Alcohol consumption in young college students

Descriptive Cross-sectional study involving 787 students from a private university in Bogota. Its objectives were to determine the alcohol consump- tion prevalence, alcoholism and risk of alcoholism and determine the current pattern of alcohol con- sumption. A survey –which included the CAgE index– was used to collect the data. A prevalence of alcoholism of 23%, and of risk of alcoholism of 15% were found. Results show that alcohol con- sumption in university students begins in high school and it is a problematic conduct that it is worth being enlarged and analyzed in greater detail including other variables and perfecting the diag- nosis of alcoholism and its risk in order to achieve early identification and intervention.

Assessment of construct validity and reliability of the inventory of masculinity and femininity in adolescents and young adults Colombian

This study evaluated the construct validity and reliability of Femininity and Masculinity Inventory-Imafe (Lara, 1993), and calculated standardized punctuations for Colombian teenagers and young adults. Participants were 1527 male and female, between 15 and 42. The general and scale reliability was evaluated through Alfa and Guttmann coefficients, and the factor analysis was used to estimate the construct validity. Standardized punctuations were obtained for gender, since there were statistically significant differences for sex in the six scales of the instrument. The inventory presented reliability values that oscillated between .76 and .88, and the factorial analysis showed three factors coherent with the factors found in its original validation. Correlacional inter-scales analysis and sex-differences were theoretically consistent.

Family Characterization of Young Experimental Consumers of Psychoactive Substances Seen in the Toxicology Department at Colsubsidio

This investigation characterized families of adolescents experimenting with psychoactive substances (PAS) consumption. Materials and methods: For this purpose, a qualitative study with a hermeneutical emphasis was conducted among a population of adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 who have experimented with PAS. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients and their families employing a flexible protocol of 14 categories. Results: The findings showed low levels of family cohesion and sense of family identity, inconsistency between educational patterns followed by the parents, as well as deficient parental support. Similarly, the findings indicate significant peer influence during the first stages of consumption of illegal substances. In this regard, the findings suggest that more than providing physical satisfaction, consumption represents a form of acquiring prestige and social position while granting a sensation of psychological, emotional and social well-being. Conclusions: Parental influence was also found considerable in regarding the consumption of legal PAS, like alcohol and tobacco. The study identified as a high-priority need to promote and incorporate communication and conflict resolution skills within the family dynamics by means of prevention and monitoring programs. Those skills and programs would be aimed at providing parents of adolescents experimenting with PAS consumption with new educational tools to orientate new raising guidelines so as to respond appropriately to the problems identified in this study.

Doing and using educational research : engaging researchers, practitioners and policy makers in productive partnerships. 'Haciendo y usando la investigación educativa : involucrando investigadores, docentes y diseñadores de políticas en asociaciones productivas'.

Resumen de la autora. Este artículo pertenece al monográfico 'John Elliott: su pensamiento y su influencia'

Reference values for handgrip strength in among healthy young adults

Background: Isometric grip strength, evaluated with a handgrip dynamometer, is a marker of current nutritional status and cardiometabolic risk and future morbidity and mortality. We present reference values for handgrip strength in healthy young Colombian adults (aged 18 to 29 years). Methods: The sample comprised 5.647 (2.330 men and 3.317 women) apparently healthy young university students (mean age, 20.6±2.7 years) attending public and private institutions in the cities of Bogota and Cali (Colombia). Handgrip strength was measured two times with a TKK analogue dynamometer in both hands and the highest value used in the analysis. Sex- and age-specific normative values for handgrip strength were calculated using the LMS method and expressed as tabulated percentiles from 3 to 97 and as smoothed centile curves (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90 and P97). Results: Mean values for right and left handgrip strength were 38.1±8.9 and 35.9±8.6 kg for men, and 25.1±8.7 and 23.3±8.2 kg for women, respectively. Handgrip strength increased with age in both sexes and was significantly higher in men in all age categories. The results were generally more homogeneous amongst men than women. Conclusions: Sex- and age-specific handgrip strength normative values among healthy young Colombian adults are defined. This information may be helpful in future studies of secular trends in handgrip strength and to identify clinically relevant cut points for poor nutritional and elevated cardiometabolic risk in a Latin American population. Evidence of decline in handgrip strength before the end of the third decade is of concern and warrants further investigation

