996 resultados para Organizational capability


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o presente trabalho é um estudo de caso que tem por objetivo avaliar se a implementação da prática empresarial Gestão de Projetos na empresa pública Dataprev - Empresa de Tecnologia e Informações da Previdência Social, avançou rumo à flexibilização organizacional. Demandas do contexto governamental e previdenciário na direção da adoção de modelo de gestão que viesse a privilegiar a flexibilidade organizacional na administração pública contribuíram para que, em junho de 2000, a Dataprev desse início à implementação da prática Gestão de Projetos, visando alavancar e sedimentar gestão orientada a resultados voltados, principalmente, à qualidade e prontidão dos serviços/produtos. o estudo em questão foi realizado por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, levantamento documental e aplicação de questionário em gerentes patrocinadores e líderes dos projetos cadastrados no Sistema Gestão de Projetos da Empresa, no período de junho de 2000 a julho de 2003. o questionário aplicado abordou seis aspectos considerados críticos para avaliação do nível de maturidade da Gestão de Projetos segundo adaptação ao modelo de maturidade de Harold Kerzner, na direção de uma prática bem sucedida que considera como resultados competitivos prazo, custo e qualidade. Os fatores abordados e que dão sustentação a essa prática são apoio gerencial, cultura, metodologia/processos, tecnologia/ferramenta e capacitação. Considerando que o desempenho dos projetos na Dataprev, no que diz respeito ao cumprimento de prazos, não atingiu patamares elevados, impactando tanto na qualidade, quanto nos custos, e tendo em vista a ocorrência de situações próprias da gestão pública, na qual prevaleceu a descontinuidade administrativa, devido a sucessivas mudanças na direção da Empresa, limitações orçamentárias prejudicando os investimentos necessários, a cultura com predominância de relações hierárquicas e departamentalizadas e a pouca visão estratégica com foco em resultados e alinhamento às necessidades do cliente, pode-se dizer que a Dataprev avançou pouco rumo à flexibilização. Na percepção dos respondentes ao questionário há. evidências de que, quanto ao nível de maturidade, a empresa está saindo da fase embrionária para, agora, iniciar o seu processo de crescimento. Apesar de ter sido inovadora ao elaborar uma metodologia e construir uma ferramenta própria de planejamento, acompanhamento e avaliação dos projetos, não foi suficiente para garantir resultados mais exitosos. Na ausência das condições necessárias para dar sustentação à gestão tais como o necessário comprometimento por parte dos patrocinadores, de cultura voltada para a responsabilização e compartilhamento e investimento na capacitação de seus profissionais, prevaleceu por meio do controle na execução dos projetos, a cultura da nonna e do poder, reforçando posturas próprias do modelo tecnoburocrático. Hoje percebe-se na empresa que essas condições facilitadoras estão mais asseguradas, o que já torna possível a transformação do discurso em realidade e remete a uma reflexão de que Gestão de Projetos e Flexibilização Organizacional são interdependentes e, portanto, devem caminhar juntas para o alcance da eficácia organizacional. Do discurso à realidade. Atualmente a Dataprev encontra-se em processo de mudança implantando escritório de projetos, estrutura horizontalizada em uma das diretorias e construindo o seu Planejamento Estratégico Participativo 2004/2007.

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Este trabalho tem por objetivo revelar o inter-relacionamento envolvendo os principais determinantes da capacidade de inovação. Até hoje inexistem estudos empíricos que apresentam um modelo abrangente sobre uma base de dados em larga escala mostrando as principais rotas para o desenvolvimento da capacidade de inovação. A partir de uma revisão abrangente e sistemática da literatura, construiu-se um modelo teórico integrando os principais fatores sugeridos em artigos teóricos e de revisão. Desenvolveu-se uma escala de medição confiável e testou-se o modelo empiricamente em uma amostra de 243 firmas brasileiras de vários ramos empresariais. Os métodos utilizados incluem a análise fatorial confirmatória, equações estruturais e a análise multigrupo da invariância estrutural. Os resultados evidenciaram o efeito direto do conhecimento do cliente e do mercado, assim como da gestão estratégica da tecnologia sobre o desempenho em inovação. Ambos os fatores são afetados pela intenção estratégica de inovar e pela liderança transformadora, por meio da gestão de pessoas para inovação. A organicidade da estrutura organizacional e a gestão de projetos têm efeito moderador positivo sobre a relação entre a gestão estratégica da tecnologia e o desempenho em inovação. Esse efeito moderador, entretanto, não se revelou na relação entre o conhecimento do cliente e do mercado e o desempenho em inovação, o que foi explicado post-hoc. O valor deste estudo está na apresentação de uma escala de medição confiável e de um modelo teórico validado empiricamente que integra várias correntes de estudo e explicita como a ação da liderança pode estruturar e alavancar os recursos gerenciais para gerar e manter a capacidade da organização de inovar. Tal modelo se constitui em um road-map que pode ajudar os gerentes a desenvolver estratégias e práticas capazes de alavancar o desempenho em inovação.

