782 resultados para Régimen franquista
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Como se señalara en ediciones anteriores de Empleo y Desarrollo Social, la alta incidencia del empleo informal es uno de los mayores desafíos que enfrenta la política social en nuestro país. El punto de partida para revertir este problema pasa por simplificar los procedimientos y reducir los costos para que las pequeñas empresas puedan cumplir las normas laborales e impositivas. En este informe se presentan los lineamientos de un régimen especial para pequeñas empresas, cuyo objeto es combatir la informalidad y mejorar la protección laboral y social de los trabajadores
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En los años finales de la Edad Media nos vamos a encontrar en los municipios castellanos con una gran abundancia de oficios tanto de carácter jurisdiccional como fiscalizador (alcaldes y veedores, respectivamente), algunos tenían planta propia y estable, en tanto que otros aparecían y desaparecían de acuerdo con las necesidades del momento. Nos detenemos en particular en la figura del alcalde del alarifazgo, encargado de juzgar y ejecutar de acuerdo con sus competencias en el ámbito del urbanismo.
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Fecha: 23-5-1937 (>1965 copia) / Unidad de instalación: Carpeta 45 - Expediente 2-21 / Nº de pág.: 2 (mecanografiadas)
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The territory of the European Union is made up of a rich and wide-ranging universe of languages, which is not circumscribed to the «State languages». The existence of multilingualism is one of Europe’s defining characteristics and it should remain so in the constantly evolving model of Europe’s political structure. Nonetheless, until now, the official use of languages has been limited to the «State languages» and has been based on a concept of state monolingualism that has led to a first level of hierarchization among the languages of Europe. This has affected the very concept of European language diversity. The draft of the treaty establishing a European Constitution contains various language-related references that can be grouped in two major categories: on the one hand, those references having to do the constitutional status of languages, and on the other, those regarding the recognition of European language diversity. Both issues are dealt with in this article. In analyzing the legal regime governing languages set forth in the draft of the constitutional treaty, we note that the draft is not based on the concept of the official status of languages. The language regulation contained in the draft of the constitutional treaty is limited in character. The constitutional language regime is based on the concept of Constitutional languages but the official status of languages is not governed by this rule. The European Constitution merely enunciates rights governing language use for European citizens vis-à-vis the languages of the Constitution and refers the regulation of the official status of languages to the Council, which is empowered to set and modify that status by unanimous decision. Because of its broad scope, this constitutes a regulatory reservation. In the final phase of the negotiation process a second level of constitutional recognition of languages would be introduced, linked to those that are official languages in the member states (Catalan, Basque, Galician, etc.). These languages, however, would be excluded from the right to petition; they would constitute a tertium genus, an intermediate category between the lan guages benefiting from the language rights recognized under the Constitution and those other languages for which no status is recognized in the European institutional context. The legal functionality of this second, intermediate category will depend on the development of standards, i.e., it will depend on the entrée provided such languages in future reforms of the institutional language regime. In a later section, the article reflects on European Union language policy with regard to regional or minority languages, concluding that the Union has not acted in accordance with defined language policy guidelines when it has been confronted, in the exercise of its powers, with regional or minority languages (or domestic legislation having to do with language demands). The Court of Justice has endeavoured to resolve on a case by case basis the conflicts raised between community freedoms and the normative measures that protect languages. Thus, using case law, the Court has set certain language boundaries for community freedoms. The article concludes by reflecting on the legal scope of the recognition of European language diversity referred to in Article II-82 of the European Constitution and the possible measures to implement the precept that might constitute the definition of a true European language policy on regional or minority languages. Such a policy has yet to be defined.
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[ES]Durante décadas la historiografía ha considerado que la siderurgia vasca, y dentro de ella la guipuzcoana, sufrió un claro «atraso tecnológico», anclada en los métodos directos, en un momento de expansión mundial de los sistemas indirectos. El presente artículo hace un análisis diacrónico de la evolución tecnológica de la mencionada actividad entre los siglos XIII y XIX, centrando su discurso, tanto en los intentos e iniciativas innovadoras, tratando de desentrañar las verdaderas razones que llevaron dichos proyectos innovadores al éxito o al fracaso, como en las continuidades. En definitiva, se trata de matizar y relativizar el mencionado concepto.
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[ES] Este trabajo pretende conocer las causas que explican la actividad censora y recopiladora de la Provincia, durante el siglo XVII, en el campo de la producción histórica referente a Gipuzkoa.
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[ES] El presente artículo trata de analizar de forma crítica el papel desempeñado por las mujeres en las familias guipuzcoanas durante el Antiguo Régimen. A través del estudio de una serie de casos en los que se vieron implicadas personas de sexo femenino, se lleva a cabo un análisis profundo de las estructuras familiares, tratando de hacer hincapié en la variedad de situaciones y en la importancia de las pasiones y sentimientos que repercuten en la toma de divisiones y estrategias establecidas en las distintas esferas relacionales. Para ello, además de hacer uso de la importante producción historiográfica vasca y española, se echa mano de documentación judicial, custodiada en archivo como el Archivo de la Real Chancillería de Valladolid y el Archivo General de Gipuzkoa.
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Eterio Pajares, Raquel Merino y José Miguel Santamaría (eds.)
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Raquel Merino Álvarez, José Miguel Santamaría, Eterio Pajares (eds.)
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Raquel Merino Álvarez, José Miguel Santamaría, Eterio Pajares (eds.)
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This thesis explored the relationship between hydrological variability and associated changes in fish communities in the upper Salado river lakes (Pampa plain, Argentina). The sampling design included five sites along the river connected lakes being explored for fish, hydrological and environmental data during different hydrological conditions. The temporal dynamic of main environmental characteristics of these lakes show that hydrology largely regulates some of the most important factors influencing fish ecology. Changes in fish communities associated with this hydrological and environmental dynamic allow to speculate a first approach towards the functioning of the system as a whole. Following oscillation between droughts and floods, study lakes have shown significant changes on abundance of major fish species, as well as on their recruitment success, which finally leaded to marked changes in fish community structure. Interestingly, trophic structure of communities did not change as much. iOdontesthes bonariensis/i was more abundant during droughts and in saltier sites but also displayed an improvement in recruitment success during these harsh abiotic conditions. Conversely, the abundance of iParapimelodus valenciennis, Cyphocharax voga/i and iCyprinus carpio/i as well as its recruitment success, were largely favoured by lower water residence times and total salinity. This dichotomy is mainly based on different life history strategies of these species against flor and environmental variability and it support the existence of different functional groups among the fish species of upper Salado river lakes. iOligosarcus jenynsii/i did not showed as evident functional response. In conclusion, hydrological and environmental variability can be considered as one of the main factors regulating the functioning and structure of fish communities in these very shallow lowland river lakes of the Pampa plain. Following these results some implications for an eventual regulation of the river regime are discussed.
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689 p.
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El objetivo del Trabajo de Fin de Grado ha sido combinar tres bloques de análisis: el derecho normativo interno español en materia de derecho internacional privado, el derecho comparado en el marco de la Unión Europea y el derecho europeo (los reglamentos en vigor) y los dos proyectos de reglamento en esta materia actualmente en tramitación. Mediante el trabajo se persigue demostrar la necesidad y oportunidad de que el derecho europeo, sin armonizar sustantivamente las regulaciones de cada estado miembro, utilice las técnicas del derecho internacional para seleccionar el Tribunal competente, designar la ley aplicable reconocimiento y ejecución de decisiones judiciales en materia del derecho de familia internacional y centrándonos en el sector de régimen económico matrimonial en defecto de pacto.