Conflict, wages, and multiple equilibria

Firms’ compensation practices affect the protection of investors’ interests and the degree of economic inequality by changing the stakes of engaging in appropriation activities versus respecting the status quo. We use a general equilibrium model where workers can either work peacefully or join a guerrilla movement that expropriates entrepreneurs. If workers are peaceful, they receive a competitive wage. If they join a guerrilla movement, they receive a share of the appropriated wealth, which depends positively on the number of guerrilla members. In this framework, we find one low-income, low-wage equilibrium with guerrilla activity and one peaceful, high-income, high-wage equilibrium. The peaceful equilibrium can be reached through redistribution policies, which can be implemented at the firm level. In essence, through their compensation policies entrepreneurs, not the state might be able to protect their assets against expropriation and simultaneously control the internal principal-agent problem.

How to become a young scientist. 'Cómo llegar a ser un joven científico'.

Resumen tomado parcialmente de los autores

Models of teaching foreign languages to young children. 'Modelos de enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras en Educación Infantil'.

Resumen tomado del autor. Resumen también en francés e inglés

Literature in the foreign language syllabus : engaging the student through active learning. 'El rol de la literatura en la enseñanza de la lengua extranjera : la implicación del estudiante en el aula a través del aprendizaje activo'.

Resumen en español. Resumen tomado de la publicación

Young learners. 'Jóvenes aprendices'.

Presenta tambien el material necesario para la realización de las actividades. Índice temático

Food watch : the young person's guide to protecting the planet.

Llama la atención sobre las preocupaciones ambientales y sugiere una manera para prevenir más daños. Explica los problemas del hambre en el mundo, el efecto de los controles químicos de plagas y el debate en torno a los alimentos genéticamente modificados. Para poner de relieve lo que ya se está haciendo incluye un día en la vida una bióloga marina de las islas Shetland, una entomóloga de la Universidad de California,un ganadero de granja lechera en Nueva Zelanda y una nutricionista de Médicos sin Fronteras, que describen cómo su trabajo es mejorar la gestión del planeta. Sugiere formas de proteger nuestro planeta para el futuro.

Young bilingual children in nursery school.

Presenta las conclusiones de un estudio etnolingüístico llevado a cabo en el noreste de Inglaterra sobre el comportamiento lingüístico de niños de tres años de edad durante el primer año en el jardín de infancia. Se trata de niños británicos, pero de familias de inmigrantes de tercera generación, que hablan otros idiomas, además del inglés, en sus hogares y comunidades. Tanto los métodos de investigación como las conclusiones se pueden extrapolar a niños de otras sociedades donde el inglés es el idioma oficial en la enseñanza. Resulta de interés para padres, maestros y otras personas interesadas en las vidas de los niños pequeños.

The multicolored mirror : cultural substance in literature for children and young adults.

Incluye los trabajos presentados en una conferencia que lleva el mismo nombre del libro, y que pretende servir de recurso para profesores, bibliotecarios, educadores y otras personas interesadas en la literatura como un hecho cultural. El término 'multicultural' se utiliza para referirse a las personas de color, incluidos los afroamericanos, los indios americanos, los asiáticos americanos y los hispanos.

Ocean watch : the young person's guide to protecting the planet.

Quiere llamar la atención sobre los acuciantes problemas medioambientales que sufren la Tierra y sus océanos, así como, sugerir formas de prevenir mayores daños. Explica cuáles son estas amenazas, desde la sobrepesca a los daños causados por las tormentas y la destrucción del hábitat. Pero también se destacan informes y trabajos de profesionales que proponen maneras de mejorar la gestión del planeta y protegerlo para el futuro. En la cub. : Blue Peter. .

Five-minute activities for young learners.

Actividades diseñada para estudiantes entre seis y doce años organizadas en torno a seis temas que reflejan el contenido de los exámenes de Inglés y el programa de estudios en la mayoría de las aulas de primaria: animales, viajes, fantasía y aventura, el mundo que nos rodea, un cuerpo sano, y acerca de mí. Las actividades están organizadas por tema y por nivel para que sean fáciles de adecuar a los estudiantes. Fomentan un uso del lenguaje y de la comunicación adecuado a los alumnos de enseñanza primaria. Cada una de ellas contiene información sobre la preparación, el procedimiento, la concentración y habilidades de pensamiento. Pueden ser utilizadas de forma flexible en cualquier orden y en cualquier punto de un programa de enseñanza, además, su diseño permite a los profesores a adaptar y aplicar las ideas a otros temas. Tiene un apéndice con enlaces y sitios web.