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Poucos temas apresentam tanta concordância entre os pesquisadores organizacionais como a importância da inovação para o desempenho e a efetividade organizacional. O tema inovação é tão importante quanto é vasta e diversificada a sua literatura. Mas, se por um lado, se reconhece a importância do tema, por outro, se constata que o entendimento do comportamento inovador nas organizações permanece ainda relativamente pouco desenvolvido, sobretudo no setor público. Do ponto de vista da gestão da inovação, interessa saber quais são os fatores organizacionais que determinam a capacidade que a organização tem para inovar. Nesse aspecto, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as características e os fatores organizacionais indutores ou inibidores dos processos de inovação no Instituto Nacional de Criminalística e na Diretoria Técnico-Científica da Polícia Federal, na percepção dos sujeitos que se envolveram com o desenvolvimento de ideias inovadoras no ambiente pesquisado. Com esse propósito, foi realizado um levantamento a fim de avaliar a percepção dos sujeitos da pesquisa quanto a 15 fatores característicos relevantes para os processos de inovação, postulados pelos pesquisadores do Minnesota Innovation Research Program – MIRP, da Universidade de Minnesota. A amostra obtida foi composta de 62 atores organizacionais que retornaram o questionário, encaminhado para 79 peritos, que se envolveram no desenvolvimento ou implantação de 42 diferentes ideias inovadoras. Os resultados indicaram que dos 15 fatores analisados, dez fatores (67%) foram percebidos como indutores dos processos de inovação enquanto três fatores (20%) foram percebidos como inibidores desses processos. Dois fatores obtiveram pouca convergência das respostas, de forma que os dados obtidos não permitiram concluir se tais fatores atuavam favorecendo ou inibindo o desenvolvimento de inovações no ambiente pesquisado. Os resultados confirmaram o pressuposto levantado na pesquisa de que o ambiente organizacional pesquisado apresenta elementos característicos que favorecem o desenvolvimento de inovações.

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Estamos vivenciando uma era na qual a convergência entre a tecnologia da informação e a comunicação vem sendo identificada, por diversos estudiosos e acadêmicos, como a responsável pelas mudanças identificadas na sociedade, na economia e na revisão do papel do Estado ocorridas na segunda metade do século XX. Segundo estes pesquisadores, com sua apregoada capacidade de transformação dos conceitos de tempo e espaço, a convergência tecnológica vem introduzindo profundas transformações no modelo de gestão das empresas a partir do momento em que velocidade, flexibilidade, capacidade de integração e capacidade de inovação tornam-se fatores críticos de sucesso para qualquer organização que queira ser bem sucedida na economia atual. Cada vez mais eficácia, eficiência, disponibilidade e produtividade são exigidas dos profissionais, independentemente do nível hierárquico, da especialização ou da localização física de seus escritórios. Essa dissertação tem como objetivo verificar se a utilização de ferramentas oriundas da convergência da tecnologia da informação e comunicação pode ser considerada como um fator determinante para a implementação de uma organização com barreiras fluidas.

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Research on paternalistic leadership (PL) has been based exclusively on national cultures´ differences. However there are cues that other contextual variables can add to the explanation of this construct. Due to its capacity to influence expectations of individuals in organizations, organizational culture can contribute to fill this gap. To test if organizational culture influences the effectiveness of leadership style, we conducted two experimental studies using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk, comparing effects of paternalistic and transformational leadership on followers’ outcomes. Using video clips and vignettes, we found that PL is better related to followers´ outcomes in cultures oriented to people than outcome, and that TL has a better relationship in cultures oriented to innovation than stability. The results suggest that organizational culture helps in explaining PL endorsement, and that further analysis of the influence of this variable to PL can provide a better understanding of the expression of this leadership style in organizations.

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Although cross-cultural leadership research has thrived in international business literature, little attention has been devoted to understanding the effectiveness of non-western theories beyond their original contexts. The purpose of this study is to examine the cross-cultural endorsement of paternalistic leadership, an emerging non-western leadership theory, using data from GLOBE project. Using multigroup confirmatory factor analyses we found measurement equivalence of a scale derived from GLOBE’s data, which enabled us to compare the endorsement of paternalistic leadership dimensions across 10 cultural clusters and 55 societies. Our study revealed that there are significant differences in the importance societies give to each dimension, suggesting that paternalism as leadership style is not universally nor homogeneously endorsed. Furthermore, results suggest that different patterns of endorsement of each of these dimensions give rise to idiosyncratic shades of paternalistic leadership across societies. Implications for theory and future research on international business are discussed.

