920 resultados para reflection
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This essay offers a reflection on the concepts of identity and personal narrative, a line of argument that is closely interlaced with a subject‘s capacity to self-representation. As self-representation is necessarily composed upon remembrance processes, the question of memory as an element that directly influences the formation of an individual‘s identity becomes an emergent topic. Bearing this objective in mind, I shall highlight the notion of biographic continuity, the ability to elaborate a personal narrative, as an essential prerogative to attain a sense of identitary cohesion and coherence. On the other hand, I will argue that not only experienced memories play a key role in this process; intermediated, received narratives from the past, memories transmitted either symbolically or by elder members of the group or, what has been meanwhile termed ―postmemory‖, also influence the development of an individual‘s identitary map. This theoretical framework will be illustrated with the novel Paul Schatz im Uhrenkasten, written by German post-Holocaust author Jan Koneffke.
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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Publicidade e Marketing.
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Trabalho de Projecto submetido à Escola Superior de Teatro e Cinema para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Teatro - especialização em Artes Performativas – Teatro-Música.
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Relatório de estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Publicidade e Marketing.
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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Publicidade e Marketing.
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Para além das variáveis clínicas e sociodemográficas existem concerteza importantes componentes individuais que desempenham um contributo importante no nível de insight apresentado por cada pessoa doente, por exemplo, o nível de inteligência, personalidade, cultura, experiências passadas, memória, etc. A natureza clínica, emocional e/ou intelectual do termo ajuda-nos a compreender a complexidade da dificuldade que existe na sua tradução e, inclusive, na sua compreensão. Daí que as definições atribuídas ao conceito sejam muito distintas e variem consoante a formação teórica do autor/investigador. Pretende-se, a partir dessa identificação/compreensão, promover a qualidade de vida destas pessoas através do desenvolvimento de novas aprendizagens que possibilitem uma cooperação activa. É igualmente fundamental ir ao encontro das capacidade intactas de maneira a possibilitar a aquisição de novos(s) comportamento(s) que tenham um impacte positivo nas queixas, sinais, sintomas, incapacidade e disfuncionalidade apresentados pelo/a utente. Uma vez que a própria conceptualização do termo traduzirá aquilo que se pretende avaliar,será efectuada uma reflexão detalhada acerca dos instrumentos e definições que têm sido mais utilizadas para explorar o insight nas psicoses.Procurei, no meu trabalho de investigação, realçar e promover a importância que cada sujeito, alvo de intervenção, desempenha ao longo do seu processo de recuperação e na prevenção de recaídas. No seguimento dos objectivos acima descritos, para além da revisão teórica efectuada ao fenómeno em termos de conceptualização e estudos desenvolvidos na área de investigação, foi,neste estudo, realizada a contribuição para a validação do instrumento “Assessment of Insight in Psychosis: a re-standartization of a New Scale” de Marková & Berrios (2003).O fenómeno de insight escolhido pela Insight Scale, relata menos as mudanças vividas em relação à doença mental, e mais a actual consciência e articulação de tais mudanças. Tendo como base uma abordagem psicopedagógica, o fenómeno do insight aqui explorado assentou numa perspectiva reabilitativa, actual e multidimensional, que fosse para além das dimensões clínicas tradicionais. Neste sentido é apresentada uma escala original, intitulada “Escala de Avaliação do Insight e Identificação das Necessidades em Pessoas com Psicose”, bem como um modelo de intervenção psicopedagógico breve, assente nos pressupostos descritos ao longo do trabalho.-----------------------------------------ABSTRACT: The importance of insight in people with mental illnesses was first studied in psychiatry, in the first decades of the 20th century, by people as important as Lewis (1934) and Jaspers (1959). However, this field of investigation was left unexplored for many years. Only in the last decade has this phenomenon become the object of numerous scientific investigations, having been given special attention by its investigators. For this reason a significant number of instruments for evalauting insight in psychotic disorders were developed. Since then many papers have been published, which has allowed for a more in depth knowledge on the subject. Therefore, in recent years, the concept of insight has been developed in an attempt to clarify its compexity. A once dichotomic phenomenon, described in terms of presence or absence, became considered multidimensional, which made the identification of different levels of insight and different dimensions possible. Current concepts categorize insight into five dimensions: the awareness of the patient in relation to his/her mental illness, the awareness of the patient in relation to the social consequences of his/her illness, the awareness of the need for treatment, the awareness of the symptoms and the explanation of those symptoms in relation to the illness. The lack of insight in psychiatry, in general terms, and as this phenomenon has been described, the lack of awareness of having a mental illness, represents one of the most common symptoms of schizophrenia and affects a big part of the population that suffer from this illness. It is estimated that bewteen 50 and 80 per cent of patients with schizophrenia do not believe that they are ill, which, consequently has a big impact in the process of adherence to treatment. It is still not possible, however, to identify all the factors that determine the lack of insight in schizophrenics. There are psychological, social and cultural influences that almost certainly play their role in the lack of insight registered in this pathology.Since the impact of scizophrenia is felt in many aspects of the individual’s life, its effective treatment should be directed at various levels, including the improvement of insight. One of the objectives of this study is to explore the relationship between the level of insight in psychosis and the clinical