humana; todo ello al analizar, entre otros, el riesgo que supone para las personas inocentes, la discriminación y arbitrariedad a la hora de hacerla efectiva, su aplicación únicamente por los delitos considerados “más graves”, así como los límites y restricciones en su aplicación.

Imagens da imparcialidade entre o discurso constitucional e a prática judicial

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Direito, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito, 2016.

El precedente judicial: exploración para una aplicación adecuada en la práctica judicial

62 p.

Exploring judicial opinion on the relationship between anabolic-androgenic steroid use and violent offending

Research suggests that there is a link between the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) and violence, though this link may be moderated by other substance use such as alcohol. Violent acts in the nighttime economy in recent times has led to governments adopting a law enforcement approach. This study sought to investigate whether the judicial system considers that there is a link between AAS use and violence. Sentencing decisions in Victoria, Australia, were identified using three publically available case law databases. Of the six cases identified, three cases had some mention of a potential link between AAS use and violent offending; however, it appears that evidence of AAS use had neither an aggravating nor mitigating effect on sentencing. In all six cases, a history of other substance use had more of an impacting upon sentencing. Harm reduction approaches should be adopted to reduce violence related to any substance use, including AAS.

Local political subcultures and party activism in Italy: The case of the Democratic Party

While there are relevant studies on both local political subcultures and party activism in Italy, the literature misses the relations between these two social and political phenomena. This article aims at bridging the lacuna by presenting a typology of the local branches of the Italian PD (Democratic Party) based on the relationship between the features of party activism and the local political subcultures. Four types of local PD branch emerge: the ‘showcase’ branch, the ‘administrative’ branch, the ‘company’ branch and the ‘committee’ branch. The article discusses each type, while drawing on 40 in-depth interviews collected during field research. Insights into the relationship between local political subcultures and party activism in Italy are offered.

Cyber sisters: Buddhist women’s online activism and practice

While the churches are emptying, other virtual religious places as the religious websites seem to be filling up. The researcher focusing on religion and internet or digital religion as an object of study must seek answers to a number of questions. Is computer-mediated religious communication a particular communication process whose object is what we conventionally call religion? Or is it a modern, independent form of religious expressiveness that finds its new-born status in the web and its particular language? To examine the questions above, and others, the book collects more empirical data, claiming that the Internet will have a specific or novel impact on how religious traditions are interpreted. The blurring of previous boundaries (offline/online, virtual/local, illegitimate/legitimate religion) is another theme common to all the contributions in this volume.

Gender and the Cybersangha: Buddhist women's online activism and practice

The experiences of Buddhist women across the world today are widely diverse, reflecting their geographical and social location, the type of Buddhism practiced, whether they are lay or ordained, as well as their individual personalities. However, the perception that there is also a shared experience for women who practice Buddhism that is partly defined by a sense of "unequal opportunity" has given rise to a number of organizations and networks particularly since the late 1980s that aim to link this eclectic group of female Buddhist practitioners and activists. Buddhist scholars, nuns and practitioners have been at the forefront of global Buddhist organizations, challenging gender disparities and striving for equality for women in all Buddhist traditions. In recent years, more of this Buddhist women's social movement activity has been conducted digitally through websites, Facebook pages and Twitter accounts. Some organizations, such as Sakyadhita ("Daughters of the Buddha"), which was founded in 1987 before the Internet explosion, have an online presence to complement their offline activities. Others, such as the Alliance for Bhikkhunis and the Yogini Project, have been formed more recently and their web presence is fundamental, with core activities that are web-reliant, including online fundraising and the sharing of digital material. In addition to organizations that are specifically orientated towards women, Buddhist women globally make use of a wider range of web-based opportunities to network with other Buddhists as well as to learn about Buddhist traditions and practices.