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The purpose of this project is to understand, under a social constructionist approach, what are the meanings that external facilitators and organizational members (sponsors) working with dialogic methods place on themselves and their work. Dialogic methods, with the objective of engaging groups in flows of conversations to envisage and co-create their own future, are growing fast within organizations as a means to achieve collective change. Sharing constructionist ideas about the possibility of multiple realities and language as constitutive of such realities, dialogue has turned into a promising way for transformation, especially in a macro context of constant change and increasing complexity, where traditional structures, relationships and forms of work are questioned. Research on the topic has mostly focused on specific methods or applications, with few attempts to study it in a broader sense. Also, despite the fact that dialogic methods work on the assumption that realities are socially constructed, few studies approach the topic from a social constructionist perspective, as a research methodology per se. Thus, while most existing research aims at explaining whether or how particular methods meet particular results, my intention is to explore the meanings sustaining these new forms of organizational practice. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 25 people working with dialogic methods: 11 facilitators and 14 sponsors, from 8 different organizations in Brazil. Firstly, the research findings indicate several contextual elements that seem to sustain the choices for dialogic methods. Within this context, there does not seem to be a clear or specific demand for dialogic methods, but a set of different motivations, objectives and focuses, bringing about several contrasts in the way participants name, describe and explain their experiences with such methods, including tensions on power relations, knowledge creation, identity and communication. Secondly, some central ideas or images were identified within such contrasts, pointing at both directions: dialogic methods as opportunities for the creation of new organizational realities (with images of a ‘door’ or a ‘flow’, for instance, which suggest that dialogic methods may open up the access to other perspectives and the creation of new realities); and dialogic methods as new instrumental mechanisms that seem to reproduce the traditional and non-dialogical forms of work and relationship. The individualistic tradition and its tendency for rational schematism - pointed out by social constructionist scholars as strong traditions in our Western Culture - could be observed in some participants’ accounts with the image of dialogic methods as a ‘gym’, for instance, in which dialogical – and idealized –‘abilities’ could be taught and trained, turning dialogue into a tool, rather than a means for transformation. As a conclusion, I discuss what the implications of such taken-for-granted assumptions may be, and offer some insights into dialogue (and dialogic methods) as ‘the art of being together’.

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This document represents a doctoral thesis held under the Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration of Getulio Vargas Foundation (EBAPE/FGV), developed through the elaboration of three articles. The research that resulted in the articles is within the scope of the project entitled “Windows of opportunities and knowledge networks: implications for catch-up in developing countries”, funded by Support Programme for Research and Academic Production of Faculty (ProPesquisa) of Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration (EBAPE) of Getulio Vargas Foundation.

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A key to maintain Enterprises competitiveness is the ability to describe, standardize, and adapt the way it reacts to certain types of business events, and how it interacts with suppliers, partners, competitors, and customers. In this context the field of organization modeling has emerged with the aim to create models that help to create a state of self-awareness in the organization. This project's context is the use of Semantic Web in the Organizational modeling area. The Semantic Web technology advantages can be used to improve the way of modeling organizations. This was accomplished using a Semantic wiki to model organizations. Our research and implementation had two main purposes: formalization of textual content in semantic wiki pages; and automatic generation of diagrams from organization data stored in the semantic wiki pages.

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The IT capability is a organizational ability to perform activities of this role more effectively and an important mechanism in creating value. Its building process (stages of creation and development) occurs through management initiatives for improvement in the performance of their activities, using human resources and IT assets complementary responsible for the evolution of their organizational routines. This research deals with the IT capabilities related to SIG (integrated institutional management systems), built and deployed in UFRN (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte) to realization and control of administrative, academic and human resources activities. Since 2009, through cooperative agreements with federal and educational institutions of direct administration, UFRN has supported the implementation of these systems, currently involving more than 30 institutions. The present study aims to understand how IT capabilities, relevant in the design, implementation and dissemination of SIG, were built over time. This is a single case study of qualitative and longitudinal nature, performed by capturing, coding and analysis from secondary data and from semi-structured interviews conducted primarily with members of Superintenência de Informática, organizational unit responsible for SIG systems in UFRN. As a result, the technical, of internal relationship and external cooperation capabilities were identified as relevant in the successful trajectory of SIG systems, which have evolved in different ways. The technical capacity, initiated in 2004, toured the stages of creation and development until it reached the stage of stability in 2013, due to technological limits. Regarding the internal relationship capability, begun in 2006, it toured the stages of creation and development, having extended its scope of activities in 2009, being in development since then. Unlike the standard life cycle observed in the literature, the external cooperation capability was initiated by an intensity of initiatives and developments in the routines in 2009, which were decreasing to cease in 2013 in order to stabilize the technological infrastructure already created for cooperative institutions. It was still identified the start of cooperation in 2009 as an important event selection, responsible for changing or creating trajectories of evolution in all three capacities. The most frequent improvements initiatives were of organizational nature and the internal planning activity has been transformed over the routines of the three capabilities. Important resources and complementary assets have been identified as important for the realization of initiatives, such as human resources technical knowledge to the technical capabilities and external cooperation, and business knowledge, for all of them, as well as IT assets: the iproject application for control of development processes, and the document repository wiki. All these resources and complementary assets grew along the capacities, demonstrating its strategic value to SINFO/UFRN

