Análise numérica de dutos enterrados sujeitos a elevação e recalque localizado

Problems associated to longitudinal interactions in buried pipelines are characterized as three-dimensional and can lead to different soil-pipe issues. Despite the progress achieved in research on buried pipelines, little attention has been given to the three-dimensional nature of the problem throughout the last decades. Most of researches simplify the problem by considering it in plane strain condition. This dissertation aims to present a study on the behavior of buried pipelines under local settlement or elevation, using three-dimensional simulations. Finite element code Plaxis 3D was used for the simulations. Particular aspects of the numerical modeling were evaluated and parametric analyzes were performed, was investigated the effects of soil arching in three-dimensional form. The main variables investigated were as follows: relative density, displacement of the elevation or settlement zone, elevated zone size, height of soil cover and pipe diameter/thickness ratio. The simulations were performed in two stages. The first stage was involved the validation of the numerical analysis using the physical models put forward by Costa (2005). In the second stage, numerical analyzes of a full-scale pipeline subjected to a localized elevation were performed. The obtained results allowed a detailed evaluation of the redistribution of stresses in the soil mass and the deflections along the pipe. It was observed the reduction of stresses in the soil mass and pipe deflections when the height of soil cover was decreased on regions of the pipe subjected to elevation. It was also shown for the analyzed situation that longitudinal thrusts were higher than vi circumferential trusts and exceeded the allowable stresses and deflections. Furthermore, the benefits of minimizing stress with technical as the false trench, compressible cradle and a combination of both applied to the simulated pipeline were verified

Estratégias para obtenção de adequada iluminação natural em escolas: uma análise de sistemas de aberturas para Natal/RN

The purpose of this research is to analyze different daylighting systems in schools in the city of Natal/RN. Although with the abundantly daylight available locally, there are a scarce and diffuse architectural recommendations relating sky conditions, dimensions of daylight systems, shading, fraction of sky visibility, required illuminance, glare, period of occupation and depth of the lit area. This research explores different selected apertures systems to explore the potential of natural light for each system. The method has divided into three phases: The first phase is the modeling which involves the construction of three-dimensional model of a classroom in Sketchup software 2014, which is featured in follow recommendations presented in the literature to obtain a good quality of environmental comfort in school settings. The second phase is the dynamic performance computer simulation of the light through the Daysim software. The input data are the climate file of 2009 the city of Natal / RN, the classroom volumetry in 3ds format with the assignment of optical properties of each surface, the sensor mapping file and the user load file . The results produced in the simulation are organized in a spreadsheet prepared by Carvalho (2014) to determine the occurrence of useful daylight illuminance (UDI) in the range of 300 to 3000lux and build graphics illuminance curves and contours of UDI to identify the uniformity of distribution light, the need of the minimum level of illuminance and the occurrence of glare.

Análise computacional de imagens de lâminas delgadas na predição dos parâmetros hidráulicos porosidade e condutividade hidráulica do aquífero Barreiras-RN

The understanding of the occurrence and flow of groundwater in the subsurface is of fundamental importance in the exploitation of water, just like knowledge of all associated hydrogeological context. These factors are primarily controlled by geometry of a certain pore system, given the nature of sedimentary aquifers. Thus, the microstructural characterization, as the interconnectivity of the system, it is essential to know the macro properties porosity and permeability of reservoir rock, in which can be done on a statistical characterization by twodimensional analysis. The latter is being held on a computing platform, using image thin sections of reservoir rock, allowing the prediction of the properties effective porosity and hydraulic conductivity. For Barreiras Aquifer to obtain such parameters derived primarily from the interpretation of tests of aquifers, a practice that usually involves a fairly complex logistics in terms of equipment and personnel required in addition to high cost of operation. Thus, the analysis and digital image processing is presented as an alternative tool for the characterization of hydraulic parameters, showing up as a practical and inexpensive method. This methodology is based on a flowchart work involving sampling, preparation of thin sections and their respective images, segmentation and geometric characterization, three-dimensional reconstruction and flow simulation. In this research, computational image analysis of thin sections of rocks has shown that aquifer storage coefficients ranging from 0,035 to 0,12 with an average of 0,076, while its hydrogeological substrate (associated with the top of the carbonate sequence outcropping not region) presents effective porosities of the order of 2%. For the transport regime, it is evidenced that the methodology presents results below of those found in the bibliographic data relating to hydraulic conductivity, mean values of 1,04 x10-6 m/s, with fluctuations between 2,94 x10-6 m/s and 3,61x10-8 m/s, probably due to the larger scale study and the heterogeneity of the medium studied.

