Barcelona, Spain, 1911 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Plano general de Barcelona : su ensanche y pueblos el llano en 1911 by F. Puig. It was published in 1911. Scale [ca. 1:20,650]. Covers Barcelona, Spain. Map in Spanish.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the WGS 1984 UTM Zone 31 North coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map.This map shows features such as roads, railroads, street railroads, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, parks, city districts, and more. Relief shown by contours.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Madrid, Spain, 1785 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Plano geom�trico de Madrid : dedicado y presentado al rey nuestro Se�or Don Carlos III por mano del excelentisimo Se�or Conde de Floridablanca, su autor Don Tomas Lopez, geografico de S.M. de las Reales Academias de la Historia, de San Fernando, de la de Bueans Letras de Sevilla y de las Sociedades Bascongada y Asturzias. It was published by [Tomas Lopez] in 1785. Scale [ca. 1:16,700]. Map in Spanish. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the European Datum 1950, UTM Zone 30N coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map.This map shows features such as roads, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, ground cover, and more. Relief is shown by hachures. Includes text, index, and inset: Des de la Puerta de Toledo ...This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

James Cook Expeditions, Pacific Ocean, 1776-1779 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Mapa que demuestra el derrotero q[ue] : hizo M. Cook en 1776, 1777, 1778, y 1779 en su tercero y ultimo viaje. It was published by Libreria de Copin in [1780]. Scale [ca. 1:600,000]. Map in Spanish. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to a non-standard 'Mercator' projection with the central meridian at 180 degrees west. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. Note: The central meridian of this map is not the same as the Prime Meridian and may wrap the International Date Line or overlap itself when displayed in GIS software. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown pictorially. Shows the route of James Cook's Pacific Ocean expeditions in the HMS Resolution, 1776-1779. Includes notes. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection and the Harvard University Library as part of the Open Collections Program at Harvard University project: Organizing Our World: Sponsored Exploration and Scientific Discovery in the Modern Age. Maps selected for the project correspond to various expeditions and represent a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Cuba, 1835 (Image 1 of 6) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Carta geogro. topográfica de la isla de Cuba : dedicanla a la Reyna Nuestra Señora Doñ a Isabel II, El Teniente General Conde de Cuba y la Comisión de Gefes y Oficiales Militares y de Agrimensores Públicos que la levantó y formó de su orden en los años de 1824 á 1831/Do. Estruch lo grabó en Barcelona 1835 ; Carlos Roca lo dibujó. It was published in 1835. Scale [ca. 1:325,000]. This layer is image 1 of 6 total images of the six sheet source map. Map in Spanish.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Mercator project coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, roads, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures, depths by soundings. Includes also indexes, table of distances, statistical tables, and insets: "Plano de la ciudad y puerto de La Habana" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad y bahía de Sn. Carlos de Matanzas" [ca. 1:14.500]. -- "Ciudad de Sta. María del Puerto Principe" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad de Santiago de Cuba" [ca. 1:16.000] -- "Plano de la bahía de Cuba" [ca. 1:48.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad de Trinidad" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Puerto de Casilda" [ca. 1:43.000].This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Cuba, 1835 (Image 2 of 6) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Carta geogro. topográfica de la isla de Cuba : dedicanla a la Reyna Nuestra Señora Doñ a Isabel II, El Teniente General Conde de Cuba y la Comisión de Gefes y Oficiales Militares y de Agrimensores Públicos que la levantó y formó de su orden en los años de 1824 á 1831/Do. Estruch lo grabó en Barcelona 1835 ; Carlos Roca lo dibujó. It was published in 1835. Scale [ca. 1:325,000]. This layer is image 2 of 6 total images of the six sheet source map. Map in Spanish.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Mercator project coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, roads, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures, depths by soundings. Includes also indexes, table of distances, statistical tables, and insets: "Plano de la ciudad y puerto de La Habana" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad y bahía de Sn. Carlos de Matanzas" [ca. 1:14.500]. -- "Ciudad de Sta. María del Puerto Principe" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad de Santiago de Cuba" [ca. 1:16.000] -- "Plano de la bahía de Cuba" [ca. 1:48.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad de Trinidad" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Puerto de Casilda" [ca. 1:43.000].This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Cuba, 1835 (Image 3 of 6) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Carta geogro. topográfica de la isla de Cuba : dedicanla a la Reyna Nuestra Señora Doñ a Isabel II, El Teniente General Conde de Cuba y la Comisión de Gefes y Oficiales Militares y de Agrimensores Públicos que la levantó y formó de su orden en los años de 1824 á 1831/Do. Estruch lo grabó en Barcelona 1835 ; Carlos Roca lo dibujó. It was published in 1835. Scale [ca. 1:325,000]. This layer is image 3 of 6 total images of the six sheet source map. Map in Spanish.