Las sociedades cooperativas de vivienda. Especial referencia al País Vasco

[ES] Son muy diversos los sectores en los que ejercen su actividad las sociedades cooperativas. La sociedad cooperativa de viviendas es una clase específica de dentro de las de consumidores, regulada como una «clase» diferenciada en las leyes, que presenta particularidades que es preciso conocer. Constituyen entidades con un lugar propio dentro del sector inmobiliario con una nada despreciable contribución a la promoción de vivienda. En el País Vasco son en cuantía las más importantes después de las de trabajo asociado. La sociedad cooperativa de viviendas se caracteriza como empresa de participación dentro del sector inmobiliario, en la medida que son los propios usuarios de las viviendas los responsables de la toma de decisiones en la promoción inmobiliaria.

Annual report 2002 - North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES). Eleventh meeting, Qingdao, People's Republic of China, October 18-16, 2002

Report of Opening Session (pdf 51 KB) Report of Governing Council Meeting(pdf 136 KB) Report of the Finance and Administration Committee (pdf 48 KB) Reports of Science Board and Committees: Science Board (pdf 71 KB) Biological Oceanography Committee (pdf 66 KB) Working Group 14: Effective sampling of micronekton Marine Birds and Mammals Advisory Panel Fishery Science Committee (pdf 36 KB) Working Group 16: Climate change, shifts to fish production, and fisheries management Marine Environmental Quality Committee (pdf 39 KB) Working Group 15: Ecology of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in the North Pacific Physical Oceanography and Climate Committee (pdf 49 KB) North Pacific Data Buoy Advisory Panel Working Group 17: Biogeochemical data integration and synthesis Technical Committee on Data Exchange (pdf 29 KB) Implementation Panel on the CCCC Program (pdf 43 KB) BASS Task Team (pdf 30 KB) Iron Fertilization Experiment Advisory Panel MODEL Task Team (pdf 28 KB) MONITOR Task Team (pdf 34 KB) Summary of Continuous Plankton Recorder activities in 2002 REX Task Team (pdf 21 KB) Documenting Scientific Sessions (pdf 140 KB) List of Participants (pdf 59 KB) List of Acronyms (pdf 21 KB)

热喷涂构件中残余应力的理论分析

本文发展一种新的分析涂层结构（平板、梁）热残余应力的模型，可以研究骤冷过程（Quenching）和冷却过程（Cooling）在涂层结构内引发的残余应力分布。与以往模型相比，其优势在于：它可以考虑源于喷涂过程的涂层孔隙率、温度梯度等因素对于涂层和基底内残余应力的影响。其中孔隙率和温度分布由计算机模拟涂层沉积过程得到。另外，当基底的材料和几何参数被固定时，我们分析了诸如涂层的理想模量、厚度、热膨胀系数等参数，对于涂层结构中最终残余应力分布的改变机理。

The hydrography of Elkhorn Slough: a shallow California coastal Eebayment: Annual Report, Part 2, 1973

From October 1970 through February 1972, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, secchi depth and five major nutrients were observed at approximately monthly intervals in Elkhorn Slough and Moss Landing Harbor. In addition, similar hourly observations were made during two tidal studies during the wet and dry seasons. From the salinity measurements during the summer, a salt balance for Elkhorn Slough is formulated and rnean eddy diffusion coefficients are determined. The diffusion nlodel applied to longitudinal phosphate distributions yielded a mean diffusive flux of 12 kg P04/day (140 pg-at/m^2/day) for the area above the mean tidal prism. Consistent differences, apparently due to differing regenerati on ra tes, were observed in the phosphate and nitrogen distributions. Bottom sediments are proposed as a possible source for phosphate and as a sink for fixed nitrogen. Dairy farms located along central Elkhorn Slough are apparently a source for reduced nitrogen. During summer, nitrogen was found to be the limiting nutrient for primary production in the upper slough. Tidal observations indicated fresh water of high nutrient concentration consistently entered the harbor from fresh water sources to the south. This source water had a probable phosphate concentration of 40 to 60 ug-at/l and seasonally varying P:N ratio of 1:16 and 1:5 during the winter and summer respectively. Net production and respiration rates are calculated from diurnal variations in dissolved oxygen levels observed in upper Elkhorn Slough. Changes in phosphate associated with the variations in oxygen was close to the accepted ratio of 1:276 by atoms. Document is 88 pages.