Análise não-linear do campo de temperaturas desenvolvidas durante a soldagem do tipo TIG contínuo em placas delgadas

This study offers an analytical approach in order to provide a determination of the temperature field developed during the DC TIG welding of a thin plate of aluminum. The non-linear characteristics of the phenomenon, such as the dependence of the thermophysical and mechanical properties with temperature were considered in this study. In addition to the conductive heat exchange process, were taken into account the exchange by natural convection and radiation. A transient analysis is performed in order to obtain the temperature field as a function of time. It is also discussed a three-dimensional modeling of the heat source. The results obtained from the analytical model were be compared with the experimental ones and those available in the literature. The analytical results show a good correlation with the experimental ones available in the literature, thus proving the feasibility and efficiency of the analytical method for the simulation of the heat cycle for this welding process.

Desenho do real : análise, representação e consciência crítica

O presente relatório reflete sobre o processo de representação pelo desenho de uma forma tridimensional num suporte bidimensional. A intenção deste relatório é analisar e compreender a relação entre o que é analisado pelo cérebro, o que é representado no papel e a consciência crítica do erro praticado no desenho de observação, bem como conhecer como poderá ser desenvolvida esta triangulação (análise, representação e consciência crítica do erro) de modo a melhorar a qualidade da representação do real. A investigação empírica foi realizada na disciplina de Desenho A, no ano letivo de 2012/2013, com duas turmas do 11º ano do Curso de Design de Produto na Escola Artística Soares dos Reis, no Porto. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a perspetiva, enquanto estratégia, poderá melhorar significativamente a qualidade da representação do real. Todavia, relativamente ao estímulo da consciência crítica do erro através das estratégias abordadas dentro de sala de aula, não ficou comprovada relevância na qualidade das representações.

Análise da fluência em vigas de concreto armado simplesmente apoiadas usando o método dos elementos finitos

Reinforced concrete creep is a phenomenon of great importance. Despite being appointed as the main cause of several pathologies, its effects are yet considered in a simplified way by the structural designers. In addition to studying the phenomenon in reinforced concrete structures and its current account used in the structural analysis, this paper compares creep strains at simply supported reinforced concrete beams in analytical and in experimental forms with the finite element method (FEM) simulation results. The strains and deflections obtained through the analytical form were calculated with the Brazilian code NBR 6118 (2014) recommendations and the simplified method from CEB-FIP 90 and the experimental results were extracted from tests available in the literature. Finite element simulations are performed using ANSYS Workbench software, using its 3D SOLID 186 elements and the structure symmetry. Analyzes of convergence using 2D PLANE 183 elements are held as well. At the end, it is concluded that FEM analyses are quantitative and qualitative efficient for the estimation of this non-linearity and that the method utilized to obtain the creep coefficients values is sufficiently accurate.

Assimetrias no crescimento e no desenvolvimento económico: um diagnóstico tridimensional da região do Algarve

Dissertação de Mestrado, Gestão Empresarial, Faculdade de Economia, Universidade do Algarve, 2015

Análise e Prevenção de avarias de um veio de manivelas de um motor Pielstick

Na engenharia mecânica há cada vez mais necessidade de utilizar e de prever o comportamento das máquinas térmicas, mais propriamente dos motores de combustão interna, em especial na área da manutenção e da prevenção de falha num dos componentes vitais de um motor a 4 tempos: o veio de manivelas. Esta situação já tem sido bastante observada na indústria mecânica naval, nomeadamente na Marinha Portuguesa e, devido ao seu elevado grau de importância no desempenho de qualquer motor, decidiu-se focar o trabalho desta tese no estudo dos motores a diesel S.E.M.T Pielstick das unidades navais da Marinha Portuguesa, mais especificamente das corvetas da classe “João Coutinho” e da classe “ Baptista de Andrade”, devido ao historial de ocorrência de falhas no veio de manivelas nesta classe de navios e em outras da Marinha Portuguesa. Para efetuar este estudo, utilizaram-se todos os dados relativos ao historial de ocorrências de falhas destes motores, bem como todos os dados disponíveis do fabricante destes motores, por forma a reproduzir da forma mais fiável possível um modelo tridimensional do veio de manivelas no programa de modelação informática CAD Solidworks®, e possibilitar a análise cinemática do veio de manivelas. Desta forma, foi possível simular as condições de funcionamento do motor, assim como analisar e determinar a causa de falha do veio de manivelas, visando prolongar a vida útil dos veios de manivelas, contribuindo não só para menores custos de manutenção mas também para o aumento da operacionalidade destes navios.