Examining the approaches to diminish judicial intervention in statutory adjudication in Australia

In Australia, statutory construction adjudication is a fast payment dispute resolution process designed to keep the cash flowing down the hierarchical contractual chain in construction projects. Its rapid, highly regulatory and temporarily binding nature have led to it being often described as a ‘quick and dirty’ process that delivers ‘rough and ready’ justice. Adjudicators often have to grapple with complex legal issues related to jurisdictional facts and interpretation of contract provisions, though the majority of them are not legally trained. This has often led to a poor quality of adjudication outcome for large and complex payment claims which has, in turn, led to a mounting dissatisfaction due to the many judicial challenges to adjudicators’ determinations seen in recent years. The evolving tension between the object of the security of payment legislation and excessive involvement of the courts has often been the subject of comment by the judiciary. This paper aims to examine the legislative and judicial approaches to support the object of the security of payment legislation to ease cash flow. The paper adopts a desktop study approach whereby evidence is gathered from three primary sources – judicial decisions, academic publications and governmental reports. The paper concludes that there is a need to adopt other measures which can provide more convenient relief to aggrieved parties to an adjudication process, such that the adjudication process is kept away from the courts as far as is possible. Specifically, it is proposed that a well-designed expanded legislative review scheme of allegedly flawed adjudication, based on that provided in the Western Australian legislation, might stand as a promising remedy to eliminate the evolving tension.

Towards diminishing judicial intervention in statutory adjudication: a pragmatic proposal

Statutory adjudication was introduced into the Security of Payment (SOP) legislation as a fast-track payment dispute resolution process aiming to achieve the object of the legislation to facilitate cash flow within the construction contractual chain. As such, adjudication determinations were usually released and enforced on a "pay now, argue later" 1 basis in order to protect a vulnerable class of smaller businesses within the building and construction industry. The SOP legislation was extremely successful in attaining the stated object in the context of small adjudicated payment claims where both parties used to comply with the adjudication determination.

When the private becomes public: commodity activism, endorsement, and making meaning in a privatised world

The divide between the public realm and the private realm is a both a moveable and permeable boundary. One of the reasons for this fluidity as to what constitutes these two realms is driven by different political postures. From a neoliberal position, the private—be that private industry, the individual self, the engines of the economy—is better able to produce the Benthamite characterisation of happiness for the greatest number. In contrast, from a socialist to social democratic position, an expanded public disbursement of commonwealth is seen to produce a more equitable, just, and ultimately happy society. Somewhere between these two extremes is a regulated marketplace which more or less describes the organisation of most Western polities.This paper investigates a relatively new form of public activism that, in a sense, emerges from a cultural condition of the ascendancy of the privatisation of politics and culture. Commodity activism, as it is now called by researchers, begins with a politics of the marketplace and turns it into a normative position or posture related to the public sphere. This kind of politics has emerged from consumer movements that have a long history of turning the private into the domain of the public through boycotts, forms of usually negative publicity, and an active engagement of appropriating the key identity of “privatisation,” which is that of the consumer, and re-politicising it into something akin to a form of active citizen. The paper is a study of this changing of the private into the public and how this process relies on the concept of endorsement—particularly high-profile celebrity figures who have gained their power as individuals in this privatised space and now use that form of power for other purposes—in order to gain attention and circulation in this now privatised public sphere.

The Effectiveness of Outdoor Education on Environmental Learning, Appreciation, and Activism

The main objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of outdoor education on student knowledge retention, appreciation for nature, and environmental activism in a college level course on south Florida ecology. Six class sections were given quizzes on four course topics either post-lecture or post-field trip. Students were also given pre-course and post-course opinion surveys. Although mean quiz scores for the post-field trip were higher than for the post-lecture, statistical analysis determined that there was no significant difference in quiz scores for location taken (post-lecture or post-field trip). Survey results show a correlation between knowledge of environmental issues and environmental activism. Even though student survey responses point to outdoor education and field trips being the most effective method of learning and influential on appreciation for nature, the quiz scores do not reflect such.