俄罗斯《气动力学和气体动力学》新刊出版发行

<正> 与其它许多流体力学的学术刊物覆盖了范围宽广各类问题的作法不同,新出版的刊物《气动力学和气体动力学》集中发表有关超声速和高超声速等高速气流问题的科学论文.由于此类问题必须运用高效计算方法,该刊发表研究复杂流动以及伴随的高温物理化学过程(例如化学反应,分子内态自由度激波,电离,辐射等等)所发展的各种先进数值模拟方

俄罗斯《力学进展》

<正> 从2002年开始,莫斯科大学的力学研究所与力学数学系以及俄罗斯科学院理论和应用力学学会(NCTAM)赞助的力学编辑中心共同主办出版了一个新的俄文学术季刊《力学进展》.该刊论文包括邀请和投稿两类,内容将覆盖力学学科的所有分支,主要是评述力学领域研究进展和重要成果,涉及到系统论,流体力学,固体力学以及力学在工程技术与自然科学中的应用等等.该刊计划发表一系列重要的档案文献,以期反映力学发展史的关键事件,介绍创建和推动力学不同分支发展的重要学者和研究群体,关注力学界杰出人物生涯的闪光点.该刊还将提供由IUTAM,Earomech,CISM俄罗斯NCTAM等机构组织的重要活动和重新组合情况,以

热对流现代问题国际会议

<正> 热对流现代问题国际会议于2003年11月24～27日在俄罗斯别尔姆州立大学召开,会议由俄罗斯理论和应用力学国家委员会,俄罗斯科学院国家传热/传质委员会,别尔姆州立大学,俄罗斯科学院乌拉尔分院连续介质力学所,俄罗斯力学问题研究所等单位共同举办.中国、德国、意大利、法国、澳大利亚等国派代表参加了会议,俄罗斯代表约有百人,包括一批大学教授.

气脉冲发生器中火焰传播与压力变化的研究

燃烧气脉冲发生器用于电厂锅炉除灰，其工作原理是预混可燃气体在右端部分开口在内部有障碍物的容器中快速燃烧，以形成一定的压力脉冲，并产生作用于积灰表面的射流和冲击波，火焰在端流扰动装置的作用下不断加速，容器中的压力不断上升，火焰传播愈快，压力波形愈陡，压力锋值愈高，针对这些现象，该文进行了实验和理论研究。主要研究了乙炔，水煤气，液化石油气和甲烷4种燃料，在不同燃料浓度，不同阻塞比时对火焰传播和压力上升的影响，计算和实验结果对实验应用有指导作用。

化学反应流中分子扩散的二点封闭MCA模型

在化学反应流的概率密度函数(PDF)方法中，对流项和化学反应项都是封闭的，但分子扩散项必须模拟．现有的分子扩散模型都是唯象的，需要引入外加参数，并难以通过一些基本物理过程的检验．本文发展了随机映射逼近(mapping closure approximation，MCA)方法，解析地从控制方程导出一个封闭的分子扩散模型．该方法考虑两点联合概率密度函数方程，引入空间特征尺度，因此解决了以往映射封闭方法中分子扩散速率无法确定的问题．数值模拟表明该方法能用于预测标量扩散的速度，以及概率密度函数和条件平均扩散等统计量．

A informação legislativa da fonte ao veículo : análise crítica sobre os processos de articulação entre a Consultoria Legislativa e a Secretaria de Comunicação da Câmara dos Deputados

Estuda a interação entre a Consultoria Legislativa e a Secretaria de Comunicação da Câmara dos Deputados brasileira. A informação legislativa é o elo entre esses dois setores estratégicos da Câmara em sua prerrogativa constitucional de estabelecer o debate em torno dos interesses da sociedade em jogo na formulação das políticas públicas. Procura responder ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: Por que a interação entre a Consultoria Legislativa, setor responsável por produzir boa parte do conteúdo da informação legislativa, e a Secretaria de Comunicação, setor responsável pela disseminação desse conteúdo, nem sempre corresponde às expectativas e possibilidades de parceria? Ao fazer uma análise crítica da articulação entre os dois setores, o estudo procura identificar os elementos que limitam as possibilidades de parceria em todo o seu potencial; e sugerir processos ou oportunidades de cooperação para o aperfeiçoamento da interação. Do ponto de vista teórico, o trabalho tenta avançar nas reflexões sobre a comunicação pública no poder legislativo e sobre o assessoramento técnico do parlamento brasileiro. No primeiro aspecto, tenta definir o conceito "interesse público" e abordar as especificidades da comunicação pública desenvolvida no Poder Legislativo, a partir de debates formulados por autores brasileiros e também por meio de uma análise comparativa do Congresso norte-americano. No segundo, a abordagem mira sobre o modelo de assessoramento técnico adotado no Brasil, submetido às perspectivas das teorias informacional e distributiva e da natureza dos profissionais que atuam no poder legislativo, enquanto aparato burocrático a serviço do Estado. Acessoriamente, analisa as dificuldades de diálogo entre os profissionais sobre os prismas das barreiras de comunicação e das tensões inerentes às disputas de espaço num mesmo campo social. Ao incorporar experiência pessoal no projeto de intervenção, o trabalho utiliza o método da pesquisa participante. A pesquisa faz referências à relação da sociedade com o poder legislativo; divulgação institucional da atividade parlamentar; parlamento e meios de comunicação; mídia e legislativo; profissionais do legislativo e estamento burocrático no Brasil; assessoramento técnico do legislativo; barreiras na comunicação institucional; e campo simbólico.