O sono em adolescentes portugueses: Proposta de um modelo tridimensional

O sono é uma necessidade básica que influencia e é simultaneamente influenciada pela diversidade de atividades, papéis e contextos de vida, assumindo particular importância nos adolescentes. Apresenta-se um estudo com 400 alunos do 9º e 11º ano de escolaridade, de duas escolas da região de Lisboa, avaliados através do Questionário Sobre Sono para Adolescentes – QSSA. Os resultados quantitativos da caracterização do sono incidiram sobre hábitos, auto perceções e conhecimentos. Da exploração qualitativa dos fatores invocados por uma subamostra de 100 adolescentes como fundamento das suas auto perceções, emergiram as categorias de qualidade, importância e atitudes. Com base nestes resultados, propõe-se um modelo tridimensional acerca do sono dos adolescentes que contempla hábitos de sono, fatores pessoais e fatores ambientais.

Efeitos do suster-relaxar na cinemática tridimensional, função neuromuscular e sintomatologia álgica de um atleta de crossfit com dor lombar

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciado em Fisioterapia

Desafios Para A Implementação Do Processo De Projeto Colaborativo: Análise Do Fator Humano

The ineffectiveness of current design processes has been well studied and has resulted in widespread calls for the evolution and development of new management processes. Perhaps one problem is that with the advent of BIM we are moving from one stage to another without necessarily having resolved all the issues. CAD design technology, if well handled, could have significantly raised the level of quality and efficiency of current processes, but in practice this was not fully realized. Therefore, technology alone can´t solve all the problems and the advent of BIM could result in a similar bottleneck. For a precise definition of the problem to be solved we should start by understanding what are the main current bottlenecks that have yet to be overcome by either new technologies or management processes, and the impact of human behavior related issues despite the advent of new technologies. The fragmented and dispersed nature of the AEC sector and the huge number of small organizations that comprise it would probably be a major limiting factor. Several authors have addressed this issue and more recently IDDS has been defined as the highest level of achievement. However, what is written on IDDS shows an extremely ideal situation on a state to be achieved; it shows a holistic utopian proposition with the intent to create the research agenda to move towards that state. Key to IDDS is the framing of a new management model which should address the problems associated with key aspects: technology, processes, policies and people. One of the primary areas to be further studied is the process of collaborative work and understanding, together with the development of proposals to overcome the many cultural barriers that currently exist and impede the advance of new management methods. The purpose of this paper is to define and delimit problems to be solved so that it is possible to implement a new management model for a collaborative design process.

Um Jardim na Mata dos Medos : ou da análise inventiva do pictoresco

This text discusses the project for a garden by Gonçalo Ribeiro-Telles that argues for a different possibility of creating a garden as landscape continuum and exploring picturesque as an apparatus to expand the experience of the place

A moeda como um discurso : uma análise das representações de Otávio, Cleópatra e Marco Antônio

Abstract: The present article discusses about the representation of Octavius, Mark Antony and Cleopatra in three coins, to reflect about how the ancient mintage contributed for these personages could shape their images to the populus romanus in general.

A Lei de Proteção de Cultivares : análise de sua formulação e conteúdo

Registra e analisa o processo de elaboração da Lei 9.456, de 25 de abril de 1997, que trata da proteção de cultivares, enfocando a tramitação dos projetos de lei, as polêmicas em torno do tema, os atores em ação e os argumentos técnicos, políticos e ideológicos debatidos. Analisa também as principais disposições da lei e sua interligação com o agronegócio brasileiro.

A palavra como arma : análise do discurso do Deputado Mário Covas

Analisa o pronunciamento do Deputado Mário Covas, em dezembro de 1968, em defesa da imunidade parlamentar e da liberdade de palavra, principais ingredientes dos regimes democráticos. Utilizando as propostas formuladas por Norman Fairclough, Patrick Charaudeau e Tereza Halliday, reconstituem-se elementos caracterizadores da enunciação e os principais recursos discursivos utilizados.