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The internationalization as an organizational phenomenon fundamentally strategic had as theoretical contributions some Schools that throughout the decades 60, 70, and 80 developed behavioral and economic approaches in order to explain the process. The behavioral approach deals with the perception of phenomenon as a gradual process from the perspective of the executives behavior (JOHANSON and VAHLNE, 1977; HALLÉN and WIEDERSHEIM - PAUL, 1979; CZINKOTA, 1985). This phenomenon in permanent theoretical and managerial evolution made an opportunity to build this investigation, whose goal is to analyse the impact comes from organizational capabilities and the external environment on the international performance of exporting firms. For both, were used as theoretical basis two types of analysis for the comprehension of international performance: Strategic Management - Industrial Organization and Resource-Based View and International Businesses - Current Economic and Behavioral. It was made a cross-sectional survey-based explanatory research, including 150 exporting companies with operations in the Northeast of Brazil. A conceptual model was made with eight constructs and eight research hypotheses, representative of the effects of external factors on international performance. The data were processed using the Exploratory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. The structural equations model was reespecified and estimated through the use of the maximum-likelihood method up to achieve adequated values of indexes of adjustment. As the main theoretical contribution, were identified organizational and physical resources which shows the importance of the management skills development, of the learning capability and capability to establish strategic alliances abroad. That because the knowledge, as the operational point of view as in its strategic application, offers to organization conditions of market positioning which can create opportunities sustainable competitive advantages and which impact the performance of international companies

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This paper characterizes humic substances (HS) extracted from soil samples collected in the Rio Negro basin in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, particularly investigating their reduction capabilities towards Hg(II) in order to elucidate potential mercury cycling/volatilization in this environment. For this reason, a multimethod approach was used, consisting of both instrumental methods (elemental analysis, EPR, solid-state NMR, FIA combined with cold-vapor AAS of Hg(0)) and statistical methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) and a central composite factorial planning method. The HS under study were divided into groups, complexing and reducing ones, owing to different distribution of their functionalities. The main functionalities (cor)related with reduction of Hg(II) were phenolic, carboxylic and amide groups, while the groups related with complexation of Hg(II) were ethers, hydroxyls, aldehydes and ketones. The HS extracted from floodable regions of the Rio Negro basin presented a greater capacity to retain (to complex, to adsorb physically and/or chemically) Hg(II), while nonfloodable regions showed a greater capacity to reduce Hg(II), indicating that HS extracted from different types of regions contribute in different ways to the biogeochemical mercury cycle in the basin of the mid-Rio Negro, AM, Brazil. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.

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This paperwork attempts to measure the project management maturity in the State Department of Taxation in Rio Grande do Norte. Project management has shown to be a critical component to any organization success, as the projects are directly related to a set of activities resulting into organizational innovations such as products, services and processes; and its improvement is directly aligned with the strategic management. Methodologically, this paperwork uses both a quantitative and qualitative approach that will be applied to the coordinators, sub-coordinators, and directors of the Regional Offices of the State Department of Taxation. In the theoretical reference it is about the public management and analyzes the strategic management in contemporary public administration. Presents the maturity in project management is by discussing the main models: CMM, Capability Maturity Model; PMMM, Project Management Maturity Model; OPM3, Organization Project Maturity Model and the Prado-MMGP, Modelo de Maturidade em Gerenciamento de Projetos. From this analysis, considering attributes as an aid in taking strategic positioning, access to the model, possibility of benchmarking and continuous improvement, the Prado-MMGP model was the most appropriate for this research process. It has been proved that the State Department of Taxation shows a very low project management maturity level. Regarding the acceptance of the maturity dimensions by the State Department, it is still in an early developmental stage, as one of the dimensions showed a poor performance while the rest showed a regular one. In contrast with similar organizations, the maturity results have shown to be below the national average. The maturity assessment enables in the institution the implementation of a plan for institutional growth with the creation of sector strategic and project management

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)