La historiografía forestal sobre época moderna en el panorama internacional, español y vasco: una revisión bibliográfica

Manex Goihenetcheri omenaldia = Homenaje a Manex Goihenetche = Hommage a Manex Goihenetche

Territorial Integrity and Self-Determination : The Approach of the International Court of Justice in the Advisory Opinion on Kosovo

[EN] On 17 February 2008 Kosovo approved its declaration of independence from Serbia. The declaration was raised as a unilateral secession, a category which to date is widely debated by the international community, but supported in that case by a respectable number of the United Nation member states. A great many legal issues have been raised by the International Court of Justice's Advisory Opinion on Kosovo. This opinion was eagerly awaited by legal scholars due to both its possible effects and the scope of its principles outside the context of decolonization in what it could constitute of new approach to the international scenario for the twenty-first century. The ICJ stated that the declaration of independence was in accordance with international law if it was not prohibited. The answer turned on whether or not international law prohibited the declaration of independence, without ever examining whether an entity seeking secession is entitled with a positive right to secede and if so, under which circumstances. The basic issue can be summarised as whether or not we are facing a new course in the interpretation of certain classical categories of international law: the principle of territorial integrity, statehood, sovereignty, recognition, the right to external self-determination, etc. In this study we shall analyse some of the aspects arising from the Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice on the Accordance with international law of the unilateral declaration of independence in respect of Kosovo focusing on the territorial issue. Firstly we shall analyse the scope of the principle of territorial integrity of States and how it operates ; secondly, we shall focus on the scope of that principle in relation to the interior of the State, and ask ourselves how international law operates in relation to declarations of independence. Lastly, we shall deal with the principle of respect for territorial integrity in the specific case of Serbia with respect to Kosovo, and then end with a series of general conclusions. This study aims, definitely, to contribute to the theoretical debate on the challenges to the traditional certainties of international law in this area.

Status and management of the sea cucumber fishery of La Grande Terre, New Caledonia

From October 2006 to May 2008, The WorldFish Center coordinated a ZoNéCo project to provide support to the Southern and Northern Provinces for decisions about how best to manage the sea cucumber fishery around La Grande Terre. We collected data during underwater population surveys, questionnaire-based interviews with fishers and processors, and landing catch surveys. A core aim was to furnish the Provinces with ‘ballpark’ estimates of the abundance and density of commercially important sea cucumbers on 50 lagoon and barrier reefs. Analysis and synthesis of the ecological and sociological data provide the basis for informed recommendations for fisheries management. Counts of trochus and giant clams on the reefs allow us to also describe the general status of those resources. We propose 13 recommendations for management actions and fishery regulations and advocate an adaptive management approach. This multidisciplinary study should serve as a useful template for assessing other fisheries, and we provide a series of generic ‘lessons learnt’ to aid future programmes. (PDF has 140 pages.)

Los sistemas de información contable en la gestión universitaria

Los gestores y responsables universitarios necesitan cada vez más de sistemas de información que les ayuden en su gestión y en su Toma de Decisiones. Entre esos sistemas adquieren una especial relevancia los contables, por ser la referencia más utilizada y relevante en las actuaciones de los dirigentes. En este artículo se recogen los distintos sistemas de información contables existentes que pueden aplicarse en el ámbito universitario: Presupuestos, Contabilidad Financiera, Contabilidad de Costes y de Gestión así como los Indicadores de Gestión o Cuadro de Mando Integral. Se describen tanto sus características más destacadas como sus debilidades y fortalezas, así como los aspectos que deben tenerse se en cuenta para su correcta implementación. Se ahonda especialmente en aquellas herramientas que suministran una información de gran importancia para la gestión y el control universitario, pero que están siendo muy poco utilizadas y además existe un gran desconocimiento de sus ventajas para la mayor parte de los responsables universitarios.