and sociodemographic variables, the psychopathology and its global functioning. As well as the clinical and sociodemographic variables, there are of course important individual components that contribute to the level of insight seen in each patient, for example, their level of inteligence, personality, culture, past experiences, memory, etc. The clinical, emotional and/or intelectual nature of the term helps us understand the difficulty that lies in its interpretation as well as in its comprehension. Therefore, the definitions attributed to the term are very different and vary according to the theoretical training of the investigator. It is intended, from this identification/understanding, to promote the quality of life of these people through the development of new findings that might enable an active cooperation. It is equally fundamental to observe their unimpaired capacities in order to enable the acquisition of new behaviour(s) that have a positive impact on the complaints, signs, symptoms, incapacity and disfunctioning seen in the patient.As the actual comprehension of the term explains what we intend to evaluate, a detailed reflection is made on the instruments and definitions that have been used the most to explore insight in psychosis.In this investigation I tried to underline and promote the importance that each subject, undergoing medical intervention, plays during his/her process of recovery and prevention of relapses. Considering the above mentioned objectives, as well as a theoretical review of the phenomenon in terms of conceptualization and investigative studies developed, this study contributed to the validation of the instrument.The insight phenomenon chosen by the “Insight Scale”, records less changes experienced in relation to the mental illness and more actual awareness and articulation of these changes. Based on a psychopedagogical approach, the insight phenomenon explored here settled on a rehabilitation, current and multidimensional perspective that would go beyond the traditional clinical dimensions. For this reason an original scale entitled “Insight Evaluation Scale and Need Identification in Psychosis Patients” is presented, as well as a psychopedagogical intervention model soon to be used with admitted patients based on the presuppositions described in this study.
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Trabalho de Projeto apresentado ao Instituto de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Marketing Digital, sob orientação de Doutor Freitas Santos
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Trabalho Final de Mestrado elaborado no Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil pelo Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa no âmbito do protocolo entre o ISEL e o LNEC
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Engenharia Informática, Área de Especialização em Sistemas Gráficos e Multimédia
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Trabalho de projeto apresentado ao Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Contabilidade e Finanças, sob a orientação do Mestre Paulino Manuel Leite da Silva
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Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Contabilidade e Finanças, sob orientação de Doutora Deolinda Meira e Doutora Nina Aguiar
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Shelves surrounding reefless volcanic ocean islands are formed by surf erosion of their slopes during changing sea levels. Posterosional lava flows, if abundant, can cross the coastal cliffs and fill partially or completely the accommodation space left by erosion. In this study, multibeam bathymetry, high-resolution seismic reflection profiles, and sediment samples are used to characterize the morphology of the insular shelves adjacent to Pico Island. The data show offshore fresh lava flow morphologies, as well as an irregular basement beneath shelf sedimentary bodies and reduced shelf width adjacent to older volcanic edifices in Pico. These observations suggest that these shelves have been significantly filled by volcanic progradation and can thus be classified as rejuvenated. Despite the general volcanic infilling of the shelves around Pico, most of their edges are below the depth of the Last Glacial Maximum, revealing that at least parts of the island have subsided after the shelves formed by surf erosion. Prograding lava deltas reached the shelf edge in some areas triggering small slope failures, locally decreasing the shelf width and depth of their edges. These areas can represent a significant risk for the local population; hence, their identification can be useful for hazard assessment and contribute to wiser land use planning. Shelf and subaerial geomorphology, magnetic anomalies and crustal structure data of the two islands were also interpreted to reconstruct the long-term combined onshore and offshore evolution of the Faial-Pico ridge. The subaerial emergence of this ridge is apparently older than previously thought, i.e., before approximate to 850 ka.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Química - Tecnologias de Protecção Ambiental
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Estudo realizado por solicitação do INA. Concluído e entregue em outubro de 2015.
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The concepts and instruments required for the teaching and learning of geometric optics are introduced in the didactic processwithout a proper didactic transposition. This claim is secured by the ample evidence of both wide- and deep-rooted alternative concepts on the topic. Didactic transposition is a theory that comes from a reflection on the teaching and learning process in mathematics but has been used in other disciplinary fields. It will be used in this work in order to clear up the main obstacles in the teachinglearning process of geometric optics. We proceed to argue that since Newton’s approach to optics, in his Book I of Opticks, is independent of the corpuscular or undulatory nature of light, it is the most suitable for a constructivist learning environment. However, Newton’s theory must be subject to a proper didactic transposition to help overcome the referred alternative concepts. Then is described our didactic transposition in order to create knowledge to be taught using a dialogical process between students’ previous knowledge, history of optics and the desired outcomes on geometrical optics in an elementary pre-service teacher training course. Finally, we use the scheme-facet structure of knowledge both to analyse and discuss our results as well as to illuminate shortcomings that must be addressed in our next stage of the inquiry.