892 resultados para Línguas estrangeiras


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Pós-graduação em Linguística e Língua Portuguesa - FCLAR

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The purpose of this paper is to examine the paratexts, mainly prefaces and notes, written by translators on writings of foreigners' travels in Brazil, with the purpose of evidencing which perspective guided their translations, if the perspective of the foreign author is adopted or if it is that of the domestic reader. The works examined were published by the Brazilian publishing house Companhia Editora Nacional in the Brasiliana Colllection. Most of the translators adopted a welcoming discourse to the author in their prefaces, but their prefaces, translations and notes reveal a certain tension between what they stated and what was effectively done, with moments of rupture in which the author's meanings are questioned and even denied. According to my analysis, this happens because the several forces acting on the translation, the author, the translator and the text to be translated, the languages involved, the reader are not working linearly, but in constant tension. As a result, different perspectives are adopted in different translations, but in the same translation there are moments in which the foreign pole is privileged and moments in which the domestic pole emerges.

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Reconhecer as unidades fraseológicas de um texto ao traduzi-lo representa para o tradutor uma das grandes dificuldades impostas à sua tarefa de interpretação. Para além do simples reconhecimento, a identificação de um equivalente apropriado na língua de chegada, considerando seu registro de uso e a carga metafórica que encerra, dentre outros aspectos presentes em tais unidades, impõem ao tradutor um árduo trabalho de pesquisa e análise linguística. Analisamos aqui, além da organização da mega, macro e microestrutura, a tradução para o português de unidades fraseológicas em três dicionários bilíngues na direção espanhol/português, a saber: Señas – Diccionario para la enseñanza de la lengua española para brasileños (Universidad Alcalá de Henares), Diccionario Bilíngüe de Uso Español-Portugués/Português-Espanhol e o Gran Diccionario Español/Portugués/ Português/Espanhol. A análise é feita a partir de um levantamento abrangendo as unidades agrupadas pelo campo semântico 'nome de animal', especificamente as organizadas na entrada 'gato'. Embora a expressão de idéias afins seja comum a diferentes línguas e culturas, o maior ou menor grau de idiomatismo de algumas expressões pode ocasionar ao tradutor diferentes níveis de dificuldade ao tentar estabelecer equivalentes para os dois idiomas.

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In this article we address the search for equivalents in the elaboration of a model dictionary for sworn translators of terms used in bylaws, in the Portuguese-French translation direction. We present, specifically, some cases in which the morphological similarity between the two languages can lead to errors, for example false cognates.

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The purpose of this paper is to present the road taken by the Teletandem Brasil Project (Telles, 2006) and describe the modifications that have occurred in relation to the implementation of teletandem activities, which implies changes from a non-integrated modality to an integrated one (Brammerts, 1996). In order to do so, a characterization of the initial context assumed by the project is presented – non-integrated institutional teletandem - in contrast with the new environment fostered by a partnership between UNESP (Universidade Estadual Paulista) and UGA (University of Georgia). This new partnership has allowed the inclusion of teletandem into the foreign language syllabus, characterizing the institutional integrated teletandem. We also show the activities derived from this new modality.

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Como o empréstimo de palavras ocorre em praticamente todas as línguas, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi examinar um corpus paralelo na área de sensoriamento remoto para analisar termos simples, complexos e compostos traduzidos por meio de empréstimo linguístico. Esta investigação baseou-se na abordagem adotada por CAMARGO (2005, 2007), a qual se apóia nos Estudos da Tradução Baseados em Corpus (BAKER, 1995, 1996; TOGNINI-BONELLI, 2001), na Linguística de Corpus (BERBER SARDINHA, 2004) e, em parte, na Terminologia (BARROS; KRIEGER & FINATTO, 2004). Para a extração dos dados foi utilizado o programa WordSmith Tools, versão 6.0 (SCOTT, 2012). No tocante aos resultados, foram encontrados termos traduzidos por meio de empréstimos com explicitação, quando de sua primeira utilização no texto.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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This paper aims to investigate the behavior of the modal verb poder as an auxiliary verb in text written in both two Romance languages, Brazilian Portuguese and Iberian Spanish. This research follows a functionalist language approach, more precisely the Dutch Functional Grammar tradition, based on the modality classification proposed by Hengeveld (2004). This author considers two main criteria: target of evaluation, and semantic domain of evaluation. Considering this classification, we analyze the use of the auxiliary verb poder in a corpus of self-help discourses, which currently enjoy enormous popularity in various parts of the world. Although in Portuguese the auxiliary verb poder is essentially an epistemic modal (cf. Neves 1999-2000) —which, according to the Hengeveld (2004), corresponds to the event-oriented epistemic modality—. However, our analysis show that, given the essentially optimistic nature of the discourse analyzed, the self-help discourse, the previously mentioned modal verb (poder) behaves predominantly as a participant-oriented facultative modal. This result demonstrates the importance of considering the context of occurrence of the verb poder in order to evaluate the effects of meaning associated with its use.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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This paper, which examines restrictive and non-restrictive constructions in the Lusophone varieties, assumes that Portuguese has a set of relativization strategies that are recognized by typological linguistics as constructions that define related groups of languages. Thus, it is possible that these different strategies, when employed by the same linguistic system, not really constitute variants of the same syntactic variable but the speaker’s actual choices facing the necessity to perform different social and discursive functions.

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As a more extensive issue, this paper deals with the polysemy attested in all Romance languages between interrogative pronouns and subordination markers in complex sentences. It investigates, specifically, the behavior of objective complement clauses introduced by “como” (“how”) in constructions in which they occur as equivalent to the meaning of prototypical declarative complement clause introduced by the conjunction “que” (“that”). It analyzes complement clauses introduced by “como” and “que” occurring in representative Portuguese texts from the thirteenth to the twentieth centuries. The results of the comparative analysis between the two forms of clausal complement show that in archaic Portuguese “como” was used primarily to introduce complement clauses of factive verbs. When the complement clause is introduced by “como”, the content that is presupposed as true due to the meaning of matrix verb has reinforced this factuality. In the passage from the archaic to the modern period, there was a drastic decrease in the frequency of occurrences of complement clauses with “como”, which are replaced by the form of completive introduced by the conjunction “que” in the context of factual constructions. In contemporary Portuguese, this replacement is fully established. Complement clauses with “como” remain rare and limited to specific contexts in which “como” maintains its reinforcement function of factual meaning.