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Mercator project coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, roads, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures, depths by soundings. Includes also indexes, table of distances, statistical tables, and insets: "Plano de la ciudad y puerto de La Habana" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad y bahía de Sn. Carlos de Matanzas" [ca. 1:14.500]. -- "Ciudad de Sta. María del Puerto Principe" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad de Santiago de Cuba" [ca. 1:16.000] -- "Plano de la bahía de Cuba" [ca. 1:48.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad de Trinidad" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Puerto de Casilda" [ca. 1:43.000].This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Cuba, 1835 (Image 4 of 6) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Carta geogro. topográfica de la isla de Cuba : dedicanla a la Reyna Nuestra Señora Doñ a Isabel II, El Teniente General Conde de Cuba y la Comisión de Gefes y Oficiales Militares y de Agrimensores Públicos que la levantó y formó de su orden en los años de 1824 á 1831/Do. Estruch lo grabó en Barcelona 1835 ; Carlos Roca lo dibujó. It was published in 1835. Scale [ca. 1:325,000]. This layer is image 4 of 6 total images of the six sheet source map. Map in Spanish.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Mercator project coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, roads, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures, depths by soundings. Includes also indexes, table of distances, statistical tables, and insets: "Plano de la ciudad y puerto de La Habana" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad y bahía de Sn. Carlos de Matanzas" [ca. 1:14.500]. -- "Ciudad de Sta. María del Puerto Principe" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad de Santiago de Cuba" [ca. 1:16.000] -- "Plano de la bahía de Cuba" [ca. 1:48.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad de Trinidad" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Puerto de Casilda" [ca. 1:43.000].This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Cuba, 1835 (Image 5 of 6) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Carta geogro. topográfica de la isla de Cuba : dedicanla a la Reyna Nuestra Señora Doñ a Isabel II, El Teniente General Conde de Cuba y la Comisión de Gefes y Oficiales Militares y de Agrimensores Públicos que la levantó y formó de su orden en los años de 1824 á 1831/Do. Estruch lo grabó en Barcelona 1835 ; Carlos Roca lo dibujó. It was published in 1835. Scale [ca. 1:325,000]. This layer is image 5 of 6 total images of the six sheet source map. Map in Spanish.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Mercator project coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, roads, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures, depths by soundings. Includes also indexes, table of distances, statistical tables, and insets: "Plano de la ciudad y puerto de La Habana" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad y bahía de Sn. Carlos de Matanzas" [ca. 1:14.500]. -- "Ciudad de Sta. María del Puerto Principe" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad de Santiago de Cuba" [ca. 1:16.000] -- "Plano de la bahía de Cuba" [ca. 1:48.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad de Trinidad" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Puerto de Casilda" [ca. 1:43.000].This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Cuba, 1835 (Image 6 of 6) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Carta geogro. topográfica de la isla de Cuba : dedicanla a la Reyna Nuestra Señora Doñ a Isabel II, El Teniente General Conde de Cuba y la Comisión de Gefes y Oficiales Militares y de Agrimensores Públicos que la levantó y formó de su orden en los años de 1824 á 1831/Do. Estruch lo grabó en Barcelona 1835 ; Carlos Roca lo dibujó. It was published in 1835. Scale [ca. 1:325,000]. This layer is image 6 of 6 total images of the six sheet source map. Map in Spanish.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Mercator project coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, roads, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures, depths by soundings. Includes also indexes, table of distances, statistical tables, and insets: "Plano de la ciudad y puerto de La Habana" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad y bahía de Sn. Carlos de Matanzas" [ca. 1:14.500]. -- "Ciudad de Sta. María del Puerto Principe" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad de Santiago de Cuba" [ca. 1:16.000] -- "Plano de la bahía de Cuba" [ca. 1:48.000]. -- "Plano de la ciudad de Trinidad" [ca. 1:16.000]. -- "Puerto de Casilda" [ca. 1:43.000].This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Isla de Fuerteventura, Canary Islands, Spain, 1779 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Mapa de la isla de Fuerteventura, por Don Tomás Lopez, geografo de los dominios de S. M. de las Reales academias de la historia, de San Fernando, de la de buenas letras de Sevilla y de la Sociedad Bascongada de los amigos del pais. It was published by se hallará este con todas las obras del autor en la Calle de las Carretas entrando por la Plazuela del Angel in 1779. Scale [ca. 1:280,000]. Covers Isla de Fuerteventura, Canary Islands, Spain. Map in Spanish.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Mercator projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, villages and other human settlements, roads, shoreline features, ports and anchorage points, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes note on the mapping of Fuerteventura.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Isla de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain, 1780 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Isla de la Gran Canaria, por Don Tomás Lopez, geografo de los dominios de S. M., de las Reales academias de la historia, de San Fernando, de la de buenas letras de Sevilla y de la Sociedad Bascongada de los amigos del pais. It was published by se hallará este con todas las obras del autor en la Calle de las Carretas entrando por la Plazuela del Angel in 1780. Scale [ca. 1:280,000]. Covers Isla de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain. Map in Spanish.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Mercator projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, land cover, cities and towns, villages and other human settlements, towers, hospitals, parishes, shoreline features, ports and anchorage points, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes note on the mapping of Isla de Gran Canaria.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Isla de Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Spain, 1779 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Mapa de la isla de Lanzarote, por Don Tomás Lopez, geografo de los dominios de S. M., de las Reales academias de la historia, de San Fernando, de la de buenas letras de Sevilla y de la Sociedad Bascongada de los amigos del pais. It was published by se hallará este con todas las obras del autor en la Calle de las Carretas entrando por la Plazuela del Angel in 1779. Scale [ca. 1:280,000]. Covers Isla de Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Spain. Map in Spanish.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Mercator projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, land cover, villages and other human settlements, roads, shoreline features, ports and anchorage points, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes note on the mapping of Lanzarote and inset map: Mapa de la isla de del Hierro.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Isla de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, 1779 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Mapa de la isla de Tenerife, por Don Tomás Lopez, geografo de los dominios de S. M., de las Reales academias de la historia, de San Fernando, de la de buenas letras de Sevilla y de la Sociedad Bascongada de los amigos del pais. It was published by se hallará este con todas las obras del autor en la Calle de las Carretas entrando por la Plazuela del Angel in 1779. Scale [ca. 1:280,000]. Covers Isla de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. Map in Spanish.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Mercator projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, land cover, cities and towns, villages and other human settlements, fortification and watch towers, roads, shoreline features, ports and anchorage points, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes note on the mapping of Tenerife.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Syair ibadat : manuscript, [not after 1843]

Title from fly leaf 1.

Entre el terror y la solidaridad : La influencia de la revolución haitiana en las independencias de Venezuela y Nueva Granada (1804-1825)

En este trabajo me propongo analizar la influencia de la revolución de Haití en las independencias de Venezuela y Colombia durante los años 1804-1825. Miintención es demostrar que las repercusiones del proceso haitiano fueron vastas, complejas y sufrieron importantes cambios durante el transcurso de los años. En líneas generales, la revolución generó pánico entre las elites criollas y peninsulares y esperanzas entre grupos de esclavos y pardos. Inicialmente los sectores criollos revolucionarios buscaron evitar todo contacto con la isla y eludir el modelo insurgente haitiano por considerar que produciría en la Tierra Firme una "guerra de razas" y una hecatombe similar a la que, en su opinión, allí había acontecido. Sin embargo, a partir de 1812-1813 debido a las dificultades de la guerra de independencia una fracción de la elite criolla comenzó a estrechar vínculos con la República del Sur de Haití a través de contactos diplomáticos y corsarios. Estas primeras relaciones, más bien tímidas, fueron la condición de posibilidad de un cambio importante que sobrevino en 1816. En dicho año, debido a la reconquista de la expedición realista, la mayoría de los líderes independentistas huyeron de Tierra Firme y tuvieron que exiliarse en Haití, uno de los pocos lugares donde encontraron refugio y apoyo. En aquel contexto, se dio el pacto entre Alexandre Petión y Simón Bolívar, por el cual el primero se comprometió a aportar armas, barcos y hombres a la causa patriota a cambio de la emancipación de los esclavos hispanoamericanos. Este acuerdo fue fundamental ya que no sólo posibilitó la exitosa contraofensiva independentista, sino que además le dio un cariz social al proceso revolucionario de Venezuela y Colombia. Así, a partir de 1816 y hasta 1821, se dieron numerosos contactos e incluso el gobierno de Jean Pierre Boyer (sucesor de Alexandre Petión) colaboró con otras dos expediciones a cargo de Gregor Mac Gregor para liberar Panamá y Río Hacha. Sin embargo, el cambio no fue total y aún durante estos años, los líderes criollos continuaron teniendo reparos frente al peligro de la explosión de un nuevo Haití en la Tierra Firme hispana. Por último, el fin de la guerra de independencia abrió un nuevo contexto en el cual aquellos miedos se intensificaron debido a la movilización social interna. Esto derivó en nuevo alejamiento y el gobierno de Colombia no sólo se negó a mantener relaciones con Haití, sino que incluso lo excluyó del Congreso de Panamá.